ASTM D4151-10

Standard Test Method for Flammability of Blankets

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method for the determination of the flammability of blankets is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of blankets since this test method has been used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing.
This test method is used to evaluate electric blanket fabric, but tests should be performed on the fabric itself without the resistance heating wires inserted.
All fabrics made of natural or regenerated cellulose, as well as many made from other natural or synthetic fibers, are combustible. Some combustible fabrics when used for blankets are potentially dangerous to the user because of the ease of ignition, rapidity, and intensity of burning. The first characteristic can be judged with the aid of the flammability tester.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides a means to identify blanket fabrics which ignite easily and propagate flame across the surface.
1.2 This test method specifies the procedures described in the “Voluntary Blanket Flammability Standard” which has been used by the blanket industry in the United States since 1972.
1.3 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
Note 1—This test method is not identical to 16 CFR Part 1610, Flammability of Clothing Textiles. Consumer Product Safety Commission regulations require that fabrics introduced into commerce meet the requirements of 16 CFR Part 1610.
1.4 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Jun-2010
• ICS: 13.220.40 - Ignitability and burning behaviour of materials and products
• ICS: 97.160 - Home textiles. Linen
• Technical Committee: D13 - Textiles
• Drafting Committee: D13.52 - Flammability

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D4151-92(2001) - Standard Test Method for Flammability of Blankets (Withdrawn 2010)
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D7023-06(2018) - Standard Terminology Relating to Home Furnishings
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D5432-12(2019) - Standard Performance Specification for Blanket Products for Institutional and Household Use
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D4151 − 10
Standard Test Method for
1
Flammability of Blankets
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4151; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D3411 Test Method for Flammability of Textile Materials
3
(Withdrawn 1981)
1.1 This test method provides a means to identify blanket
2.2 Federal Specification:
fabrics which ignite easily and propagate flame across the
4
NNN-P-40b
surface.
1.2 This test method specifies the procedures described in 3. Terminology
the “Voluntary Blanket Flammability Standard” which has
3.1 Definitions:
been used by the blanket industry in the United States since
3.1.1 blanket, n—for bedding, an unquilted fabric covering
1972.
designed primarily to provide thermal insulation.
1.3 This standard is used to measure and describe the 3.1.1.1 Discussion—Blankets may be made by any textile
response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and process from various types of fibers and may or may not have
flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself a raised fiber surface. Construction may be woven, knitted,
incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk flocked, or nonwoven.
assessment of the materials, products or assemblies under 3.1.1.2 Discussion—Electric blankets include resistance
actual fire conditions. heating wires and can provide heat as well as thermal insula-
NOTE 1—This test method is not identical to 16 CFR Part 1610,
tion.
Flammability of ClothingTextiles. Consumer Product Safety Commission
3.1.2 flammability, n—those characteristics of a material
regulations require that fabrics introduced into commerce meet the
that pertain to its relative ease of ignition and relative ability to
requirements of 16 CFR Part 1610.
sustain combustion.
1.4 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safe-
guards for personnel and property shall be employed in
NOTE 2—In this test, evidence of ignition is shown by discoloration,
charring, or burning of the paper monitor.
conducting these tests.
3.1.3 ignition, n—initiation of combustion.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2 For definitions of other textile terms used in this test
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
method, refer to Terminology D123.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4. Summary of Test Method
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 Specimens cut from the blanket fabric are prepared by
2. Referenced Documents
brushing if they have a raised fiber surface and by drying. The
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
dried specimen is held in a special apparatus, a standardized
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
flame is applied to the surface for a specified time under
D1230 Test Method for Flammability of Apparel Textiles
controlled conditions, and burning, charring, or discoloration
3
(Withdrawn 2010)
of a paper monitor is noted. Two classes of flammability are
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
described.
4.1.1 A burn of sufficient intensity to discolor a paper
monitor in specified contact with the surface of the test
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textiles
specimen indicates ignition of the blanket surface (see 11.4.1).
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.52 on Flammability.
Current edition approved June 15, 2010. Published August 2010. Originally
published as D4151 – 82. Discontinued January 2010 and reinstated as D4151 – 10. 5. Significance and Use
DOI: 10.1520/D4151-10 .
2 5.1 This test method for the determination of the flamma-
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM bility of blankets is considered satisfactory for acceptance
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3 4
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg.4SectionD,700
www.astm.org. Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D4151 − 10
NOTE 3—Aflammability tester made for use in Test Method D1230 has
testing of commercial shipments of blankets since this test
to be modified when used with Test Method D4151 by changing the
method has been used extensively in the trade for acc
...