ASTM D2291-09

Standard Practice for Fabrication of Ring Test Specimens for Glass-Resin Composites

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice provides a uniform procedure for fabricating glass fiber/thermoset resin ring samples for use as test specimens. Specimens so prepared can be used in Test Methods D 2290 and D 2344/D 2344M.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended for use in the fabrication of ring-type test specimens to be used in the evaluation of the mechanical properties of reinforcement and resins in a composite structure. The practice outlines the steps in the preparation of the test specimens, including the final specimen machining where applicable. Four final ring configurations are included.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units of inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this practice.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2009
• ICS: 83.140.10 - Films and sheets
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.18 - Reinforced Thermosetting Plastics

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D2291-03 - Standard Practice for Fabrication of Ring Test Specimens for Glass-Resin Composites
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D7745-19 - Standard Practice for Testing Pultruded Composites
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2009

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D2291 − 09
StandardPractice for
Fabrication of Ring Test Specimens for Glass-Resin
1
Composites
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2291; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms which apply to this practice, see
1.1 This practice is intended for use in the fabrication of
Terminology D883.
ring-type test specimens to be used in the evaluation of the
mechanical properties of reinforcement and resins in a com-
4. Significance and Use
posite structure. The practice outlines the steps in the prepara-
tion of the test specimens, including the final specimen
4.1 This practice provides a uniform procedure for fabricat-
machining where applicable. Four final ring configurations are
ing glass fiber/thermoset resin ring samples for use as test
included.
specimens.SpecimenssopreparedcanbeusedinTestMethods
D2290 and D2344/D2344M.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units of inch-pound units
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
5. Apparatus
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
5.1 Winding Machine—The winding machine may consist
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
of any adequate superstructure for mounting impregnated
with the standard.
reinforcement or components for application of resin to the
reinforcement, tensioning the reinforcement, and collecting the
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
wetted, tensioned material on a mold or mandrel of the desired
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
size.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.2 Tension Measuring System—Any device suitable for
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
measurement of the tension applied to the wetted reinforce-
ment. The device shall be capable of measuring the tension
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this practice.
accurately to within 65%.
2. Referenced Documents
5.3 The single-ring fabrication mold on which the wetted
2
reinforcementiscollectedshallbeconstructedasshowninFig.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1. For cylinder fabrication from which rings are to be cut, a
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
mandrel with the proper diameter fitted to a suitable winding
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
machine shall be used to collect the wetted reinforcement. The
D2290 Test Method for Apparent Hoop Tensile Strength of
surfacesofthemoldormandrelthatcontacttheringspecimens
Plastic or Reinforced Plastic Pipe
shall be coated or otherwise treated to prevent sticking of the
D2344/D2344M Test Method for Short-Beam Strength of
ring or cylinder in the mold or on the mandrel.
PolymerMatrixCompositeMaterialsandTheirLaminates
5.4 Curing Ovens—Ovens having adequate range in tem-
perature to produce a fully cured specimen shall be available
for use. Control of the curing-postcuring temperatures to
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and
within 69°F (65°C) is required.
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.18 on Reinforced Thermosetting
Plastics.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2009. Published September 2009. Originally
6. Storage and Conditioning of Components
approved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D2291 - 03. DOI:
10.1520/D2291-09.
6.1 Glassrovingsandyarnsforuseinfabricationofringtest
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
specimens shall be stored in a dry place, not subject to
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
temperature extremes, or as specified by the glass producer.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Prior to use, the rovings shall be conditioned in accordance
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2291 − 09
FIG. 1 Suggested Single-Ring Mold
with ProcedureAof Practice D618, which requires 40 hours at 7.1.4 Level-Winding—Pass the wetted reinforcement
23°C 6 2°C and a 50 % relative humidity 610 %. through a level-winding guide and onto the mold. The guide
shall be geared to the mold or mandrel or
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2291 − 09 D2291 − 09
Standard Practice for
Fabrication of Ring Test Specimens for Glass-Resin
1
Composites
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2291; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice is intended for use in the fabrication of ring-type test specimens to be used in the evaluation of the mechanical
properties of reinforcement and resins in a composite structure. The practice outlines the steps in the preparation of the test
