ASTM C1199-09
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Measuring the Steady-State Thermal Transmittance of Fenestration Systems Using Hot Box Methods
Standard Test Method for Measuring the Steady-State Thermal Transmittance of Fenestration Systems Using Hot Box Methods
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method details the calibration and testing procedures and necessary additional temperature instrumentation required in applying Test Method C 1363 to measure the thermal transmittance of fenestration systems mounted vertically in the thermal chamber.
4.2 The thermal transmittance of a test specimen is affected by its size and three-dimensional geometry. Care must be exercised when extrapolating to product sizes smaller or larger than the test specimen. Therefore, it is recommended that fenestration systems be tested at the recommended sizes specified in Practice E 1423 or NFRC 100.
Since both temperature and surface heat transfer coefficient conditions affect results, use of recommended conditions will assist in reducing confusion caused by comparing results of tests performed under dissimilar conditions. Standardized test conditions for determining the thermal transmittance of fenestration systems are specified in Practice E 1423 and Section 6.2. The performance of a test specimen measured at standardized test conditions is potentially different than the performance of the same fenestration product when installed in the wall of a building located outdoors. Standardized test conditions often represent extreme summer or winter design conditions, which are potentially different than the average conditions typically experienced by a fenestration product installed in an exterior wall. For the purpose of comparison, it is essential to calibrate with surface heat transfer coefficients on the Calibration Transfer Standard (CTS) which are as close as possible to the conventionally accepted values for building design; however, this procedure can be used at other conditions for research purposes or product development.
Likewise, it would be desirable to have a surround panel that closely duplicates the actual wall where the fenestration system would be installed. Since there are such a wide variety of fenestration system openings in North American residential...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers requirements and guidelines and specifies calibration procedures required for the measurement of the steady-state thermal transmittance of fenestration systems installed vertically in the test chamber. This test method specifies the necessary measurements to be made using measurement systems conforming to Test Method C 1363 for determination of fenestration system thermal transmittance.
Note 1—This test method allows the testing of projecting fenestration products (that is, garden windows, skylights, and roof windows) installed vertically in a surround panel. Current research on skylights, roof windows, and projecting products hopefully will provide additional information that can be added to the next version of this test method so that skylight and roof windows can be tested horizontally or at some angle typical of a sloping roof.
1.2 This test method refers to the thermal transmittance, U of a fenestration system installed vertically in the absence of solar radiation and air leakage effects.
Note 2—The methods described in this document may also be adapted for use in determining the thermal transmittance of sections of building wall, and roof and floor assemblies containing thermal anomalies, which are smaller than the hot box metering area.
1.3 This test method describes how to determine the thermal transmittance, US of a fenestration product (also called test specimen) at well-defined environmental conditions. The thermal transmittance is also a reported test result from Test Method C 1363. If only the thermal transmittance is reported using this test method, the test report must also include a detailed description of the environmental conditions in the thermal chamber during the test as outlined in 10.1.14.
1.4 For rating purposes, this test method also describes how to calculate a standardized thermal transmittance, UST, which can be used to compare test results from labora...
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Designation:C1199–09
Standard Test Method for
Measuring the Steady-State Thermal Transmittance of
1
Fenestration Systems Using Hot Box Methods
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1199; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope transmittance of fenestration products. Although this test
method specifies two methods of calculating the standardized
1.1 This test method covers requirements and guidelines
thermal transmittance, only the standardized thermal transmit-
and specifies calibration procedures required for the measure-
tance result from one method is reported for each test. One
ment of the steady-state thermal transmittance of fenestration
standardized thermal transmittance calculation procedure is the
systems installed vertically in the test chamber. This test
CalibrationTransferStandard(CTS)Methodandanotheristhe
methodspecifiesthenecessarymeasurementstobemadeusing
Area Weighting (AW) Method (see Section 9 for further
measurement systems conforming to Test Method C 1363 for
descriptions of these two methods). The Area Weighting
determination of fenestration system thermal transmittance.
method requires that the surface temperatures on both sides of
NOTE 1—This test method allows the testing of projecting fenestration
the test specimen be directly measured as specified in Practice
products (that is, garden windows, skylights, and roof windows) installed
E 1423 in order to determine the surface heat transfer coeffi-
vertically in a surround panel. Current research on skylights, roof
cients on the fenestration product during the test. The CTS
windows, and projecting products hopefully will provide additional
Method does not use the measured surface temperatures on the
information that can be added to the next version of this test method so
test specimen and instead utilizes the calculation of equivalent
that skylight and roof windows can be tested horizontally or at some angle
typical of a sloping roof.
surfacetemperaturesfromcalibrationdatatodeterminethetest
specimen surface heat transfer coefficients. The AW shall be
1.2 This test method refers to the thermal transmittance, U
used whenever the thermal transmittance, U , is greater than
of a fenestration system installed vertically in the absence of S
2 2
3.4 W/(m ·K) [0.6 Btu/(hr·ft ·°F)], or when the ratio of test
solar radiation and air leakage effects.
specimen projected surface area to wetted (that is, total heat
NOTE 2—The methods described in this document may also be adapted
transfer or developed) surface area on either side of the test
for use in determining the thermal transmittance of sections of building
specimen is less than 0.80. Otherwise the CTS Method shall be
wall, and roof and floor assemblies containing thermal anomalies, which
used to standardize the thermal transmittance results.
are smaller than the hot box metering area.
