ASTM F1720-06(2011)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Measuring Thermal Insulation of Sleeping Bags Using a Heated Manikin
Standard Test Method for Measuring Thermal Insulation of Sleeping Bags Using a Heated Manikin
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method can be used to quantify and compare the insulation provided by sleeping bags or sleeping bag systems. It can be used for material and design evaluations.
The measurement of the insulation provided by clothing (see Test Method F1291) and sleeping bags is complex and dependent on the apparatus and techniques used. It is not practical in a test method of this scope to establish details sufficient to cover all contingencies. Departures from the instructions in this test method may lead to significantly different test results. Technical knowledge concerning the theory of heat transfer, temperature and air motion measurement, and testing practices is needed to evaluate which departures from the instructions given in this test method are significant. Standardization of the method reduces, but does not eliminate, the need for such technical knowledge. Any departures should be reported with the results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the insulation value of a sleeping bag or sleeping bag system. It measures the resistance to dry heat transfer from a constant skin temperature manikin to a relatively cold environment. This is a static test that generates reproducible results, but the manikin cannot simulate real life sleeping conditions relating to some human and environmental factors, examples of which are listed in the introduction.
1.2 The insulation values obtained apply only to the sleeping bag, as tested, and for the specified thermal and environmental conditions of each test, particularly with respect to air movement past the manikin.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: F1720 − 06(Reapproved 2011) An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Thermal Insulation of Sleeping Bags Using a
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Heated Manikin
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1720; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Sleeping bags are used by people in outdoor environments to insulate them from the cold (that is,
reduce their body heat loss to the environment). Sleeping bags often are used with ground pads and
clothing inside tents that provide additional protection from the environment. The amount of
insulation needed in a sleeping bag depends upon the air temperature and a number of other
environmental factors (for example, wind speed, radiant temperature, moisture in the air), human
factors(forexample,aperson’smetabolicheatproductionthatisaffectedbygender,age,fitnesslevel,
bodytype,size,position,andmovement),andphysicalfactors(forexample,amountofbodycoverage
and the quality of the insulating materials). The insulation value, expressed in clo units, can be used
tocharacterizesleepingbagsandsleepingbagsystems.Insulationvaluescanbeusedinbodyheatloss
models to predict the temperature ratings for comfort.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
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1.1 This test method covers determination of the insulation 2.1 ASTM Standards:
valueofasleepingbagorsleepingbagsystem.Itmeasuresthe F1291TestMethodforMeasuringtheThermalInsulationof
resistancetodryheattransferfromaconstantskintemperature Clothing Using a Heated Manikin
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manikin to a relatively cold environment. This is a static test 2.2 ISO Standards:
that generates reproducible results, but the manikin cannot ISO 135372002 Requirements for Sleeping Bags
simulate real life sleeping conditions relating to some human ISO 15831 2004 Clothing—Physiological Effects—
and environmental factors, examples of which are listed in the Measurement of Thermal Insulation by Means of a Ther-
introduction. mal Manikin
1.2 The insulation values obtained apply only to the sleep-
3. Terminology
ing bag, as tested, and for the specified thermal and environ-
3.1 Definitions:
mental conditions of each test, particularly with respect to air
3.1.1 auxiliary products, n—items used with a sleeping bag
movement past the manikin.
to create a sleeping bag system such as clothing, ground pad,
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
and bivy sack.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.2 clo, n—unit of thermal resistance (insulation) equal to
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
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0.155°C·m /W.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.2.1 Discussion—Aheavymen’sbusinesssuitprovides1
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
clo of insulation.
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This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F08 on Sports For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
EquipmentandFacilitiesandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeF08.22on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Camping Softgoods. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2011. Published February 2012. Originally the ASTM website.
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approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as F1720–06. DOI: Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
10.1520/F1720-06R11. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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F1720 − 06 (2011)
3.1.3 dry heat loss, n—heat transferred from the body 6.1.1 Size and Shape—Construct the manikin to simulate
surface to a cooler environment by means of conduction, the body of a human being, that is, construct a head, chest/
convection, and radiation.
back, abdomen/buttocks, arms, hands, legs, and feet. Total
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surface area shall be 1.8 6 0.3 m , and height shall be 180 6
3.1.4 manikin, n—a life-size model of the human body with
10 cm. Any departures from this description should be re-
a surface temperature similar to that of a human being.
ported.
3.1.5 sleeping bag, n—a structure made of down, synthetic
6.1.2 Surface Temperature—Construct the manikin so as to
fiberfill, shell fabrics, or other materials, or a combination
thereof, that is designed for people to use for thermal protec- maintain a constant temperature distribution over the entire
tion when sleeping (for example, outdoors, tent, cabin). nude body surface with no
...
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