ASTM D6709-24

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence VIII Spark-Ignition Engine (CLR Oil Test Engine)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used to evaluate automotive engine oils for protection of engines against bearing weight loss.  
5.2 This test method is also used to evaluate the SIG capabilities of multiviscosity-graded oils.  
5.3 Correlation of test results with those obtained in automotive service has not been established.  
5.4 Use—The Sequence VIII test method is useful for engine oil specification acceptance. It is used in specifications and classifications of engine lubricating oils, such as the following:  
5.4.1 Specification D4485.  
5.4.2 API Publication 1509 Engine Oil Licensing and Certification System.7  
5.4.3 SAE Classification J304.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of automotive engine oils (SAE grades 0W, 5W, 10W, 20, 30, 40, and 50, and multi-viscosity grades) intended for use in spark-ignition gasoline engines. The test procedure is conducted using a carbureted, spark-ignition Cooperative Lubrication Research (CLR) Oil Test Engine (also referred to as the Sequence VIII test engine in this test method) run on unleaded fuel. An oil is evaluated for its ability to protect the engine and the oil from deterioration under high-temperature and severe service conditions. The test method can also be used to evaluate the viscosity stability of multi-viscosity-graded oils. Companion test methods used to evaluate engine oil performance for specification requirements are discussed in the latest revision of Specification D4485.  
1.2 Correlation of test results with those obtained in automotive service has not been established. Furthermore, the results obtained in this test are not necessarily indicative of results that will be obtained in a full-scale automotive spark-ignition or compression-ignition engine, or in an engine operated under conditions different from those of the test. The test can be used to compare one oil with another.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3.1 Exceptions—The values stated in inch-pounds for certain tube measurements, screw thread specifications, and sole source supply equipment are to be regarded as standard.
1.3.1.1 The bearing wear in the text is measured in grams and described as weight loss, a non-SI term.  
1.4 This test method is arranged as follows:    
Subject  
Section  
Introduction  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Summary of Test Method  
4  
Before Test Starts  
4.1  
Power Section Installation  
4.2  
Engine Operation (Break-in)  
4.3  
Engine Operation (Test/Samples)  
4.4  
Stripped Viscosity  
4.5  
Test Completion (BWL)  
4.6  
Significance and Use  
5  
Evaluation of Automotive oils  
5.1  
Stay in Grade Capabilities  
5.2  
Correlation of Results  
5.3  
Use  
5.4  
Apparatus  
6  
Test Engineering, Inc.  
6.1  
Fabricated or Specially Prepared Items  
6.2  
Instruments and Controls  
6.3  
Procurement of Parts  
6.4  
Reagents and Materials  
7  
Reagents  
7.1  
Cleaning Materials  
7.2  
Expendable Power Section-Related Items  
7.3  
Power Section Coolant  
7.4  
Reference Oils  
7.5  
Test Fuel  
7.6  
Test Oil Sample Requirements  
8  
Selection  
8.1  
Inspection  
8.2  
Quantity  
8.3  
Preparation of Apparatus  
9  
Test Stand Preparation  
9.1  
Conditioning Test Run on Power Section  
9.2  
General Power Section Rebuild Instructions  
9.3  
Reconditioning of Power Section After Each Test  
9.4  
Calibration  
10  
Power Section and Test Stand Calibration  
10.1  
Instrumentation Calibration  
10.2  
Calibration of AFR Measurement Equipment  
10.3  
Calibration of Torque Wrenches  
10.4  
Engin...

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 29-Feb-2024
• ICS: 75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.B0.01 - Passenger Car Engine Oils

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D6709-23 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence VIII Spark-Ignition Engine (CLR Oil Test Engine)
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024
• Refers: ASTM D445-24 - Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2024
• Refers: ASTM D2700-24 - Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024
• Refers: ASTM D2699-24 - Standard Test Method for Research Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024
• Refers: ASTM D86-23ae1 - Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2023
• Refers: ASTM D2699-23b - Standard Test Method for Research Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM D445-23 - Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM D2700-23b - Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM D86-23 - Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2023
• Refers: ASTM D3231-18 - Standard Test Method for Phosphorus in Gasoline
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2018
• Referred By: ASTM D6022-19 - Standard Practice for Calculation of Permanent Shear Stability Index
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024
• Referred By: ASTM D4485-22e1 - Standard Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine Oils
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024

Overview

ASTM D6709-24 is a globally recognized standard published by ASTM International, focusing on the evaluation of automotive engine oils in the Sequence VIII Spark-Ignition Engine, also known as the CLR Oil Test Engine. This test method is designed specifically to assess the ability of engine oils, including single- and multi-viscosity grades (such as SAE 0W to 50), to protect spark-ignition gasoline engines under high-temperature and severe service conditions. The method addresses the oil’s effectiveness in minimizing bearing weight loss, as well as evaluating the viscosity stability (stay-in-grade capabilities) of multi-viscosity-graded oils.

The test is conducted under tightly controlled laboratory conditions using unleaded fuel and includes strictly defined protocols for engine operation, oil sampling, and determination of bearing wear. Although there is no established direct correlation to real-world automotive service results, ASTM D6709-24 is widely used in the engine oil industry for specification acceptance, classification, and comparison of oil performance.

Key Topics

• Engine Bearing Protection: The standard measures the protection provided by engine oils against bearing weight loss, an indicator of wear and durability.
• Viscosity Stability: Evaluation of stay-in-grade (SIG) capabilities for multiviscosity oils determines if the oil maintains its viscosity under harsh conditions.
• Sequence VIII Test Procedure: The protocol outlines preparations, operating conditions, oil sampling intervals, and post-test evaluations in the Sequence VIII spark-ignition test engine.
• Laboratory Calibration and Reproducibility: Use of reference oils and calibrated test stands, often monitored through the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC), ensures consistency and comparability of results.
• Evaluation Scope: Results are primarily used for comparison between oils and acceptance testing against established automotive engine oil specifications.

Applications

ASTM D6709-24 is essential in several key areas of the automotive engine oils industry:

• Engine Oil Specification Acceptance: Frequently referenced in oil qualification processes, enabling oil manufacturers to demonstrate compliance with industry standards.
• Research and Development: Used by formulators and researchers to develop new engine oil blends that offer improved protection and performance under severe service conditions.
• Quality Control: Enables oil producers and testing labs to monitor batch-to-batch consistency and ensure products meet performance requirements.
• Regulatory and Industry Compliance: Referenced in major industry specifications, including:
  • ASTM D4485 - Standard Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine Oils
  • API Publication 1509 - Engine Oil Licensing and Certification System
  • SAE Classification J304 - Engine Oil Tests

Related Standards

ASTM D6709-24 is one of several standards involved in the evaluation and specification of engine oils and fuels. Commonly referenced related standards include:

• ASTM D4485: Specification for the performance of active API service category engine oils.
• API Publication 1509: Guidelines for engine oil licensing and certification.
• SAE J304: Standard for engine oil classification and testing.
• ASTM D86, D445, D4052: Methods for fuel and oil property analysis (distillation, viscosity, density).
• ASTM D1319, D2699, D2700: Fuel composition and octane assessment standards.

