ASTM A407-93(1998)

Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Cold-Drawn, for Coiled-Type Springs

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers round, cold-drawn, steel spring wire having properties and quality intended for the manufacture of the following types of upholstery springs:  
1.1.1 Type A- Coiled (Marshall pack),  
1.1.2 Type B- Coiled and knotted,  
1.1.3 Type C- Coiled and knotted (offset style),  
1.1.4 Type D- Coiled and hooked (single and cross helicals),  
1.1.5 Type E- Coiled and hooked (short tension-regular tensile strength),  
1.1.6 Type F- Coiled and hooked (short tension-high tensile strength),  
1.1.7 Type G- Regular lacing, and  
1.1.8 Type H- Automatic lacing.  
1.2 These types of upholstery springs are used in the manufacture of bed spring units, mattresses, furniture cushions, and automobile seats. This wire is not intended for the manufacture of mechanical springs.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Oct-1998
• ICS: 77.140.25 - Spring steels
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.03 - Steel Rod and Wire

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM A407-93(2004) - Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Cold-Drawn, for Coiled-Type Springs
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2004

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A 407 – 93 (Reapproved 1998)
Standard Specification for
Steel Wire, Cold-Drawn, for Coiled-Type Springs
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 407; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 Quantity (weight),
3.1.2 Name of material (name of specific type required)
1.1 This specification covers round, cold-drawn, steel spring
(Section 1 and Table 1),
wire having properties and quality intended for the manufac-
3.1.3 Diameter (Table 2),
ture of the following types of upholstery springs:
3.1.4 Packaging, marking, and loading (Section 12),
1.1.1 Type A—Coiled (Marshall pack),
3.1.5 ASTM designation and date of issue, and
1.1.2 Type B—Coiled and knotted,
3.1.6 Heat (cast) analysis (if desired).
1.1.3 Type C—Coiled and knotted (offset style),
1.1.4 Type D—Coiled and hooked (single and cross heli-
NOTE 1—A typical ordering description is as follows: 50 000 lb
cals), [15 000 kg], cold-drawn upholstery spring wire Type B for coiling and
knotting, size 0.080 in. [2.0 mm], 1500-lb [700 kg] coils on tubular
1.1.5 Type E—Coiled and hooked (short tension—regular
carriers to ASTM A 407 dated .
tensile strength),
1.1.6 Type F—Coiled and hooked (short tension—high
4. Manufacture
tensile strength),
4.1 The steel shall be made by any of the following
1.1.7 Type G—Regular lacing, and
processes: open-hearth, basic-oxygen, or electric-furnace.
1.1.8 Type H—Automatic lacing.
4.2 A sufficient discard shall be made to ensure freedom
1.2 These types of upholstery springs are used in the
from injurious piping and undue segregation.
manufacture of bed spring units, mattresses, furniture cushions,
4.3 The wire shall be cold-drawn to produce the desired
and automobile seats. This wire is not intended for the
mechanical properties.
manufacture of mechanical springs.
5. Chemical Composition
2. Referenced Documents
5.1 Upholstery spring wire for coiled-type springs is cus-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tomarily produced within the chemical ranges shown below.
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
2 Chemical composition and processing may vary depending on
of Steel Products
the gage of wire and specific use.
A 700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading
A
Carbon, % 0.45 to 0.70
Methods for Steel Products for Domestic Shipment
A
Manganese, %, 0.60 to 1.20
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Specifications
A
In any lot in which all the wire is of the same size and type, and submitted for
2.2 AIAG Standard:
inspection at the same time, the carbon content shall not vary more than 0.20 %,
and the manganese content shall not vary more than 0.30 %.
AIAGB-5 02.00 Primary Metals Identification Tag Applica-
5.2 An analysis of each heat (cast) shall be made by the
tion Standard
producer to determine the percentage of elements specified
3. Ordering Information
above. The analysis shall be made from a test sample prefer-
ably taken during the pouring of the heat (cast). The chemical
3.1 Orders for material under this specification should
composition thus determined shall be reported to the purchaser
include the following information for each ordered item:
or his representative upon request.
6. Mechanical Properties
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A-1 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
6.1 Tension Test:
A01.03 on Steel Rod and Wire.
6.1.1 Requirements—The material as represented by tension
Current edition approved July 15, 1993. Published September 1993. Originally
test specimens shall conform to the requirements prescribed in
issued as A 407 – 57 T. Last previous edition A 407 – 90.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
Table 1 for the various sizes and specified types.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.05.
6.1.2 Number of Tests—One test specimen shall be taken for
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
each ten coils, or fraction thereof, in a lot. Each heat in a given
Available from the Automotive Industry Action Group, 26200 Lahser, Suite
200, Southfield, MI 48034. lot shall be tested.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
A 407 – 93 (1998)
A
TABLE 1 Tensile Strength Requirements
6.1.4 Test Method—The tension test shall be made in
accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A 370.
Diameter, in. [mm] Wire Gage Tensile Strength, ksi [MPa]
6.2 Wrap Test:
min max
6.2.1 Requirements—The wire, except that for Type A
Type A, Marshall Pack
(Marshall pack), shall wrap on itself as an arbor without
0.048 [1.2] 18 255 [1800] 295 [2060]
breakage.
0.054 [1.4] 17 250 [1760] 290 [2010]
0.062 [1.6] 16 250 [1710] 290 [1950] 6.2.2 Number of Tests—One test specimen shall be taken for
0.072 [1.8] 15 240 [1680] 280 [1920]
each ten coils, or fraction thereof, in a lot. Each heat in a given
0.080 [2.0] 14 230 [1650] 270 [1890]
lot shall be tested.
0.092 [2.4] 13 225 [1610] 265 [1830]
0.106 [2.8] 12 220 [1560] 260 [1780]
6.2.3 Location of Tests—Test specimens shall be taken from
Type B, Coiled and Knotted either end of the coil.
6.2.4 Test Method—The wrap test shall be made in accor-
0.062 [1.6] 16 235 [1550] 270 [1790]
0.072 [1.8] 15 230 [1530] 265 [1770]
dance with Supplement IV of Test Methods and Definitions
0.080 [2.0] 14 225 [1500] 260 [1740]
A 370.
0.092 [2.4] 13 215 [1460] 250 [1680]
0.106 [2.6] 12 205 [1420] 235 [1640]
0.120 [3.0] 11 195 [1380] 225 [1600]
7. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
0.135 [3.5] 10 190 [1350] 220 [1560]
0.148 [3.8] 9 185 [1300] 215 [1530] 7.1 Th
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