ASTM D873-22

Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Aviation Fuels (Potential Residue Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The results (of these tests) can be used to indicate storage stability of these fuels. The tendency of fuels to form gum and deposits in these tests has not been correlated with field performance (and can vary markedly) with the formation of gum and deposits under different storage conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method3 covers the determination of the tendency of aviation reciprocating, turbine, and jet engine fuels to form gum and deposits under accelerated aging conditions. (Warning—This test method is not intended for determining the stability of fuel components, particularly those with a high percentage of low boiling unsaturated compounds, as these may cause explosive conditions within the apparatus.)
Note 1: For the measurement of the oxidation stability (induction period) of motor gasoline, refer to Test Method D525.  
1.2 The accepted SI unit of pressure is the kilo pascal (kPa); the accepted SI unit of temperature is °C.  
1.3 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. The potential exists that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their location.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2022
• ICS: 75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.14 - Stability, Cleanliness and Compatibility of Liquid Fuels

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D873 − 22 British Standard 4456
Designation: 138/99
Standard Test Method for
Oxidation Stability of Aviation Fuels (Potential Residue
1,2
Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D873; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3 mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
tendencyofaviationreciprocating,turbine,andjetenginefuels
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
to form gum and deposits under accelerated aging conditions.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
(Warning—This test method is not intended for determining
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
the stability of fuel components, particularly those with a high
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
percentage of low boiling unsaturated compounds, as these
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
may cause explosive conditions within the apparatus.)
NOTE 1—For the measurement of the oxidation stability (induction 2. Referenced Documents
period) of motor gasoline, refer to Test Method D525.
4
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.2 The accepted SI unit of pressure is the kilo pascal (kPa);
D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evapo-
the accepted SI unit of temperature is °C.
ration
D525 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline (In-
1.3 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many
duction Period Method)
regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been dem-
Petroleum Products
onstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials.
D5452 Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Avia-
Use caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing
tion Fuels by Laboratory Filtration
products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
for additional information. The potential exists that selling E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited
3. Terminology
by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales
in their location.
3.1 The following definitions of terms are all expressed in
terms of milligrams per 100 mL of sample, after “X” hours
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
aging, “X” being the accelerated aging (oxidation) period at
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
100 °C.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 insoluble gum, n—deposit adhering to the glass
1
sample container after removal of the aged fuel, precipitate,
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM International Committee
D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct
and soluble gum.
responsibility of ASTM Subcommittee D02.14 on Stability, Cleanliness and
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Insoluble gum is obtained by measur-
Compatibility of Liquid Fuels. The technically equivalent standard as referenced is
ing the increase in mass of the glass sample container.
under the jurisdiction of the Energy Institute Subcommittee SC-B-8.
Current edition approved July 1, 2022. Published August 2022. Originally
3.2.2 potential gum, n—sum of the soluble and insoluble
approved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D873 – 12 (2018).
gum.
DOI: 10.1520/D0873-22.
2
This test method has been developed through the cooperative effort between
ASTM and the Energy Institute, London.ASTM and IPstandards were approved by
4
ASTMandEItechnicalcommitteesasbeingtechnicallyequivalentbutthatdoesnot For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
imply both standards are identical. contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Further information can be found in the June 1978, January 1979, and June Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
1986 editions of the Institute of Petroleum Review. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM Inte
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D873 − 12 (Reapproved 2018) D873 − 22 British Standard 4456
Designation: 138/99
Standard Test Method for
Oxidation Stability of Aviation Fuels (Potential Residue
1,2
Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D873; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope Scope*
3
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the tendency of aviation reciprocating, turbine, and jet engine fuels to form gum
and deposits under accelerated aging conditions. (Warning—This test method is not intended for determining the stability of fuel
components, particularly those with a high percentage of low boiling unsaturated compounds, as these may cause explosive
conditions within the apparatus.)
NOTE 1—For the measurement of the oxidation stability (induction period) of motor gasoline, refer to Test Method D525.
1.2 The accepted SI unit of pressure is the kilo pascal (kPa); the accepted SI unit of temperature is °C.
1.3 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous materialsubstance that can cause
central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, may has been demonstrated to be
hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken Use caution when handling mercury and mercury
containing mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s
website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware (SDS) for additional informa-
tion. The potential exists that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by
law.or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their
location.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM International Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility
of ASTM Subcommittee D02.14 on Stability, Cleanliness and Compatibility of Liquid Fuels. The technically equivalent standard as referenced is under the jurisdiction of
the Energy Institute Subcommittee SC-B-8.
This test method has been approved by the sponsoring committees and accepted by the Cooperating Societies in accordance with established procedures.
Current edition approved April 1, 2018July 1, 2022. Published June 2018August 2022. Originally approved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 20122018 as
D873 – 12.D873 – 12 (2018). DOI: 10.1520/D0873-12R18.10.1520/D0873-22.
2
This test method has been developed through the cooperative effort between ASTM and the Energy Institute, London. ASTM and IP standards were approved by ASTM
and EI technical committees as being technically equivalent but that does not imply both standards are identical.
3
Further information can be found in the June 1978, January 1979, and June 1986 editions of the Institute of Petroleum Review.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D873 − 22
2. Referenced Documents
4
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evaporation
D525 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline (Induction Period Method)
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D5452 Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Aviation Fuels by Laboratory Filtration
E1
...