Keywords: ASTM D6709-24, automotive engine oils, Sequence VIII test, spark-ignition engine, CLR Oil Test Engine, engine oil testing, viscosity stability, bearing wear, stay-in-grade, reference oils, oil specification acceptance, engine oil classification, API, SAE, ASTM standards.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6709 − 24
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence VIII
Spark-Ignition Engine (CLR Oil Test Engine)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6709; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This test method is written for use by laboratories that utilize the portions of the test method that
refer to ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) services (see Annex A1). Laboratories that choose not
to use the TMC services may simply disregard these portions.
The TMC provides reference oils, and engineering and statistical services to laboratories that desire
to produce test results that are statistically similar to those produced by laboratories previously
calibrated by the TMC.
In general, the Test Purchaser decides if a calibrated test stand is to be used. An organization such
as the American Chemistry Council require that a laboratory use the TMC services as part of their test
registration process. In addition, the American Petroleum Institute requires that a laboratory utilize the
TMC services in seeking qualification of oil against its specifications.
NOTE 1—The advantage of using the TMC services to calibrate test stands is that the test laboratory (and hence the
Test Purchaser) has an assurance that the test stand was operating at the proper level of test severity. It should also be
borne in mind that results obtained in a non calibrated test stand may not be the same as those obtained in a test stand
participating in the ASTM TMC services process.
1. Scope* 1.2 Correlation of test results with those obtained in auto-
motive service has not been established. Furthermore, the
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of automotive
results obtained in this test are not necessarily indicative of
engine oils (SAE grades 0W, 5W, 10W, 20, 30, 40, and 50, and
results that will be obtained in a full-scale automotive spark-
multi-viscosity grades) intended for use in spark-ignition
ignition or compression-ignition engine, or in an engine
gasoline engines. The test procedure is conducted using a
operated under conditions different from those of the test. The
carbureted, spark-ignition Cooperative Lubrication Research
test can be used to compare one oil with another.
(CLR) Oil Test Engine (also referred to as the Sequence VIII
test engine in this test method) run on unleaded fuel. An oil is
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
evaluated for its ability to protect the engine and the oil from
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
deterioration under high-temperature and severe service con-
standard.
ditions. The test method can also be used to evaluate the
1.3.1 Exceptions—The values stated in inch-pounds for
viscosity stability of multi-viscosity-graded oils. Companion
certain tube measurements, screw thread specifications, and
test methods used to evaluate engine oil performance for
sole source supply equipment are to be regarded as standard.
specification requirements are discussed in the latest revision
1.3.1.1 The bearing wear in the text is measured in grams
of Specification D4485.
and described as weight loss, a non-SI term.
1.4 This test method is arranged as follows:
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Subject Section
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Introduction
Subcommittee D02.B0.01 on Passenger Car Engine Oils.
Scope 1
Current edition approved March 1, 2024. Published March 2024. Originally Referenced Documents 2
approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2023 as D6709 – 23. DOI: Terminology 3
Summary of Test Method 4
10.1520/D6709-24.
Before Test Starts 4.1
Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center
Power Section Installation 4.2
will update changes in this test method by means of Information Letters. Informa-
Engine Operation (Break-in) 4.3
tion Letters may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 203
Engine Operation (Test/Samples) 4.4
Armstrong Drive, Freeport, PA 16229, Attention: Director, www.astmtmc.org. This
Stripped Viscosity 4.5
edition incorporates revisions in all Information Letters through No. 23–2.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D6709 − 24
Test Completion (BWL) 4.6 Data Log Sheets Appendix X2
Significance and Use 5
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Evaluation of Automotive oils 5.1
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Stay in Grade Capabilities 5.2
Correlation of Results 5.3
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Use 5.4
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Apparatus 6
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Test Engineering, Inc. 6.1
Fabricated or Specially Prepared Items 6.2
Specific precautionary statements are provided throughout this
Instruments and Controls 6.3
test method.
Procurement of Parts 6.4
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
Reagents and Materials 7
Reagents 7.1
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Cleaning Materials 7.2
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Expendable Power Section-Related Items 7.3
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Power Section Coolant 7.4
Reference Oils 7.5
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Test Fuel 7.6
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Test Oil Sample Requirements 8
Selection 8.1
Inspection 8.2
2. Referenced Documents
Quantity 8.3
Preparation of Apparatus 9
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Test Stand Preparation 9.1
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and
Conditioning Test Run on Power Section 9.2
Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
General Power Section Rebuild Instructions 9.3
Reconditioning of Power Section After Each Test 9.4
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-
Calibration 10
leum Products by Copper Strip Test
Power Section and Test Stand Calibration 10.1
D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)
Instrumentation Calibration 10.2
Calibration of AFR Measurement Equipment 10.3
(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
Calibration of Torque Wrenches 10.4
D240 Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hy-
Engine Operating Procedure 11
drocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter
Run-In and Flush 11.1
Test Operating Conditions 11.2
D323 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products
Air-Fuel Ratio and Spark Advance 11.3
(Reid Method)
Air, Off-Gas and Blowby Measurement 11.4
D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evapo-
Unscheduled Shutdowns 11.5
Oil Sampling and Oil Addition 11.6
ration
Periodic Measurements 11.7
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
Final Oil Drain and Oil Consumption Computation 11.8
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
Operational Validity Criteria 11.9
Test Completion 11.10
ity)
Determination of Test Results 12
D525 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline (In-
