ASTM D2700-01

Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel

SCOPE
1.1 This laboratory test method covers the quantitative determination of the knock rating of liquid spark-ignition engine fuel in terms of Motor octane number except that this test method may not be applicable to fuel and fuel components that are primarily oxygenates. The sample fuel is tested in a standardized single cylinder, four-stroke cycle, variable compression ratio, carbureted, CFR engine run in accordance with a defined set of operating conditions. The octane number scale is defined by the volumetric composition of primary reference fuel blends. The sample fuel knock intensity is compared to that of one or more primary reference fuel blends. The octane number of the primary reference fuel blend that matches the knock intensity of the sample fuel establishes the Motor octane number.
1.2 The octane number scale covers the range from 0 to 120 octane number, but this test method has a working range from 40 to 120 octane number. Typical commercial fuels produced for automotive spark-ignition engines rate in the 80 to 90 Motor octane number range. Typical commercial fuels produced for aviation spark-ignition engines rate in the 98 to 102 Motor octane number range. Testing of gasoline blend stocks or other process stream materials can produce ratings at various levels throughout the Motor octane number range.
1.3 The values of operating conditions are stated in SI units and are considered standard. The values in parentheses are the historical inch-pounds units. The standardized CFR engine measurements continue to be in inch-pound units only because of the extensive and expensive tooling that has been created for this equipment.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For more specific hazard statements, see 8.1.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.3.1, 8.3.2, 8.3.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 13.4.1, 14.5.1, 15.6.1, A2.3.9, A2.4.8, A3.2.7.2(g), A4.2.3.1, A4.2.3.3 (f) and (i) A4.3.5, X2.3.7, X3.2.3.1, X3.3.4.1, X3.3.4.1, X3.3.9.3, X.3.3.12.4, and X3.5.1.8 and Annex A1.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Sep-2001
• ICS: 75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.01 - Combustion Characteristics

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D2700-99 - Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Replaced By: ASTM D2700-01a - Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D6593-18e1 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Inhibition of Deposit Formation in a Spark-Ignition Internal Combustion Engine Fueled with Gasoline and Operated Under Low-Temperature, Light-Duty Conditions
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D910-21 - Standard Specification for Leaded Aviation Gasolines
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D7547-23 - Standard Specification for Hydrocarbon Unleaded Aviation Gasoline
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D7826-23a - Standard Guide for Evaluation of New Aviation Gasolines and New Aviation Gasoline Additives
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D7320-18e1 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D8434-21 - Standard Specification for Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Test Fuel Containing Organo-metallic Additive
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D6812-04a(2019) - Standard Practice for Ground-Based Octane Rating Procedures for Turbocharged/Supercharged Spark Ignition Aircraft Engines
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D6424-04a(2019) - Standard Practice for Octane Rating Naturally Aspirated Spark Ignition Aircraft Engines
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D8340-22 - Standard Practice for Performance-Based Qualification of Spectroscopic Analyzer Systems
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D4814-23 - Standard Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D8111-23a - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIH, Spark-Ignition Engine
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D2885-21 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuels by On-Line Direct Comparison Technique
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D7719-21a - Standard Specification for High Aromatic Content Unleaded Hydrocarbon Aviation Gasoline Test Fuel
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 2700 – 01 An American National Standard
Designation: 236/87
Standard Test Method for
1
Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2700; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For more specific
hazard statements, see 8.1.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.3.1, 8.3.2, 8.3.3, 8.4,
1.1 This laboratory test method covers the quantitative
8.5, 8.6, 13.4.1, 14.5.1, 15.6.1, A2.3.9, A2.4.8, A3.2.7.2(g),
determination of the knock rating of liquid spark-ignition
A4.2.3.1, A4.2.3.3(f) and (i), A4.3.5, X2.3.7, X3.2.3.1,
engine fuel in terms of Motor octane number except that this
X3.3.4.1, X3.3.9.3, X3.3.12.4, and X3.5.1.8 and Annex A1.
test method may not be applicable to fuel and fuel components
2
that are primarily oxygenates. The sample fuel is tested in a
2. Referenced Documents
standardized single cylinder, four-stroke cycle, variable com-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
pression ratio, carbureted, CFR engine run in accordance with
3
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
a defined set of operating conditions. The octane number scale
D 1744 Test Method for Water in Liquid Petroleum Prod-
is defined by the volumetric composition of primary reference
4
ucts by Karl Fischer Reagent
fuel blends. The sample fuel knock intensity is compared to
D 2268 Test Method for Analysis of High-Purity n-Heptane
that of one or more primary reference fuel blends. The octane
4
and Isooctane by Capillary Gas Chromatography
number of the primary reference fuel blend that matches the
D 2360 Test Method for Trace Impurities in Monocyclic
knock intensity of the sample fuel establishes the Motor octane
5
Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Gas Chromatography
number.
D 2699 Test Method for Research Octane Number of Spark
1.2 The octane number scale covers the range from 0 to 120
6
Ignition Engine Fuel
octane number, but this test method has a working range from
D 2885 Test Method for Research and Motor Method Oc-
40 to 120 octane number. Typical commercial fuels produced
6
tane Ratings Using On-Line Analyzers
for automotive spark-ignition engines rate in the 80 to 90
D 3116 Test Method for Trace Amounts of Lead in Gaso-
Motor octane number range. Typical commercial fuels pro-
7
line
duced for aviation spark-ignition engines rate in the 98 to 102
D 3237 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic
Motor octane number range. Testing of gasoline blend stocks
8
Absorption Spectrometry
or other process stream materials can produce ratings at various
D 3703 Test Method for Peroxide Number of Aviation
levels throughout the Motor octane number range.
8
Turbine Fuels
1.3 The values of operating conditions are stated in SI units
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
and are considered standard. The values in parentheses are the
8
Petroleum Products
historical inch-pounds units. The standardized CFR engine
D 4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
measurements continue to be in inch-pound units only because
8
Products, and Lubricants
of the extensive and expensive tooling that has been created for
D 4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
this equipment.
8
Petroleum Products
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D 4814 Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
9
Fuel
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
10
E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1 3
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
4
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
5
D02.01 on Combustion Characteristics. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.04.
6
Current edition approved June 10, 2001. Published July 2001. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.04.
7
published as D 2700 – 68. Last previous edition D 2700 – 99. Discontinued; see 1994 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
2 8
Research octane number, determined using Test Method D 2699, is a compan- Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
9
ion method to provide a similar but typically higher octane rating under milder Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.03.
10
operating conditions. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.
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