ASTM D6801-07

Standard Test Method for Measuring Maximum Spontaneous Heating Temperature of Art and Other Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides a means of accelerating the tendency of a material toward spontaneous heating that may eventually lead to a fire. It is applicable to liquids and pastes.
The spontaneous heating behavior of an oil-based material is affected by such factors as the availability of oxygen, the amount of driers present, the degree of polymerization of oils, the surface area of the cellulose material, measures to prevent heat dissipation, and the amount of oil in contact with cellulose material. The degree of spontaneous heating bears little relationship to the type of cellulose material to which an oil-based material comes in contact or whether or not oil soaked materials are first air dried. Small amounts of contaminants, such as oil paint, quartz dust, dirt or drier (for example, materials that might be found on a dirty, oil-soaked rag), can act as catalysts for this reaction.3
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a small-scale laboratory procedure to determine the self heating tendency of oil-based materials by exposure to elevated temperatures in air in a controlled semi-adiabatic system.
1.2 This test method has been developed to address an urgent need to identify oil-based materials that may require labeling for spontaneous heating tendency. Studies based on this test method may allow the development of a practice to identify such oil-based materials.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For safety concerns specific to disposal of solvent-soaked rags, see Appendix X1.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2007
• ICS: 97.195 - Items of art and handicrafts. Cultural property and heritage
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.57 - Artist Paints and Related Materials

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D6801-02a - Standard Test Method for Measuring Maximum Spontaneous Heating Temperature of Art Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2007

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6801 − 07
StandardTest Method for
Measuring Maximum Spontaneous Heating Temperature of
1
Art and Other Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6801; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 maximum spontaneous heating temperature,
n—maximum temperature reached during spontaneous heating
1.1 This test method covers a small-scale laboratory proce-
under the specified test conditions.
dure to determine the self heating tendency of oil-based
3.1.2 oil-based materials, n—seed and nut oils or materials
materials by exposure to elevated temperatures in air in a
that contain such oils.
controlled semi-adiabatic system.
3.1.3 spontaneous heating, n—exothermic reaction of a
1.2 This test method has been developed to address an
material due to slow or incomplete reaction that results in a
urgent need to identify oil-based materials that may require
temperature rise above that of its surroundings (see Test
labeling for spontaneous heating tendency. Studies based on
Method E771); also called self heating.
this test method may allow the development of a practice to
identify such oil-based materials.
3.2 Symbols:
3.2.1 T —difference between maximum spontaneous heat-
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as D
ing temperature and control temperature.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.
3.2.2 T —maximum spontaneous heating temperature.
S
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.3 T —control temperature or maximum spontaneous
C
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
temperature measured over 1 h immediately preceding the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
beginning of an experiment.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4. Summary of Test Method
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For safety concerns
specific to disposal of solvent-soaked rags, see Appendix X1.
4.1 A non-woven paper cloth is covered uniformly in 9.0
mL of test material mixed with 0.25 mL of 6 to 10 %
2. Referenced Documents
manganese drier. This covered pad is then put in a small
2
stainless steel holder with air holes in the sides. This holder is
2.1 ASTM Standards:
placed in a larger chamber, which is opened to the air from the
E633 Guide for Use of Thermocouples in Creep and Stress-
top and heated until peak temperature is reached. The maxi-
Rupture Testing to 1800°F (1000°C) in Air
mum spontaneous heating temperature inside the soaked paper
E771 Test Method for Spontaneous Heating Tendency of
3
cloth is recorded with a K thermocouple and maximum
Materials (Withdrawn 2001)
temperature recorder with the base temperature adjusted to 70
6 2°C.
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method provides a means of accelerating the
tendency of a material toward spontaneous heating that may
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
eventually lead to a fire. It is applicable to liquids and pastes.
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.57 on Artist Paints and Related Materials.
5.2 The spontaneous heating behavior of an oil-based ma-
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2007.PublishedJuly2007.Originallyapproved
terial is affected by such factors as the availability of oxygen,
in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D6801 – 02a. DOI: 10.1520/
the amount of driers present, the degree of polymerization of
D6801-07.
2
oils, the surface area of the cellulose material, measures to
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
prevent heat dissipation, and the amount of oil in contact with
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
cellulose material. The degree of spontaneous heating bears
the ASTM website.
3
little relationship to the type of cellulose material to which an
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. oil-based material comes in contact or whether or not oil
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1

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D6801 − 07
FIG. 1 Spontaneous Combustion Apparatus
soaked materials are first air dried. Small amounts of 7.2 Manganese Drier (manganese naphthenate-2-
contaminants, such as oil paint, quartz dust, dirt or drier (for e
...