Oil Analysis 12.1
duction Period Method)
Test Bearing Weight Loss Determination 12.2
Report 13
D1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petro-
Precision and Bias 14
leum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption
Precision 14.1
D2422 Classification of Industrial Fluid Lubricants by Vis-
Bias 14.2
Use of ASTM Rounding 15
cosity System
Keywords 16
D2699 Test Method for Research Octane Number of Spark-
ANNEXES
Ignition Engine Fuel
ASTM Test Monitoring Center Organization Annex A1
ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Calibration Procedures Annex A2
D2700 Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-
ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Maintenance Activities Annex A3
Ignition Engine Fuel
ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Related Information Annex A4
Measurement of Connecting Rod Bearing Clearance and Annex A5 D3231 Test Method for Phosphorus in Gasoline
Journal Taper
D3237 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorp-
Measurement of Main Bearing Clearance Annex A6
tion Spectroscopy
Measurement of Piston-to-Sleeve Clearance Annex A7
Control Chart Technique for a Laboratory’s Severity Annex A8 D3343 Test Method for Estimation of Hydrogen Content of
Adjustment (SA)
Aviation Fuels
Recommended New Liner Honing Procedure Annex A9
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
Sequence VIII Oil Priming Procedure Annex A10
Alternative Crankcase Breather Configuration Annex A11 Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
Connecting Rod Bearing Cleaning Procedure Annex A12
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
Electronic Ignition Conversion Annex A13
Fuels, and Lubricants
System Response Procedure Annex A14
Air-Fuel Ratio Measurement Annex A15
Lead Decontamination Procedure Annex A16
Crankshaft Rear Seal Conditioning Annex A17
Report Forms and Data Dictionary Annex A18
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Stay-in-Grade Oil Analysis Procedure Annex A19
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
APPENDIXES
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Suggested Method for Salvaging Camshaft Bearing Journals Appendix X1
the ASTM website.
D6709 − 24
D4294 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and Petroleum 3.1.9 wear, n—the loss of material from a surface, generally
Products by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spec- occurring between two surfaces in relative motion, and result-
trometry ing from mechanical or chemical action or a combination of
D4485 Specification for Performance of Active API Service both. D7422
Category Engine Oils
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
D4815 Test Method for Determination of MTBE, ETBE,
3.2.1 accessory case, n—the mounting base containing the
TAME, DIPE, tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C to C Alco-
1 4
balancing mechanism, flywheel, and final driveshaft for the
hols in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography
power section of the CLR engine.
D7422 Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in
3.2.2 build-up oil, n—see 3.1.6, noncompounded engine oil.
T-12 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Diesel Engine
3.2.3 calibrated power section/test stand combination,
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
n—one that has completed an operationally valid reference oil
Determine Conformance with Specifications
test within the previous six months, the results of which fall
E191 Specification for Apparatus For Microdetermination of
within industry severity and precision limits as published by
Carbon and Hydrogen in Organic and Organo-Metallic
the TMC.
Compounds (Withdrawn 2024)
2.2 SAE Standards: 3.2.4 conditioning test run, n—a full-length Sequence VIII
J183 Engine Oil Performance and Engine Service Classifi-
test using a TMC-designated reference oil in a new or newly
cation (Other Than “Energy-Conserving”)
rebuilt power section to prepare the cast iron parts before
J304 Engine Oil Tests
conducting routine standard tests with the power section.
3.2.5 emergency shutdown, n—the procedure for turning off
3. Terminology
the engine’s ignition without using the prescribed engine
3.1 Definitions:
cool-down period.
3.1.1 air-fuel ratio, n—in internal combustion engines, the
3.2.6 full-length test, n—a test of an engine oil conducted
mass ratio of air-to-fuel in the mixture being induced into the
using a power section and a test stand that runs 4.5 h run-in, 2 h
combustion chambers. D4175
flush and 40 h at test conditions. (See 10.1.2.1, exception for
3.1.2 automotive, adj—descriptive of equipment associated
10 h stay in grade test).
with self-propelled machinery, usually vehicles driven by
3.2.7 new power section, n—an engine power section con-
internal combustion engines. D4485
sisting of either a new crankcase or complete power section
3.1.3 blind reference oil, n—a reference oil, the identity of
that has no previous oil test history.
which is unknown by the test facility.
3.2.8 off-gas, n—gas exiting the power section crankcase
3.1.3.1 Discussion—This is a coded reference oil that is
breather.
submitted by a source independent from the test facility. D4175
3.2.9 off-test time, n—any time that the engine is not
3.1.4 blowby, n—in internal combustion engines, that por-
operating at the prescribed test conditions.
tion of the combustion products and unburned air/fuel mixture
3.2.10 oil gallery side cover plate, n—crankcase cover plate
that leaks past piston rings into the engine crankcase during
that contains the oil gallery and provision for mounting and
operation. D4175
driving the oil pump and ignition assembly.
3.1.5 critical parts, n—those components used in the test
3.2.11 operationally valid test, n—an engine oil test that has
that are known to affect test severity.
been conducted in accordance with the conditions listed in this
3.1.6 noncompounded engine oil, n—a lubricating oil hav-
test method.
ing a viscosity within the range of viscosities of oils normally
3.2.12 power section, n—the combination of the crankcase
used in engines, and that may contain anti-foam agents or pour
assembly, the cylinder block assembly, and the cylinder head
depressants, or both, but not other additives. D4175
assembly, all of which are attached to the accessory case.
3.1.6.1 Discussion—In this test method noncompounded oil
is also known as build-up oil.
3.2.13 reconditioned power section, n—an engine power
section which has been disassembled, cleaned, and reas-
3.1.7 non-standard test, n—a test that is not conducted in
sembled according to the detailed procedures after completion
conformance with the requirements in the standard test
of either a conditioning test run or a full-length CLR engine oil
method; such as running on an uncalibrated test stand, using
test.
different test equipment, applying different equipment assem-
bly procedures, or using modified operating conditions. D4175
3.2.14 reference oil test, n—a standard Sequence VIII en-
gine oil test of a reference oil designated by the TMC,
3.1.8 test start, n—introduction of test oil into the engine.
conducted to ensure that power section and test stand severity
D4175
falls within industry limits.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org.
5 6