specimens, including the final specimen machining where applicable. Four final ring configurations are included.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units of inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this practice.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D2290 Test Method for Apparent Hoop Tensile Strength of Plastic or Reinforced Plastic Pipe
D2344/D2344M Test Method for Short-Beam Strength of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials and Their Laminates
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms which apply to this practice, see Terminology D883.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This practice provides a uniform procedure for fabricating glass fiber/thermoset resin ring samples for use as test specimens.
Specimens so prepared can be used in Test Methods D2290 and D2344/D2344M.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Winding Machine—The winding machine may consist of any adequate superstructure for mounting impregnated
reinforcement or components for application of resin to the reinforcement, tensioning the reinforcement, and collecting the wetted,
tensioned material on a mold or mandrel of the desired size.
5.2 Tension Measuring System—Any device suitable for measurement of the tension applied to the wetted reinforcement. The
device shall be capable of measuring the tension accurately to within 65 %.
5.3 The single-ring fabrication mold on which the wetted reinforcement is collected shall be constructed as shown in Fig. 1. For
cylinder fabrication from which rings are to be cut, a mandrel with the proper diameter fitted to a suitable winding machine shall
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.18 on Reinforced Thermosetting Plastics.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2009. Published September 2009. Originally approved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D2291 - 03. DOI:
10.1520/D2291-09.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2291 − 09
FIG. 1 Suggested Single-Ring Mold
be used to collect the wetted reinforcement. The surfaces of the mold or mandrel that contact the ring specimens shall be coated
or otherwise treated to prevent sticking of the ring or cylinder in the mold or on the mandrel.
5.4 Curing Ovens—Ovens having adequate range in temperature to produce a fully cured specimen shall be available for use.
Control of the curing-postcuring temperatures to within 69°F (65°C) is required.
6. Storage and Conditioning of Components
6.1 Glass rovings and yarns for use in fabrication of ring test specimens shall be stored in a dry place, not subject to temperature
extremes, or as specified by the glass produ
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D 2291–03 Designation:D 2291–09
Standard Practice for
Fabrication of Ring Test Specimens for Glass-Resin
1
Composites
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2291; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice is intended for use in the fabrication of ring-type test specimens to be used in the evaluation of the mechanical
properties of reinforcement and resins in a composite structure. The practice outlines the steps in the preparation of the test
specimens, including the final specimen machining where applicable. Four final ring configurations are included.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units of inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.practice.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D2290
D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D 2290 Test Method for Apparent Hoop Tensile Strength of Plastic or Reinforced Plastic Pipe by Split Disk Method
D2344
D 2344/D 2344M Test Method for Short-Beam Strength of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials and Their Laminates
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms which apply to this practice, see Terminology D 883.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Thispracticeprovidesauniformprocedureforfabricatingglassfiber/thermosetresinringsamplesforuseastestspecimens.
Specimens so prepared can be used in Test Methods D 2290 and in D2344. D 2344/D 2344M.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Winding Machine—The winding machine may consist of any adequate superstructure for mounting impregnated
reinforcement or components for application of resin to the reinforcement, tensioning the reinforcement, and collecting the wetted,
tensioned material on a mold or mandrel of the desired size.
5.2 Tension Measuring System—Any device suitable for measurement of the tension applied to the wetted reinforcement. The
device shall be capable of measuring the tension accurately to within 65%.
5.3 The single-ring fabrication mold on which the wetted reinforcement is collected shall be constructed as shown in Fig. 1. For
cylinder fabrication from which rings are to be cut, a mandrel with the proper diameter fitted to a suitable winding machine shall
be used to collect the wetted reinforcement. The surfaces of the mold or mandrel that contact the ring specimens shall be coated
or otherwise treated to prevent sticking of the ring or cylinder in the mold or on the mandrel.
1
ThispracticeisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD20onPlasticsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD20.18onReinforcedThermosettingPlastics.
Current edition approved Nov.Sept. 1, 2003.2009. Published January 2004.September 2009. Originally approved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 19982003 as
D2291-98.D 2291 - 03.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,[e-mail]ards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D 2291–09
FIG. 1 Suggested Single-Ring Mold
5.4 Curing Ovens—Ovens having adequate range in temperature to produce a fully cured specimen shall be available for use.
Control of the curing-postcuring temperatures to within 69°F [65°C](65°C) is required.
6. Storage and Conditioning of Components
6.1 Glass rovings and yarns for use in fabrication of ring test specimens shall be stored in a dry place, not subject to temperature
extremes, or as spe
...