ASTM C454-83(2002)

Standard Practice for Disintegration of Carbon Refractories by Alkali

SCOPE
1.1 This practice shows the behavior of carbon refractories when subjected to the action of an alkali at an elevated temperature. This destructive condition as encountered in service is accelerated in the test to show in a short time the probable behavior of the carbon refractory during use.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.3  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Nov-2002
• ICS: 71.100.99 - Other products of the chemical industry
• Technical Committee: C08 - Refractories
• Drafting Committee: C08.04 - Chemical Behaviors

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C454-83(1998) - Standard Practice for Disintegration of Carbon Refractories by Alkali
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2002
• Replaced By: ASTM C454-83(2007) - Standard Practice for Disintegration of Carbon Refractories by Alkali
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2007

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C 454–83(Reapproved 2002)
Standard Practice for
1
Disintegration of Carbon Refractories by Alkali
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 454; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4.2 Two-inch (51-mm) cube specimens are cut from the
shapes to a manner so as to maintain as many of the original
1.1 This practice shows the behavior of carbon refractories
surfaces as possible.
when subjected to the action of an alkali at an elevated
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4.3 A hole ⁄8 in. (22 mm) in diameter and 1 in. (25 mm)
temperature. This destructive condition as encountered in
deep is drilled into the center of one face of each specimen.
service is accelerated in the test to show in a short time the
4.4 Cut a lid from a carbon shape measuring approximately
probable behavior of the carbon refractory during use.
1
2by2by ⁄4 in. (50 by 50 by 6 mm) for each specimen.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided
5. Procedure
for information only.
5.1 Dry the specimens and lids at 220 to 230°F (105 to
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
110°C) for at least 1 h. Place8gofK CO in the hole of each
2 3
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
specimen, and then place a lid over each hole.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.2 Place the prepared specimens in the sagger, using coke
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
breeze as a packing material to prevent oxidation. Maintain a
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
distance of not less than 1 in. (25 mm) between the inner wall
1
2. Significance and Use of the sagger and any specimen, and not less than ⁄4 in. (6
mm) between specimens. Cover the uppermost specimen with
2.1 The disintegration of carbon refractories by alkali attack
a layer of coke breeze at least 1 in. in thickness and place a
at elevated temperatures is an important consideration in using
close-fitting cover on the sagger.The lid may be sealed in place
these materials for certain applications. Disruption of carbon
around the outside of the sagger by the use of air-setting
refractories in the test is sensitive to a number of variables,
refractory mortar.
including alkali concentration, temperature, and the presence
5.3 Heat the sagger assembly in the kiln at a rate not
of water vapor. The procedure is suitable for guidance in
exceeding 360°F (200°C)/h until 1750°F (955°C) is reached;
product development and for relative comparisons in applica-
maintain that temperature within 615°F (8.5°C) for 5 h.
tion work such as in blast furnace service.
5.4 During the cooling period, remove the specimens from
3. Apparatus and Materials the sagger before they reach 210°F (100°C) and store, until
examined and photographed, in a desiccator or drying oven
3.1 Sagger— A sagger, and coke breeze passing a No. 4
operating at 220 to 230°F (105 to 110°C).
(4.75-mm) sieve.
3.2 Kiln—The kiln shall be capable of maintaining the
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