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc., 400 Commonwealth Refer to Instructions for Assembly and Disassembly of the CLR Oil Test
Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096. Request SAE Handbook Vol 3. This standard is not Engine, available from Test Engineering, Inc., 12718 Cimarron Path, San Antonio,
available separately. TX 78249.
D6709 − 24
TABLE 1 Power Section Run-in Schedule
Power Spark
Speed,
Advance, Time, Total
r/min
° BTDC min (±2) Time, h
(±25)
W (±150)
(±1)
1500 1500 25 60 1
2000 3000 25 60 2
2500 3700 35 60 3
3150 3700 35 60 4
3.2.15 run-in and flush, n—the initial 4.5 h operation of a 4. Summary of Test Method
new, rebuilt, or reconditioned power section at the beginning of
4.1 Before every Sequence VIII engine oil test, thoroughly
either a conditioning test run or a full-length test.
clean the power section of the CLR oil test engine, and
3.2.16 scheduled downtime, n—off-test time that is specifi-
measure the power section parts. Install a new or clean used
cally allowed to include warm-up and cool-down periods as
piston, a complete set of new piston rings, a set of new
well as shutdown and intermediate bearing weight loss mea-
copper-lead connecting rod test bearing inserts (from a batch
surements.
approved by the ASTM D02.B0.01 Sequence VIII Test Sur-
veillance Panel), and other specified parts as required.
3.2.17 shutdown, n—the procedure for turning off the en-
gine’s ignition following the prescribed engine cool-down
4.2 The power section is installed on an accessory case/test
period.
stand. Unleaded fuel is used for the test.
3.2.18 standard test, n—an operationally valid, full-length
4.3 The engine is first operated for 4 h according to a run-in
Sequence VIII test conducted with a calibrated power section
schedule shown in Table 1 (see 11.1).
and test stand in accordance with the conditions listed in this
4.4 The engine is then operated under specified conditions
test method.
for 40 h (Table 2). At the end of each 10 h of test conditions,
3.2.19 stay-in-grade (stripped viscosity), n—the viscosity of
a sample of the test oil is drained from the power section and
the test oil after removal of volatile components and solids,
fresh oil is returned to the power section for continuation of the
according to the procedure shown in Annex A19.
test.
3.2.20 test oil, n—an oil subjected to a Sequence VIII
4.5 An oil sample is taken at the end of the first 10 h of test
engine oil test.
conditions. When multiviscosity-graded oils are being tested,
3.2.20.1 Discussion—It can be any oil selected by the
this sample is used to determine the stay-in-grade (SIG)
laboratory conducting the test. It could be an experimental oil
capabilities of the test oil.
or a commercially available oil. Often, it is an oil that is a
4.6 At the completion of the test, the connecting rod bearing
candidate for approval against engine oil specifications.
weight loss is determined.
3.2.21 test stand, n—the engine accessory case connected to
a dynamometer, both mounted to a suitable foundation (such as
5. Significance and Use
a bedplate) and equipped with suitable supplies of electricity,
5.1 This test method is used to evaluate automotive engine
compressed air, and so forth, to provide a means for mounting
oils for protection of engines against bearing weight loss.
and operating a power section in order to conduct a Sequence
VIII engine oil test. 5.2 This test method is also used to evaluate the SIG
capabilities of multiviscosity-graded oils.
3.3 Acronyms:
3.3.1 BTDC, adj—before top dead center 5.3 Correlation of test results with those obtained in auto-
3.3.1.1 Discussion—It is used with the degree symbol to motive service has not been established.
indicate the angular position of the crankshaft from its position
5.4 Use—The Sequence VIII test method is useful for
at the point of uppermost travel of the piston in the cylinder.
engine oil specification acceptance. It is used in specifications
3.3.2 EWMA, n—exponentially-weighted moving average
and classifications of engine lubricating oils, such as the
following:
3.3.3 LTMS, n—Lubricant Test Monitoring System
5.4.1 Specification D4485.
3.3.3.1 Discussion—An analytical system in which ASTM
5.4.2 API Publication 1509 Engine Oil Licensing and Cer-
calibration test data are used to manage lubricant engine test
tification System.
precision.
5.4.3 SAE Classification J304.
3.3.4 SIG, adj—stay-in-grade
3.3.4.1 Discussion—Capability of multiviscosity-graded oil
6. Apparatus
to stay in grade under test conditions (see 4.5).
6.1 Test Engineering, Inc.—The document “Instructions for
3.3.5 TDC, adj—top dead center 6
Assembly and Disassembly of the CLR Test Engine” provides
3.3.5.1 Discussion—It is used with the degree symbol to
indicate the angular position of the crankshaft from its position
at the point of uppermost travel of the piston in the cylinder. American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.
D6709 − 24
FIG. 1 Sequence VIII Power Section
TABLE 2 Test Operating Conditions
6.1.1 Test Engine—Obtain the test engine from Test Engi-
8,9
Item Setting neering Inc. (TEI). The test engine is known by various
Speed, r/min 3150 ± 25 designations such as the L-38 engine, the CLR engine, or the
Power, W Adjust power to provide proper fuel flow
Sequence VIII engine (as used in this test method). It com-
at specified air-fuel ratio.
prises two principal units, the power section and the accessory
Fuel flow, kg/h 2.25 ± 0.11
Air-fuel ratio 13.43 ± 0.5
case (Fig. 1). The power section is a single-cylinder, spark-
Jacket outlet coolant 93.5 ± 1
ignition unit with a cylinder bore of 3.80 in. and a piston stroke
Temperature, °C
of 3.75 in., and displacing 42.5 in. .
Difference between jacket 5.6 ± 1
Inlet and jacket outlet
6.1.2 Test Bearing—SAE H-24 alloy connecting rod
Coolant temperatures, °C
bearing, TEI Part No. 100034-1, from a batch approved by the
Gallery oil temperature, °C
ASTM Sequence VIII Test Surveillance Panel.
SAE 0W, 5W, 10W 135 ± 1
SAE 20, 30, 40, 50, and multi- 143.5 ± 1
6.1.3 Test Engine Crankshaft—Obtain a crankshaft for the
viscosity-graded oils
CLR test engine, Part No. 100039-1, from TEI. If desired, the
Spark advance, °BTDC 35 ± 1
Oil pressure, kPa 276 ± 14
crankshaft may be refinished in one of the following two
Crankcase vacuum, Pa 500 ± 120
manners:
Exhaust back pressure, Pa 0 to 3.4
6.1.3.1 The oil seal and main bearing journals may be
Crankcase off-gas, SLH 850 ± 28
Blowby, SLH record
refinished by welding material to the journals and regrinding
the journals to the original specifications. Do not refinish the
connecting rod journal using this procedure.
6.1.3.2 The crankshaft may be refinished by chrome
10,9
detailed parts listings, modification instructions, assembly/
plating the oil seal, connecting rod journal, and main
disassembly instructions, maintenance procedures, and parts
replacement requirements. The following is a descriptive
listing of some of the test engine and associated parts.
The sole source of supply of the test engine known to the committee at this time
is Test Engineering, Inc., 12718 Cimarron Path, San Antonio, TX 78249.
If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to
ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consider-
ation at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
The sole source of supply of crankshaft refinishing by chrome plating known
