ASTM D1208-96

Standard Test Methods for Common Properties of Certain Pigments

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for determining certain properties of pigments. The procedures appear in the following order:Dry PigmentsSectionsLoss on Ignition and Ash4Matter Soluble in Water5Hydrogen Ion Concentration (pH Value)6Alkalinity or Acidity by Titration7 and 8Water Content (Distillation Method)9 and 10Pigment Pastes in OilWater Content (Distillation Method) 9 and 10Pigment Content of Paste in Oil11Total Volatile Matter in Paste in Oil12
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Nov-1996
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.31 - Pigment Specifications

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D1208-96(2002) - Standard Test Methods for Common Properties of Certain Pigments
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1996
• Referred By: ASTM D3724-01(2019) - Standard Specification for Synthetic Brown Iron Oxide Pigment
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1996
• Referred By: ASTM D3721-05(2019) - Standard Specification for Synthetic Red Iron Oxide Pigment
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1996
• Referred By: ASTM D768-01(2019) - Standard Specification for Yellow Iron Oxide Hydrated
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1996
• Referred By: ASTM D83-84(2020) - Standard Specification for Red Lead Pigment
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1996
• Referred By: ASTM D605-82(2019) - Standard Specification for Magnesium Silicate Pigment (Talc)
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1996
• Referred By: ASTM D49-83(2020) - Standard Test Methods of Chemical Analysis of Red Lead
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1996
• Referred By: ASTM D769-01(2019) - Standard Specification for Black Synthetic Iron Oxide
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1996
• Referred By: ASTM D210-05(2023) - Standard Specification for Bone Black Pigment
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1996
• Referred By: ASTM D718-86(2020) - Standard Test Methods for Analysis of Aluminum Silicate Pigment
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1996
• Referred By: ASTM D81-87(2020) - Standard Specification for Basic Carbonate White Lead Pigment
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1996
• Referred By: ASTM D283-13(2019) - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Cuprous Oxide and Copper Pigments
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1996
• Referred By: ASTM D602-81(2019) - Standard Specification for Barium Sulfate Pigments
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1996
• Referred By: ASTM D5146-10(2019) - Standard Guide to Testing Solvent-Borne Architectural Coatings
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1996
• Referred By: ASTM C979/C979M-16 - Standard Specification for Pigments for Integrally Colored Concrete
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1996

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 1208 – 96
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Test Methods for
Common Properties of Certain Pigments
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1208; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope LOSS ON IGNITION AND ASH
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for determining
4. Procedure
certain properties of pigments. The procedures appear in the
4.1 Dry about5gofthe sample at 105 6 2°C for 2 h.
following order:
Transfer about1gofthe dried pigment, weighed to 0.1 mg, to
Dry Pigments Sections
a previously ignited, weighed porcelain crucible, and ignite at
Loss on Ignition and Ash 4
900 to 1000°C for 20 min. Cool in a desiccator and weigh. Heat
Matter Soluble in Water 5
again for 10 min at 900 to 1000°C to check the loss in weight.
Hydrogen Ion Concentration (pH 6
4.2 Calculation—Calculate the percent of loss on ignition,
Value)
Alkalinity or Acidity by Titration 7 and 8
L, and of ash, A, as follows:
Water Content (Distillation Method) 9 and 10
L
w
L 5 3 100 (1)
Pigment Pastes in Oil
S
W
Water Content (Distillation Method) 9 and 10 a
A 5 3 100
S D
Pigment Content of Paste in Oil 11 S
Total Volatile Matter in Paste in Oil 12
where:
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
L 5 loss in weight on ignition, g,
w
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
A 5 ash, %,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
W 5 weight of ash, g, and
a
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
S 5 specimen weight, g.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
MATTER SOLUBLE IN WATER
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Procedure (Note 1)
D 95 Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products and
5.1 Weigh about 10 g of the sample to 1 mg, and place in a
Bituminous Materials by Distillation
400-mL beaker. Add 100 mL of water (Note 2), boil for 5 min
D 280 Test Methods for Hygroscopic Moisture (and Other
cool, and transfer quantitatively to a 250-mL volumetric flask.
Matter Volatile Under the Test Conditions) in Pigments
Dilute with water to 250 mL, mix, and allow to settle. Filter the
D 1135 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Blue Pig-
supernatant liquid through a dry paper (Note 3) and discard the
ments
first 25 mL. Evaporate 100 mL of the clear filtrate to dryness
E 70 Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions with the
in a weighed flatbottom dish, preferably in an oven at 105 6
Glass Electrode
2°C. Cool and weigh.
3. Significance and Use
NOTE 1—This test method is not suitable for use with iron blue
pigment. Use the conductivity method given in Test Methods D 1135.
3.1 This collection of test methods is used by pigment
NOTE 2—If the pigment is found to be strongly water-repellent, wet the
producers and paint manufacturers for process control, for
sample with a small amount of alcohol or carry out a preliminary washing
product acceptance, and for research and development.
with chloroform.
NOTE 3—Water-dispersible pigments must be filtered with a suitable
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-1 on Paint
filter pad or the method may not be applicable.
and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications, and are the direct responsibility
5.2 Calculation—Calculate the percent of matter soluble in
of Subcommittee D01.31 on Pigment Specifications.
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 1996. Published January 1997. Originally
water, M, as follows:
e1
published as D 1208 – 52 T. Last previous edition D 1208 – 84 (1989) .
2 R 3 2.5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
M 5 3 100 (2)
S
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.03.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.05.
D 1208
10. Procedure (Note 5 and Note 6)
where:
R 5 residue weight, g, and
1 10.1 Place 50 g of the sample in the flask and add 100 mL
S 5 specimen weight, g.
2 of toluene or of petroleum solvent having a boiling point
between 110 and 120°C. Mix well. Add more solvent, if
HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION (pH VALUE)
necessary, to cover the pigment.
10.2 Rinse the inner tube of the condenser with a little
6. Procedure
toluene or petroleum solvent just before starting the distilla-
6.1 Determine hydrogen ion concentration in accordance
tion, so as to wet the inner surface completely. Distill at a
with either of the following methods:
moderate rate until the volume of condensed water no longer
6.1.1 Electrometric Method (Preferred Procedure)—Weigh
increases (about 3 h). If any water is lodged in the condenser
about5gofthe sample to 10 mg, place in a 150-mL beaker,
tube at the end of the test, wash it down with solvent or with
and add 50 g of warm distilled water, freshly boiled to remove
a brush wetted with solvent.
carbon dioxide. Mix well by means of a glass rod and cool to
10.3 Calculation—Calculate the weight percent of water,
25°C. Measure the pH of the mixture in accordanc
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