ASTM F2476-20

Standard Test Method for the Determination of Carbon Dioxide Gas Transmission Rate (CO<inf >2</inf>TR) Through Barrier Materials Using an Infrared Detector

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Carbon dioxide gas transmission rate (CO2TR) is an important determinant of the packaging protection afforded by barrier materials. It is not, however, the sole determinant, and additional tests, based on experience, must be used to correlate packaging performance with CO2TR. It is suitable as a referee method of testing, provided that purchaser and seller have agreed on sampling procedures, standardization procedures, test conditions and acceptance criteria.
SCOPE
1.1 This method covers a procedure for determination of the steady-state rate of transmission of carbon dioxide gas through plastics in the form of film, sheeting, laminates, coextrusions, or plastic-coated papers or fabrics. It provides for the determination of (1) carbon dioxide gas transmission rate (CO2TR), (2) the permeance of the film to carbon dioxide gas (PCO2), and (3) carbon dioxide permeability coefficient (P’CO2) in the case of homogeneous materials.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-May-2020
• ICS: 71.100.20 - Gases for industrial application
• Technical Committee: F02 - Primary Barrier Packaging
• Drafting Committee: F02.10 - Permeation

Relations

• Referred By: ASTM F2097-20 - Standard Guide for Design and Evaluation of Primary Flexible Packaging for Medical Products
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2020

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F2476 − 20
Standard Test Method for
the Determination of Carbon Dioxide Gas Transmission Rate
(CO TR) Through Barrier Materials Using an Infrared
2
1
Detector
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2476; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 Thismethodcoversaprocedurefordeterminationofthe 3.1 Definitions:
steady-state rate of transmission of carbon dioxide gas through 3.1.1 carbon dioxide permeability coeffıcient (P’CO )—the
2
plastics in the form of film, sheeting, laminates, coextrusions, product of the permeance and the thickness of film. The
or plastic-coated papers or fabrics. It provides for the determi- permeabilityismeaningfulonlyforhomogeneousmaterials,in
nation of (1) carbon dioxide gas transmission rate (CO TR), which case it is a property characteristic of the bulk material.
2
(2) the permeance of the film to carbon dioxide gas (PCO ), This quantity should not be used unless the relationship
2
and (3) carbon dioxide permeability coefficient (P’CO)inthe between thickness and permeance has been verified on tests
2
case of homogeneous materials. using several different thicknesses of the material. The SI unit
of carbon dioxide permeability is the mol/(m·s·Pa). The test
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
conditions (see 3.1.3) must be stated.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 3.1.2 carbon dioxide permeance (PCO )—the ratio of the
2
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- CO TR to the difference between the partial pressure of CO
2
2
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. on the two sides of the film. The SI unit of permeance is the
2
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor- mol/(m ·s·Pa). The test conditions (see 3.1.3) must be stated.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1.3 carbon dioxide transmission rate(CO TR)—thequan-
2
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
tity of carbon dioxide gas passing through a unit area of the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
parallel surfaces of a plastic film per unit time under the
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
conditions of the test. The SI unit of transmission rate is the
2
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
mol/(m ·s). The test conditions, including temperature and
carbon dioxide partial pressure on both sides of the film, must
2. Referenced Documents
be stated.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.3.1 Discussion—A commonly used metric unit of
2
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
CO TR is the cc(STP)/(m ·day) at one atmosphere driving
2
ASTM Test Methods
force pressure differential where: 1 cc(STP) is 44.62 µmol, 1
3
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
atm is 0.1013 MPa, and one day is 86.4 × 10 s. CO TR in SI
2
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
units is obtained by multiplying the value in metric units by
-10 3
5.164×10 orthevalueininch-poundunitscm (STP) ⁄ (100
2 -9
in. · day) by 8.004 × 10 .
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The carbon dioxide gas transmission rate is determined
after the sample has equilibrated in a dry-test environment. In
1
This test method is under jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F02 on Primary
this context, a “dry” environment is considered to be one in
Barrier Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F02.10 on
Permeation.
which the relative humidity is less than 1 %.
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2020.PublishedJuly2020.Originallyapproved
4.2 The specimen is mounted as a sealed semi-barrier
in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as F2476 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/
F2476-20.
between two chambers at ambient atmospheric pressure. One
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
chamberisslowlypurgedbyastreamofnitrogenandtheother
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
chamberwithcarbondioxide.Ascarbondioxidegaspermeates
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. through the film into the nitrogen carrier gas, it is transported
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F2476 − 13 F2476 − 20
Standard Test Method for
the Determination of Carbon Dioxide Gas Transmission Rate
(CO TR) Through Barrier Materials Using Anan Infrared
2
1
Detector
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2476; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This method covers a procedure for determination of the steady-state rate of transmission of carbon dioxide gas through
plastics in the form of film, sheeting, laminates, coextrusions, or plastic-coated papers or fabrics. It provides for the determination
of (1)(1) carbon dioxide gas transmission rate (CO TR), (2)(2) the permeance of the film to carbon dioxide gas (P’CO(PCO ) ,
2 2
), and (3)(3) carbon dioxide permeability coefficient (P”CO(P’CO ) in the case of homogeneous materials.
2
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
D1898 Practice for Sampling of Plastics (Withdrawn 1998)
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1
This test method is under jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F02 on FlexiblePrimary Barrier Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F02.10 on
Permeation.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2013June 1, 2020. Published February 2014July 2020. Originally approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 20052013 as
F2476-05. DOI: 10.1520/F2476-13. – 13. DOI: 10.1520/F2476-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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F2476 − 20
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 carbon dioxide permeability coeffıcient (P”CO(P’CO )—the product of the permeance and the thickness of film. The
2
permeability is meaningful only for homogeneous materials, in which case it is a property characteristic of the bulk material. This
quantity should not be used unless the relationship between thickness and permeance has been verified on tests using several
different thicknesses of the material. The SI unit of carbon dioxide permeability is the mol/m·s·Pa.mol/(m·s·Pa). The test conditions
(see 3.1.3) must be stated.
3.1.2 carbon dioxide permeance (P’CO(PCO )—the ratio of the CO TR to the difference between the partial pressure of CO
2 2 2
2
on the two sides of the film. The SI unit of permeance is the mol/(m ·s·Pa). The test conditions (see 3.1.3) must be stated.
3.1.3 carbon dioxide transmission rate (CO TR)—Thethe quantity of carbon dioxide gas passing through a unit area of the
2
2
parallel surfaces of a plastic film per unit time under the conditions of the test. The SI unit of transmission rate is the mol/(m ·s).
The test conditions, including temperature and carbon dioxide partial pressure on both sides of the film, must be stated.
3.1.3.1 Discussion—
2
A commonly used metric unit of CO TR is the cc(STP)/(m ·day) at one atmosphere driving force pressure differential where: 1
2
3
cc(STP) is 44.62 μmol.μmol, 1 atm is 0.1013 MPa.MPa, and one day is 86.4 x× 10 s. CO TR in SI units is obtained by multiplying
2
-10 3 2 -9
the value in metric units by 5.164 x× 10 or the value in inch-pound units cm (STP) ⁄ (100 in. · day) by 8.004 x× 10 .
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The carbon dioxide gas transmission rate is determined after the sample has equilibrated in a dry-test environment. In
...