to the committee at this time is OH Technologies, Inc., P.O. Box 5039, Mentor, OH,
44061-5039.
D6709 − 24
6.2 Fabricated or Specially Prepared Items:
6.2.1 A typical Sequence VIII engine test stand configura-
tion is shown in Fig. 2.
6.2.2 Crankcase Ventilation System—Fig. 3 is a schematic
of the required configuration of the crankcase ventilation
measurement and control system.
6.2.2.1 Fabricate the airtight rocker cover air and off-gas
condensate trap/surge tanks shown in Fig. 3, with provisions
for draining and cleaning. The volume of the rocker cover air
tank shall be 3.8 L to 5.7 L. The volume of the off-gas tank
shall be 38 L to 45 L. Fabricate both tanks from noncorrosive
material. Locate the tanks as shown in Fig. 3.
6.2.2.2 Rocker Cover Air Flow—Measure the air flow into
the rocker cover by using a Sierra Side Track Model 830 flow
12,9
meter capable of measuring 0 L ⁄min to 20 L ⁄min. An
13,9
optional Dwyer rotameter, Model No. RMC-101, with a
range of 0 L ⁄h to 1420 L ⁄h may be used for ease of adjust-
ments; however, take actual measurements with the Sierra flow
FIG. 2 Typical Sequence VIII Engine Test Stand
meter. All piping and tubing used to flow air into the rocker
cover shall be nominal ID of 9.5 mm.
6.2.2.3 When a closed loop automated control system is
bearing journals. When refinishing a crankshaft using this
employed, use a Badger meter research control valve, Model
14,9
procedure, chrome plate all journals listed.
No. 1002-GCN36-SVCSC-LN36, (see Note 2) to control
6.1.3.3 To identify the crankshaft being used in a power
the rocker cover air flow. When using a manual control system
section the following identification is required:
instead of the automated system, install a Swagelok ⁄8 in.
(1) S = standard crankshaft,
metering valve, Part No. SS-6L, to control the air flow into
(2) C = chrome crankshaft, and
the rocker cover.
(3) R = reconditioned crankshaft.
NOTE 2—The letter prior to the last dash in the model number defines
6.1.4 Test Engine Piston—Obtain a piston for the CLR test
the trim size. Use the trim that gives the best system control.
engine, TEI Part No. 2405, from TEI. If desired, a piston may
6.2.2.4 Install a reservoir to facilitate oil additions during
be reused if it meets the piston-to-liner clearance specifica-
test operation at the rocker cover inlet for the crankcase
tions. A 0.010 in. oversized piston, TEI Part No. 2405-1, may
ventilation air. The construction of the reservoir is left up to the
also be used in the Sequence VIII test, provided it meets the
laboratory, but the reservoir needs to be airtight between oil
piston-to-liner clearance specifications. Do not reuse pistons
additions and have an outlet to attach to the rocker cover air
used in the CLR test engine for L-38 testing or any other
control system.
testing with leaded fuel in Sequence VIII testing. Clean used
6.2.2.5 Construct the off-gas breather as shown in Fig. 4
pistons according to the following procedure before installation
using American Standard Schedule 40, or equivalent, non-
in the test engine.
galvanized pipe fittings. Apply sealant to the threads during
6.1.4.1 Clean the piston crown of any carbon deposits using
assembly. Install the breather in the breather port of the oil
aliphatic naphtha and 3M fine-grade Scotch Brite pads. Wet the
gallery side cover (see Fig. 5) of the engine power section. Fig.
cleaning pad in the solvent and scrub the deposit. Repeat until
A11.1 shows freeze plug detail in an alternative configuration
all carbon is removed.
to that in Fig. 4.
6.1.4.2 Spray piston with clean solvent and air dry.
6.2.2.6 Crankcase Off–Gas Flow—Measure the crankcase
6.1.5 Piston Ring Assembly—Use a Dana/Perfect Circle
off-gas flow by using a Daniels Honed Orifice Flange Flow
piston ring assembly, Part No. 41274, in the Sequence VIII test
16,9
11,9 1
Section, Model No. H1905T- ⁄2 in., with orifice plate,
engine. Hastings Piston Ring, Part No. 41274R, available
from TEI, may be used provided that the test laboratory has
first completed an acceptable reference oil test using this ring.
The sole source of supply of Sierra Side Track flow meters known to the
6.1.6 Test Engine Camshaft—Obtain a camshaft for the
committee at this time is Sierra Instruments Inc., 5 Harris Ct, Building L, Monterey,
CLR test engine, Part No. 8211, from TEI. A remanufactured
CA 93940.
camshaft, Part No. 8211R may be used if new camshafts are no
The sole source of supply of Dwyer instrumentation known to the committee
longer available, provided that the test laboratory has first
at this time is Dwyer Instruments Inc., P.O. Box 60725, Houston, TX 77205.
The sole source of supply of Badger valves known to the committee at this
completed an acceptable reference oil test using a remanufac-
time is Badger Meter Industrial Div., 6116 East 15th St., P.O. Box 581390, Tulsa,
tured camshaft. Obtain remanufactured camshafts from TEI.
OK 74158-1390.
Except for the stainless steel wool and screens, parts for the construction of the
crankcase breather may be obtained from many commercial sources. The part
The sole source of supply of the Dana/Perfect Circle piston ring assembly Part numbers given identify the components available from McMaster Carr, Chicago, IL.
No. 41274 known to the committee at this time is Dana Corp., Perfect Circle The sole source of supply of Daniels flow sections known to the committee at
Division, 1883 E. Laketon Ave., Product Distribution Center, Muskegon, MI this time is Daniel Flow Products Inc., Flow Measurement Products Div., P.O. Box
49442-6123. 19097, Houston, TX 77224.
D6709 − 24
FIG. 3 Standard Crankcase Ventilation System for the Sequence VIII Power Section
FIG. 4 Crankcase Breather Detail
F-150- ⁄8 in., and a Rosemount differential pressure transducer,
D6709 − 24
FIG. 5 Oil Gallery Side Cover
17,9
Model No. 1151DP-3-S-22-D1B2. Mount the flow section (see Fig. 8). Use American Standard Schedule 40, or
horizontally. The transducer may be set up as square root equivalent, non-galvanized pipe fittings 20 mm in diameter and
extracting to aid in interfacing with the readout. Locate apply sealant to the threads during assembly.
temperature and pressure measurement devices at the inlet of 6.2.5.1 Use a water-cooled heat exchanger. A heat ex-
the off-gas measurement apparatus as shown in Fig. 3.
changer of this type, suitable for this application, is available as
21,9
6.2.2.7 When a closed loop automated control system is American Heat Exchanger, Part Number 5-030-03014-011.
employed, use a Badger meter research control valve, Model
6.2.5.2 Install a gate-type coolant throttling valve 20 mm in
No. 1002-TCN36-SVCSA-LN36, to control the crankcase diameter on the output side of the coolant pump to maintain the
vacuum. When using a manual control system instead of the
specified temperature differential between the coolant flowing
automated control system, install a Swagelok ⁄8 in. metering into, and that flowing out of, the power section jacket.
valve, Part No. SS-6L, to control the crankcase vacuum. Both
6.2.5.3 The coolant pump is an electrically driven centrifu-
systems are shown in Fig. 3. gal pump with a flow of approximately 18.9 L ⁄min at water
6.2.2.8 Use a Vaccom vacuum aspirator, Model No. JD-
head pressure of 95.5 kPa. The Grainger Part No. 1P831 has
18,9