1.5 Adiscussionoftheterminologyandunderlyingassump-
1.3 Thistestmethoddescribeshowtodeterminethethermal
tions for measuring the thermal transmittance are included.
transmittance, U of a fenestration product (also called test
S
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
specimen) at well-defined environmental conditions. The ther-
standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for
mal transmittance is also a reported test result from Test
information purposes only.
Method C 1363. If only the thermal transmittance is reported
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
using this test method, the test report must also include a
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
detailed description of the environmental conditions in the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
thermal chamber during the test as outlined in 10.1.14.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1.4 For rating purposes, this test method also describes how
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
to calculate a standardized thermal transmittance, U , which
ST
can be used to compare test results from laboratories with
2. Referenced Documents
vastly different thermal chamber configurations, and facilitates
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the comparison to results from computer programs that use
C 168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
standard heat transfer coefficients to determine the thermal
C 177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-
ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of
1
the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeC16onThermal
Insulation and is th
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C1199–00 (Reapproved 2008) Designation:C1199–09
Standard Test Method for
Measuring the Steady-State Thermal Transmittance of
1
Fenestration Systems Using Hot Box Methods
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1199; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers requirements and guidelines and specifies calibration procedures required for the measurement of
the steady-state thermal transmittance of fenestration systems installed vertically in the test chamber. This test method specifies
the necessary measurements to be made using measurement systems conforming to either Test Methods C236, C976, orMethod
C 1363 for determination of fenestration system thermal transmittance.
NOTE 1—This test method allows the testing of projecting fenestration products (that is, garden windows, skylights, and roof windows) installed
vertically in a surround panel. Current research on skylights, roof windows, and projecting products hopefully will provide additional information that
can be added to the next version of this test method so that skylight and roof windows can be tested horizontally or at some angle typical of a sloping
roof.
1.2 This test method refers to the thermal transmittance, U , and the corresponding thermal resistance, R, of a fenestration
system installed vertically in the absence of solar and air leakage effects. of a fenestration system installed vertically in the absence
of solar radiation and air leakage effects.
NOTE 2—The methods described in this document may also be adapted for use in determining the thermal transmittance of sections of building wall,
and roof and floor assemblies containing thermal anomalies, which are smaller than the hot box metering area.
1.3This test method describes how to determine a fenestration product’s (also called test specimen) thermal transmittance,
1.3 This test method describes how to determine the thermal transmittance, U , at well-defined environmental conditions. The
S
thermal transmittance, which is sometimes called the air-to-air U-factor, of a fenestration product (also called test specimen) at
well-defined environmental conditions.The thermal transmittance is also a reported test result fromTest Methods C236, C976, and
Method C 1363. If only the thermal transmittance is reported using this test method, the test report must also include a detailed
description of the environmental conditions in the thermal chamber during the test as outlined in 10.3. 10.1.14.
1.4 For rating purposes, this test method also describes how to calculate a standardized thermal transmittance, U , which can
ST
be used to compare test results from laboratories with vastly different weather side wind directions and thermal chamber
configurations, and can also be used facilitates the comparison to directly compare to calculated results from current computer
programs for determining results from computer programs that use standard heat transfer coefficients to determine the thermal
transmittance of fenestration products. Although this test method specifies two methods of calculating the standardized thermal
transmittance, only the standardized thermal transmittance result from one method is reported for each test. One standardized
thermal transmittance calculation procedure is the Calibration Transfer Standard (CTS) methodMethod and another is the area
weightingArea Weighting (AW) methodMethod (see 4.3 and Section 89 for further descriptions of these two methods). The area
weightingArea Weighting method requires that the surface temperatures on both sides of the test specimen be directly measured
as specified in Practice E 1423 in order to determine the surface heat transfer coefficients on the fenestration product during the
test. The CTS methodMethod does not use the measured surface temperatures on the test specimen and instead utilizes the
calculation of equivalent surface temperatures from calibration data to determine the test specimen surface heat transfer
coefficients. The area weighting (AW) method AW shall be used whenever the thermal transmittance, U , is greater than 3.4
S
2
2 ·K) [0.6 Btu/(hr·ft
W/(m •K) {0.6 Btu/(hr•Ft •°F)},·°F)], or when the ratio of test specimen projected surface area to wetted (that is,
total heat transfer or develo
...
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