ASTM D1831-11
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Roll Stability of Lubricating Grease
Standard Test Method for Roll Stability of Lubricating Grease
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The roll stability test is widely used in specifications. Test results are significant insofar as they can show a directional change in consistency that could occur in service. No accurate correlation is established between the test results and shear stability in actual service.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the changes in the consistency, as measured by cone penetration, of lubricating greases when worked in the roll stability test apparatus.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 Exception—The values stated in inch-pound units for the apparatus dimensions are to be regarded as standard; the SI conversions are provided for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D1831 − 11
Standard Test Method for
1
Roll Stability of Lubricating Grease
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1831; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope synonymously with penetration. Generally, consistency refers
to the worked penetration of a grease. D217
1.1 This test method covers determination of the changes in
3.1.2 lubricant, n—any material interposed between two
the consistency, as measured by cone penetration, of lubricat-
surfaces that reduces the friction or wear between them. D4175
ing greases when worked in the roll stability test apparatus.
3.1.3 lubricating grease, n—a semi-fluid to solid product of
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
a dispersion of a thickener in a liquid lubricant.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.1.3.1 Discussion—The dispersion of the thickener forms a
standard.
two-phase system and immobilizes the liquid lubricant by
1.2.1 Exception—The values stated in inch-pound units for
surface tension and other physical forces. Other ingredients
the apparatus dimensions are to be regarded as standard; the SI
imparting special properties are often included. D217
conversions are provided for information only.
3.1.4 penetration, n—of lubricating grease, the depth that
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
the standard cone, when released to fall under its own weight
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
for 5 s, enters the sample. D217
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.5 thickener, n—in lubricating grease, a substance com-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
posed of finely divided particles dispersed in a liquid lubricant
to form the product’s structure.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.5.1 Discussion—The thickener can be fibers (such as
2
various metallic soaps) or plates or spheres (such as certain
2.1 ASTM Standards:
non-soap thickeners) which are insoluble or, at the most, only
D217 Test Methods for Cone Penetration of Lubricating
very slightly soluble in the liquid lubricant. The general
Grease
requirements are that the solid particles be extremely small,
D1403 Test Methods for Cone Penetration of Lubricating
uniformlydispersed,andcapableofformingarelativelystable,
Grease Using One-Quarter and One-Half Scale Cone
gel-like structure with the liquid lubricant. D217
Equipment
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum 3.1.6 worked penetration, n—of lubricating grease, the
Products, and Lubricants penetration at 25°C (77°F), without delay, of a sample after 60
double strokes in a standard grease worker. D217
3. Terminology
3.1.7 working, n—of lubricating grease, the subjection of a
sample to the shearing action of the standard grease worker.
3.1 Definitions:
D217
3.1.1 consistency, n—of lubricating grease, the degree of
resistance to movement under stress.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Thetermconsistencyisusedsomewhat
3.2.1 roll stability, n—of lubricating grease, the change in
consistency of a sample after a specified amount of working in
a test apparatus utilizing a weighted roller inside a rotating
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on cylinder.
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.G0.02 on Consistency and Related Rheological Tests.
4. Summary of Test Method
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2011. Published January 2011. Originally
4.1 The Test Methods D1403 cone penetration of an ap-
approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D1831–00(2006).
DOI: 10.1520/D1831-11.
proximately 50-g aliquot of lubricating grease is determined.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
The grease is then subjected to low shear at 20 to 35°C for 2
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
h 6 5 min in a standard roll stability apparatus, before the cone
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. penetrationisagainmeasured.Thedifferencebetweenthecone
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D1831 − 11
penetration before working and the cone penetration after is 7. Procedure
used as
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D1831–00 (Reapproved 2006) Designation: D1831 – 11
Standard Test Method for
1
Roll Stability of Lubricating Grease
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1831; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers determination of the changes in the consistency, as measured by cone penetration, of lubricating
greases when worked in the roll stability test apparatus.
1.2The values stated in inch-pound units for the apparatus dimensions are to be regarded as standard; the SI conversions are
provided for information only. All other values stated in SI units are standard.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 Exception—The values stated in inch-pound units for the apparatus dimensions are to be regarded as standard; the SI
conversions are provided for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D217 Test Methods for Cone Penetration of Lubricating Grease
D1403 Test Methods for Cone Penetration of Lubricating Grease Using One-Quarter and One-Half Scale Cone Equipment
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum Products, and Lubricants
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 lubricating greaseconsistency, n—a semi-fluid to solid product of a dispersion of a thickener in a liquid lubricant. — of
lubricating grease, the degree of resistance to movement under stress.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—The dispersion of the thickener forms a two-phase system and immobilizes the liquid lubricant by surface
tension and other physical forces. Other ingredients imparting special properties are often included. D217 —The term consis-
tency is used somewhat synonymously with penetration. Generally, consistency refers to the worked penetration of a
grease. D217
3.1.2 lubricant, n—any material interposed between two surfaces that reduces the friction or wear between them. D4175
3.1.3 thickenerlubricating grease, n—in lubricating grease, a substance composed of finely divided particles dispersed in a
liquid lubricant to form the product’s structure. —a semi-fluid to solid product of a dispersion of a thickener in a liquid lubricant.
3.1.3.1 Discussion—The thickener can be fibers (such as various metallic soaps) or plates or spheres (such as certain non-soap
thickeners) which are insoluble or, at the most, only very slightly soluble in the liquid lubricant. The general requirements are that
the solid particles be extremely small, uniformly dispersed, and capable of forming a relatively stable, gel-like structure with the
liquid lubricant. D217 —The dispersion of the thickener forms a two-phase system and immobilizes the liquid lubricant
by surface tension and other physical forces. Other ingredients imparting special properties are often included. D217
3.1.4 consistencypenetration, n— of lubricating grease, the degree of resistance to movement under stress.
3.1.4.1Discussion—The term consistency is used somewhat synonymously with penetration. Generally, consistency refers to the
worked penetration of a grease. D217 , the depth that the standard cone, when released to fall under its own weight for 5
s, enters the sample. D217
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.G0.02
on Lubricating Grease. Consistency and Related Rheological Tests.
Current edition approved MayJan. 1, 2006.2011. Published June 2006.January 2011. Originally approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 20002006 as
´1
D1831–00 .D1831–00(2006). DOI: 10.1520/D1831-00R06.10.1520/D1831-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM Inte
...
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