90M, or a vacuum pump as a vacuum source. been found suitable.
23,9
6.2.2.9 Crankcase Off–Gas Inlet Pressure—Use a Dwyer
6.2.5.4 Install a sight glass located downstream of the
Magnehelic, Model No. 2320, or a Sensotech pressure
cylinder head to permit detection of air entrainment.
transducer, Model No. TJE-756-05, to measure the off-gas air
6.2.5.5 Fabricate the tower using non-galvanized metal.
pressure. Locate the sensor at the inlet of the off-gas air flow
Make it approximately 90 mm in diameter and 410 mm long.
apparatus as shown in Fig. 3.
Fashion a loose-fitting cover for it. Install a level gage,
6.2.2.10 Crankcase Off–Gas Inlet Temperature—Measure
positioned to give a mid-scale reading when the system is
the off-gas temperature with a J-type thermocouple, 3.2 mm in
filled. The system shall have a minimum capacity of 7.5 L.
diameter. Position the thermocouple tip in the middle of the air
6.2.6 Exhaust System—Use either a water-quenched system
stream and expose no more than 50 mm of the sheath to
or a dry system.
ambient air. Locate the thermocouple at the inlet of the off-gas
6.2.7 Ignition System—An electronic ignition system is
flow measurement apparatus as shown in Fig. 3.
required. The required system is illustrated in Figs. A13.1-
6.2.3 Oil Filter—Install a Racor, Model LFS-62 or LFS-55,
A13.10. The TMC and the Sequence VIII Surveillance Panel
19,9
oil filter as shown in Fig. 6. Use suitable hydraulic hose and
review and approve other electronic ignition system configu-
fittings.
rations prior to use.
6.2.3.1 Oil Drain Valves—Locate oil drain valves at points
6.3 Instruments and Controls:
no higher than the bottom of the oil pan or the vertically
6.3.1 Dynamometer—Use a dynamometer and control sys-
mounted oil heater.
tem capable of maintaining the specified engine operating test
6.2.4 Oil Heater—Install the oil heater as shown in Fig. 7.
20 conditions (see Section 11). Speed measurement shall have a
Use suitable hydraulic hose and fittings.
minimum accuracy of 60.5 % of reading, and power minimum
6.2.5 Power Section Cooling System—Install a non-
measurement accuracy of 62 % of reading.
pressurized cooling system consisting of a heat exchanger,
6.3.2 Fuel Flowmeter or Fuel Weigh System—Use a system
water pump, coolant throttling valve, sight glass, and tower
with a range of 0 kg ⁄h to 4.5 kg ⁄h, and having a minimum
accuracy of 1 % of reading and a repeatability of 0.5 %.
The sole source of supply of Rosemount transducers known to the committee
at this time is Rosemount Inc., 4001 Greenbriar, Ste 150B, Stafford, TX 77477.
The sole source of supply of Vaccom aspirators known to the committee at this
time is McKenzie Air Industries, 18523 IH 35 North, Shertz, TX 78108. The sole source of supply of the heat exchanger known to the committee at this
The sole source of supply of the oil filters known to the committee at this time time is Compressor Engineering, 625 District Dr., Itasca, IL 60143.
is Parker Hanifin Corp., Racor Division, 3400 Finch Road, Modesto, CA 95354. Any Grainger national branch location.
20 23
Aeroquip ⁄8 in. (10 mm) (inside diameter) hydraulic hose has been used The sole source of supply of a sight glass of this type, suitable for this
successfully to plumb the oil filter and oil heater; select hose of a specification to application (Gitts-Part No. 3063-27) known to the committee at this time is Edward
cover temperatures and pressures encountered in Sequence VIII engine oil testing. Fisher Co., 118 S. Wabash, Chicago, IL 60616.
D6709 − 24
FIG. 6 Oil Filter Installation
FIG. 7 Oil Heater Installation
6.3.3 Air–Fuel Ratio Measurement System—Use a system
with a calibration capability of the equivalent of 60.5 air-fuel
ratio number. The following are acceptable methods for deter-
mination of air-fuel ratio:
6.3.3.1 Calibrated Electronic Exhaust Gas Analyzer—Use
sample gases for the calibration. Follow the directions in
Annex A15 to determine air-fuel ratio.
6.3.3.2 AFR Analyzer/Lambda Meter—The air fuel ratio
(AFR) analyzer shall have a measurement range of 11.00 to
18.00 for AFR with 1.85 H/C and 0.00 O/C, where: H is
hydrogen, C is carbon and O is oxygen.
6.3.3.3 When a Lambda meter is used, locate the exhaust
sensor within 150 mm 6 50 mm of the cylinder head exhaust
outlet mating surface.
6.3.4 Pressure Measurement:
6.3.4.1 Crankcase Vacuum—As shown in Fig. 3, connect a
FIG. 8 Cooling System
line trap and an appropriate sensor to the crankcase at the hole
above and to the right of the oil heater inlet hose connection on
the oil gallery side cover. See Fig. 5 for the location of the crankcase vacuum port. Measurement resolution of 50 Pa and
D6709 − 24
an accuracy of 1 % in the specified range of 7. Reagents and Materials
0.500 kPa 6 0.120 kPa are required.
7.1 Reagents:
6.3.4.2 Exhaust Back Pressure—Connect an appropriate
7.1.1 A 1:3 mixture of hydrochloric acid and deionized
sensor to the exhaust back-pressure tap at a point within
water. (Warning—The laboratory shall establish proper safety
100 mm of the cylinder head exhaust flange. Sensor accuracy
procedures for handling and disposal of this reagent.)
of 610 % of reading and resolution of 340 Pa are required.
7.1.2 A 1:8 mixture of baking soda and water. (Warning—
6.3.4.3 Intake Manifold Vacuum—Measure the intake mani-
The laboratory shall establish proper safety procedures for
fold vacuum at the elbow of the intake manifold by means of
handling and disposal of this reagent.)
a sensor having an accuracy of 1 % and a resolution of 680 Pa.
7.2 Cleaning Materials:
6.3.4.4 Oil Pressure—Measure the oil pressure with an
7.2.1 Abrasive Paper, 400 grit, 600 grit, 800 grit, wet or
appropriate sensor having an accuracy of 62 % and a resolu-
dry.
tion of 7 kPa, connected to the point shown in Fig. 5.
7.2.2 Crocus Cloth.
6.3.5 Temperature Measurement—The test requires the ac-
7.2.3 Mylar Tape.
curate measurement of oil and coolant temperature. Exercise
26,9
7.2.4 Organic Solvent-Penmul L460 (Warning—
care to ensure temperature measurement accuracy. Follow the
Combustible. Health hazard.).
guidelines of Research Report RR:D02-1218.
7.2.5 Pentane (Solvent), ≥99 %, high-performance liquid
6.3.5.1 Check all temperature devices for accuracy at the
chromatography grade (Warning—Flammable. Health haz-
temperature levels at which they are to be used. Iron-
ard).
Constantin (Type J) thermocouples are specified for tempera-
7.2.6 Solvent—Use only mineral spirits meeting the require-
ture measurement.
ments of Specification D235, Type II, Class C for Aromatic
6.3.5.2 All thermocouples shall be premium grade, sheathed
Content 0 % volume to 2 % volume, Flash Point (61 °C, min)
types with premium wire. Use thermocouples of 3.2 mm
and Color (not darker than +25 on Saybolt Scale or 25 on Pt-Co
diameter. Thermocouple lengths are not specified but shall not
Scale). (Warning—Combustible. Health hazard.) Obtain a
have greater than 50 mm of thermocouple sheath exposed to
Certificate of Analysis for each batch of solvent from the
ambient laboratory temperature.
supplier.
6.3.5.3 Some sources of thermocouples that have been
7.2.7 Tap Water, heated to between 66 °C and 82 °C.
found suitable for this application are, Leeds and Northrup,
7.3 Expendable Power Section-Related Items:
Conax, Omega, Revere, and Thermo Sensor.
7.3.1 Sealing Compounds—Approved sealing compounds,
6.3.5.4 System quality shall be adequate to permit calibra-
