ASTM A394-07
(Specification)Standard Specification for Steel Transmission Tower Bolts, Zinc-Coated and Bare
Standard Specification for Steel Transmission Tower Bolts, Zinc-Coated and Bare
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the chemical and mechanical requirements of hexagon and square-head zinc-coated steel bolts and atmospheric corrosion-resistant bolts for use in the construction of transmission towers, substations, and similar steel structures. The following types of bolts are: Type 0 includes hot-dip zinc-coated bolts made of low or medium carbon steel, Type 1 includes hot-dip zinc-coated bolts made of medium carbon steel, quenched and tempered, Type 2, and Type 3 includes bare, quenched, and tempered bolts made of weathering steel. Steel for the manufacture of bolts shall be made by any of the following processes: open-hearth, electric-furnace, or basic-oxygen. Type 1 bolts produced from medium carbon steel shall be quenched in a liquid medium from above the austenizing temperature. Type 1 bolts produced from medium carbon steel to which chromium, nickel, molybdenum, or boron were intentionally added shall be quenched only in oil from above the austenitizing temperature. Type 3 bolts shall be quenched only in oil from above the austenitizing temperature. Cold-headed Type 0 bolts shall be stress relief annealed before zinc coating to remove cold work effects such that the hardness measured anywhere on the surface or through the cross-section shall meet the requirement specified. Different tests shall be conducted in order to determine the following mechanical properties of bolts: hardness, tensile strength, and shear strength.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the chemical and mechanical requirements of hexagon and square-head zinc-coated steel bolts and atmospheric corrosion-resistant bolts, in nominal thread diameters of 1/2 5/8, 3/4, 7/8 and 1 in. for use in the construction of transmission towers, substations, and similar steel structures. The various types of bolts covered in this specification are:
1.1.1 Type 0 - Hot-dip zinc-coated bolts made of low or medium carbon steel.
1.1.2 Type 1 - Hot-dip zinc-coated bolts made of medium carbon steel, quenched and tempered.
1.1.3 Type 2 - Withdrawn in 2005.
1.1.4 Type 3 - Bare (uncoated), quenched and tempered bolts made of weathering steel.
1.2 Annex A1 of this specification covers hot-dip zinc-coated steel ladder bolts, step bolts, and support-equipment bolts.
1.3 Nuts and washers that are supplied under this specification that are hot-dip zinc coated shall be in accordance with 4.4.
1.4 Terms used in this specification are defined in Terminology F 1789.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 11, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A 394 – 07
Standard Specification for
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Steel Transmission Tower Bolts, Zinc-Coated and Bare
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 394; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
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1.1 This specification covers the chemical and mechanical 2.1 ASTM Standards:
requirements of hexagon and square-head zinc-coated steel A 563 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts
bolts and atmospheric corrosion-resistant bolts, in nominal D 3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
1 5 3 7
thread diameters of ⁄2 ⁄8 , ⁄4 , ⁄8 and 1 in. for use in the F 436 Specification for Hardened Steel Washers
construction of transmission towers, substations, and similar F 606 Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Prop-
steel structures. The various types of bolts covered in this erties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners,
specification are: Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and Rivets
1.1.1 Type 0—Hot-dip zinc-coated bolts made of low or F 788/F 788M Specification for Surface Discontinuities of
medium carbon steel. Bolts, Screws, and Studs, Inch and Metric Series
1.1.2 Type 1—Hot-dip zinc-coated bolts made of medium F 1470 GuideforFastenerSamplingforSpecifiedMechani-
carbon steel, quenched and tempered. cal Properties and Performance Inspection
1.1.3 Type 2—Withdrawn in 2005. F 1789 Terminology for F16 Mechanical Fasteners
1.1.4 Type 3—Bare (uncoated), quenched and tempered F 2329 Specification for Zinc Coating, Hot-Dip, Require-
bolts made of weathering steel. ments for Application to Carbon and Alloy Steel Bolts,
1.2 Annex A1 of this specification covers hot-dip zinc- Screws, Washers, Nuts, and Special Threaded Fasteners
coated steel ladder bolts, step bolts, and support-equipment G 101 Guide for Estimating the Atmospheric Corrosion
bolts. Resistance of Low-Alloy Steels
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1.3 Nuts and washers that are supplied under this specifica- 2.2 ASME Standards:
tion that are hot-dip zinc coated shall be in accordance with B1.1 Unified Screw Threads
4.4. B18.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and Screws
1.4 Terms used in this specification are defined in Termi- B18.24 Part Identifying Number (PIN) Code System Stan-
nology F 1789. dard for B 18 Fastener Products
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3. Ordering Information
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
3.1 Ordersforproductsunderthisspecificationshallinclude
information only.
1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the the following:
3.1.1 Quantity (number of bolts and accessories).
test methods portion, Section 11, of this specification. This
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, 3.1.2 Name of products, including accessories such as
A 563 nuts and F 436 washers when desired.
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
tions prior to use.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
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This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts, the ASTM website.
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Nuts, Rivets and Washers. Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2007. Published August 2007. Originally International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
e1
approved in 1955. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as A 394 – 05 . www.asme.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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A394–07
3.1.3 Dimensions, including nominal bolt diameter and 4.2.1 Type 1 bolts produced from medium carbon steel shall
length. For bolts other than transmission-tower bolts, complete be quenched in a liquid medium from above the austenizing
dimensions are required (see Annex A1). temperature. Type 1 bolts produced from medium carbon steel
to which chromium, nickel, molybdenum, or boron were
3.1.4 Type of bolt (for example, Type 0, 1, or 3).
intentionally added shall be quenched only in oil from above
3.1.4.1 W
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