ASTM D1831-18
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Roll Stability of Lubricating Grease
Standard Test Method for Roll Stability of Lubricating Grease
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The roll stability test is widely used in specifications. Test results are significant insofar as they can show a directional change in consistency that could occur in service. No accurate correlation is established between the test results and shear stability in actual service.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the changes in the consistency, as measured by cone penetration, of lubricating greases when worked in the roll stability test apparatus.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: D1831 − 18
Standard Test Method for
1
Roll Stability of Lubricating Grease
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1831; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 3.1.1 consistency, n— of lubricating grease, the degree of
resistance to movement under stress.
1.1 This test method covers determination of the changes in
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Thetermconsistencyisusedsomewhat
the consistency, as measured by cone penetration, of lubricat-
synonymously with penetration. Generally, consistency refers
ing greases when worked in the roll stability test apparatus.
to the worked penetration of a grease. D217
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1.2 lubricant, n—any material interposed between two
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
surfaces that reduces the friction or wear between them. D4175
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
3.1.3 lubricating grease, n—a semi-fluid to solid product of
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
a dispersion of a thickener in a liquid lubricant.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.3.1 Discussion—The dispersion of the thickener forms a
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
two-phase system and immobilizes the liquid lubricant by
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
surface tension and other physical forces. Other ingredients
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
imparting special properties are often included. D217
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1.4 penetration, n—of lubricating grease, the depth that
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
the standard cone enters the sample when released to fall under
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
its own weight for 5 s. D217
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.1.5 thickener, n—in lubricating grease, a substance com-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
posed of finely divided particles dispersed in a liquid lubricant
to form the product’s structure.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.5.1 Discussion—The thickener can be fibers (such as
2
various metallic soaps) or plates or spheres (such as certain
2.1 ASTM Standards:
non-soap thickeners) which are insoluble or, at the most, only
D217 Test Methods for Cone Penetration of Lubricating
very slightly soluble in the liquid lubricant. The general
Grease
requirements are that the solid particles be extremely small,
D1403 Test Methods for Cone Penetration of Lubricating
uniformlydispersed,andcapableofformingarelativelystable,
Grease Using One-Quarter and One-Half Scale Cone
gel-like structure with the liquid lubricant. D217
Equipment
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid 3.1.6 worked penetration, n—of lubricating grease, the
Fuels, and Lubricants penetration at 25 °C (77 °F), without delay, of a sample after
60 double strokes in a standard grease worker. D217
3. Terminology
3.1.7 working, n—of lubricating grease, the subjection of a
sample to the shearing action of the standard grease worker.
3.1 Definitions:
D217
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on 3.2.1 roll stability, n—of lubricating grease, the change in
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
consistency of a sample after a specified amount of working in
Subcommittee D02.G0.02 on Consistency and Related Rheological Tests.
a test apparatus utilizing a weighted roller inside a rotating
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2018.PublishedJuly2018.Originallyapproved
cylinder.
in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D1831 – 11. DOI: 10.1520/
D1831-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 4. Summary of Test Method
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4.1 The Test Methods D1403 cone penetration of an ap-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. proximately 50 g aliquot of lubricating grease is determined.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D1831 − 11 D1831 − 18
Standard Test Method for
1
Roll Stability of Lubricating Grease
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1831; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method covers determination of the changes in the consistency, as measured by cone penetration, of lubricating
greases when worked in the roll stability test apparatus.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this The values
given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.2.1 Exception—The values stated in inch-pound units for the apparatus dimensions are to be regarded as standard; the SI
conversions are provided for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D217 Test Methods for Cone Penetration of Lubricating Grease
D1403 Test Methods for Cone Penetration of Lubricating Grease Using One-Quarter and One-Half Scale Cone Equipment
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 consistency, n— of lubricating grease, the degree of resistance to movement under stress.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
The term consistency is used somewhat synonymously with penetration. Generally, consistency refers to the worked penetration
of a grease. D217
3.1.2 lubricant, n—any material interposed between two surfaces that reduces the friction or wear between them. D4175
3.1.3 lubricating grease, n—a semi-fluid to solid product of a dispersion of a thickener in a liquid lubricant.
3.1.3.1 Discussion—
The dispersion of the thickener forms a two-phase system and immobilizes the liquid lubricant by surface tension and other
physical forces. Other ingredients imparting special properties are often included. D217
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.G0.02 on Consistency and Related Rheological Tests.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2011June 1, 2018. Published January 2011July 2018. Originally approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 20062011 as
D1831–00(2006).D1831 – 11. DOI: 10.1520/D1831-11.10.1520/D1831-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1831 − 18
3.1.4 penetration, n—of lubricating grease, the depth that the standard cone, cone enters the sample when released to fall under
its own weight for 5 s, enters the sample.5 s. D217
3.1.5 thickener, n—in lubricating grease, a substance composed of finely divided particles dispersed in a liquid lubricant to form
the product’s structure.
3.1.5.1 Discussion—
The thickener can be fibers (such as various metallic soaps) or plates or spheres (such as certain non-soap thickeners) which are
insoluble or, at the most, only very slightly soluble in the liquid lubricant. The general requirements are that the solid particles be
extremely small, uniformly dispersed, and capable of forming a relatively stable, gel-like structure with the liquid lubricant. D217
3.1.6 worke
...
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