including pipe thread compound and gasket cement are:
tion to 60.56 °C for individual thermocouples.
7.3.1.1 Perfect Seal Sealant No. 4,
6.3.6 Thermocouple Location and Length—All thermo-
7.3.1.2 Permatex Ultra Blue 77B, identified and packaged
couple tips shall be located in the center of the stream of the
as any of the following:
medium being measured unless otherwise specified.
(1) 81724 95 g carded tube
6.3.6.1 Coolant Temperatures—Locate the thermocouples
(2) 85519 269 g PowerBead (Trademarked) can
used to measure the coolant inlet and outlet temperatures
(3) 81725 369 g cartridge
within 100 mm of the inlet and outlet bosses on the power
(4) 82170 95 g tube
section.
7.3.1.3 Permatex 3H, Permatex High Tack 99 MA,
6.3.6.2 Air Inlet Temperature—Measure the air inlet tem-
7.3.1.4 Dow Corning High Vacuum Grease,
perature with an exposed thermocouple or thermometer located
7.3.1.5 Dow Corning RTV Gray 3154, and
at the center of the air tube, 38 mm above the carburetor air
7.3.1.6 Petroleum Jelly.
horn.
7.3.2 Power Section Build-Up Oil.
6.3.6.3 Oil Gallery Temperature—Measure oil gallery tem-
7.4 Power Section Coolant—Use deionized or distilled wa-
perature at the front main bearing passage (see Fig. 5). The
ter for the power section coolant, plus a suitable inhibitor such
immersion length for these thermocouples is 35 mm.
29,9
as Pencool 2000 used at 31 mL ⁄L of water. Such water
6.3.6.4 Crankcase Off–Gas Temperature Measurement—
purchased from a commercial source is suitable.
Measure the off-gas temperature at the outlet side of the
crankcase breather assembly. Fig. 3 shows a recommended
7.5 Reference Oils—Conduct test periodically on reference
system.
oils supplied by the TMC, to document the test severity of a
6.4 Procurement of Parts—Obtain information on the CLR
Oil Test Engine (see 6.1.1) and parts for it from TEI. Users of
The sand paper and Mylar tape may be obtained from many commercial
sources.
this test method shall comply with CLR Oil Test Engine Shop
6 The sole source of supply of Penmul L460, a registered trademark, known to
Manual and the latest supplements (Information Letters and
the committee at this time is Penetone Corp., 7400 Hudson Ave., Tenafly, NJ 07670.
Memoranda) available from the TMC.
These may be obtained from many commercial sources.
Noncompounded oil ISO VG 46 (SAE 20) (see Classification D2422) is
available through lubricant marketers. One supplier is Exxon-Mobil Oil Corp. The
Exxon-Mobil product is designated EF-411, and is available from Exxon-Mobil Oil
Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may Corp., P.O. Box 66940, AMF O’Hare, IL 60666, Attn: Illinois Order Board.
be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D02-1218. Contact ASTM Customer The sole source of supply of Pencool 2000 known to the committee at this time
Service at [e-mail]. is The Penray Co, Inc., 1801 Estes Ave., Elk Grove, IL 60007.
D6709 − 24
given power section and test stand, and the overall operation of 9.3 General Power Section Rebuild Instructions—Assemble
the test. Use 8 L of reference oil for each test. the power section according to the detailed instructions found
in the assembly manual. Compliance with all provisions of the
7.6 Test Fuel—Use Haltermann Products KA24E Test
30,9 assembly manual is mandatory. However, in cases of disparity,
Fuel. The specification for KA24E Test Fuel can be
the explicit instructions contained in this test method take
obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center website,
precedence over the service manual. Information letters and
www.astmtmc.org. (Warning—Flammable. Health hazard.)
memoranda issued by the TMC shall supersede this manual.
7.6.1 Fuel Batch Approval—New batches of KA24E Test
Failure to follow the instructions provided in this document
Fuel are approved for use by the Subcommittee D02.B0.01
31 and related TMC information letters or memoranda, or both,
Sequence IVA Surveillance Panel.
may cause incorrect test results.
7.6.2 Fuel Batch Analysis—Details are available from Sub-
committee D02.B0.01 Sequence IVA Surveillance Panel. 9.4 Reconditioning of Power Section After Each Test—
7.6.3 Laboratory Storage Tank Fuel Analysis—Details are Recondition a previously used power section before the start of
available from Subcommittee D02.B0.01 Sequence IVA Sur- a new test. Decontaminate power sections previously used with
veillance Panel. leaded fuel using the procedure shown in Annex A16 before
7.6.4 Fuel Batch Shipment and Storage—Details are avail- use. Follow the parts replacement and cleaning procedures
able from Subcommittee D02.B0.01 Sequence IVA Surveil- described in the following sections.
lance Panel. 9.4.1 New Parts—Use the following new parts:
9.4.1.1 Piston and piston ring assembly,
8. Test Oil Sample Requirements
NOTE 3—A used piston may be reused if it meets the requirements of
8.1 Selection—The sample of test oil shall be representative 6.1.4.1 and the original piston pin is retained.
of the lubricant formulation being evaluated and shall be
9.4.1.2 H-24 alloy connecting rod test bearing,
uncontaminated.
9.4.1.3 All gaskets, seals, O-rings, and
8.2 Inspection—New oil sample baseline inspection require- 9.4.1.4 All parts that are excessively worn or that do not
permit maintenance of the operating clearances specified in this
ments are described in 12.1.1.
method or in “Instructions for Assembly and Disassembly of
8.3 Quantity—The fresh oil required to complete the test is
the CLR Oil Test Engine.”
approximately 7 L. It is recommended that a test laboratory
9.4.2 Documented Parts—The parts supplier provides
have on hand approximately 8 L when starting a test to allow
records, stating source codes and additional information such
for inadvertent losses.
as batch code, lot number, and so forth. It is the responsibility
of the laboratory to maintain records documenting these parts
9. Preparation of Apparatus
by proper identification numbers. The parts that require docu-
9.1 Test Stand Preparation:
mentation are: (1) crankshafts, (2) camshafts, (3) connecting
9.1.1 Instrumentation Calibration—Check the calibration of
rod bearings, (4) crankshaft main bearings, (5) camshaft
temperature sensors, flowmeters, pressure sensors, and dyna-
bearings, (6) piston rings, (7) connecting rods, (8) pistons, and
mometer load indicator as required by the type of instrumen-
(9) cylinder sleeves.
tation being used. Details on calibration, of both power section
9.4.2.1 Critical Parts—The crankshaft and connecting rod
and test stand, and of instrumentation, are given in 10.2.
are considered critical parts and are to be used as received from
9.1.2 Preventive Maintenance—Refer to and comply with
the supplier(s). If either is replaced during a reference period,
“instructions for Assembly and Disassembly of the CLR Oil
the calibration status of the stand/power section is voided. A
Test Engine” regarding details pertaining to care and mainte-
reference oil test meeting the calibration requirements of
nance of the accessory case.
Section 10 is required before continuing non-reference oil
9.2 Conditioning Test Run on Power Section—A new power
testing.
section cannot be calibrated, nor is it suitable for test purposes, 9.4.3 Parts
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6709 − 23 D6709 − 24
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence VIII
Spark-Ignition Engine (CLR Oil Test Engine)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6709; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This test method is written for use by laboratories that utilize the portions of the test method that
refer to ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) services (see Annex A1). Laboratories that choose not
to use the TMC services may simply disregard these portions.
The TMC provides reference oils, and engineering and statistical services to laboratories that desire
to produce test results that are statistically similar to those produced by laboratories previously
calibrated by the TMC.
In general, the Test Purchaser decides if a calibrated test stand is to be used. An organization such
as the American Chemistry Council require that a laboratory use the TMC services as part of their test
registration process. In addition, the American Petroleum Institute requires that a laboratory utilize the
TMC services in seeking qualification of oil against its specifications.
NOTE 1—The advantage of using the TMC services to calibrate test stands is that the test laboratory (and hence the Test
Purchaser) has an assurance that the test stand was operating at the proper level of test severity. It should also be borne
in mind that results obtained in a non calibrated test stand may not be the same as those obtained in a test stand
participating in the ASTM TMC services process.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of automotive engine oils (SAE grades 0W, 5W, 10W, 20, 30, 40, and 50, and
multi-viscosity grades) intended for use in spark-ignition gasoline engines. The test procedure is conducted using a carbureted,
spark-ignition Cooperative Lubrication Research (CLR) Oil Test Engine (also referred to as the Sequence VIII test engine in this
test method) run on unleaded fuel. An oil is evaluated for its ability to protect the engine and the oil from deterioration under
high-temperature and severe service conditions. The test method can also be used to evaluate the viscosity stability of
multi-viscosity-graded oils. Companion test methods used to evaluate engine oil performance for specification requirements are
discussed in the latest revision of Specification D4485.
1.2 Correlation of test results with those obtained in automotive service has not been established. Furthermore, the results obtained
in this test are not necessarily indicative of results that will be obtained in a full-scale automotive spark-ignition or
compression-ignition engine, or in an engine operated under conditions different from those of the test. The test can be used to
compare one oil with another.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.B0.01 on Passenger Car Engine Oils.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2023March 1, 2024. Published January 2024March 2024. Originally approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 20222023 as
D6709 – 22.D6709 – 23. DOI: 10.1520/D6709-23.10.1520/D6709-24.
Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center will update changes in this test method by means of Information Letters. Information Letters
may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 203 Armstrong Drive, Freeport, PA 16229, Attention: Director, www.astmtmc.org. This edition incorporates
revisions in all Information Letters through No. 23–1.23–2.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D6709 − 24
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3.1 Exceptions—The values stated in inch-pounds for certain tube measurements, screw thread specifications, and sole source
supply equipment are to be regarded as standard.
1.3.1.1 The bearing wear in the text is measured in grams and described as weight loss, a non-SI term.
1.4 This test method is arranged as follows:
Subject Section
Introduction
Scope 1
Referenced Documents 2
Terminology 3
Summary of Test Method 4
Before Test Starts 4.1
Power Section Installation 4.2
Engine Operation (Break-in) 4.3
Engine Operation (Test/Samples) 4.4
Stripped Viscosity 4.5
Test Completion (BWL) 4.6
Significance and Use 5
Evaluation of Automotive oils 5.1
Stay in Grade Capabilities 5.2
Correlation of Results 5.3
Use 5.4
Apparatus 6
Test Engineering, Inc. 6.1
Fabricated or Specially Prepared Items 6.2
Instruments and Controls 6.3
Procurement of Parts 6.4
Reagents and Materials 7
Reagents 7.1
Cleaning Materials 7.2
Expendable Power Section-Related Items 7.3
Power Section Coolant 7.4
Reference Oils 7.5
Test Fuel 7.6
Test Oil Sample Requirements 8
Selection 8.1
Inspection 8.2
Quantity 8.3
Preparation of Apparatus 9
Test Stand Preparation 9.1
Conditioning Test Run on Power Section 9.2
General Power Section Rebuild Instructions 9.3
Reconditioning of Power Section After Each Test 9.4
Calibration 10
Power Section and Test Stand Calibration 10.1
Instrumentation Calibration 10.2
Calibration of AFR Measurement Equipment 10.3
Calibration of Torque Wrenches 10.4
Engine Operating Procedure 11
Run-In and Flush 11.1
Test Operating Conditions 11.2
Air-Fuel Ratio and Spark Advance 11.3
Air, Off-Gas and Blowby Measurement 11.4
Unscheduled Shutdowns 11.5
Oil Sampling and Oil Addition 11.6
Periodic Measurements 11.7
Final Oil Drain and Oil Consumption Computation 11.8
Operational Validity Criteria 11.9
Test Completion 11.10
Determination of Test Results 12
Oil Analysis 12.1
Test Bearing Weight Loss Determination 12.2
Report 13
Precision and Bias 14
Precision 14.1
Bias 14.2
Use of ASTM Rounding 15
Keywords 16
D6709 − 24
ANNEXES
ASTM Test Monitoring Center Organization Annex A1
ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Calibration Procedures Annex A2
ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Maintenance Activities Annex A3
ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Related Information Annex A4
Measurement of Connecting Rod Bearing Clearance and Annex A5
Journal Taper
Measurement of Main Bearing Clearance Annex A6
Measurement of Piston-to-Sleeve Clearance Annex A7
Control Chart Technique for a Laboratory’s Severity Annex A8
Adjustment (SA)
Recommended New Liner Honing Procedure Annex A9
Sequence VIII Oil Priming Procedure Annex A10
Alternative Crankcase Breather Configuration Annex A11
Connecting Rod Bearing Cleaning Procedure Annex A12
Electronic Ignition Conversion Annex A13
System Response Procedure Annex A14
Air-Fuel Ratio Measurement Annex A15
Lead Decontamination Procedure Annex A16
Crankshaft Rear Seal Conditioning Annex A17
Report Forms and Data Dictionary Annex A18
Stay-in-Grade Oil Analysis Procedure Annex A19
APPENDIXES
Suggested Method for Salvaging Camshaft Bearing Journals Appendix X1
Data Log Sheets Appendix X2
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are provided throughout this test method.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test
D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
D240 Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter
D323 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method)
D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evaporation
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D525 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline (Induction Period Method)
D1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption
D2422 Classification of Industrial Fluid Lubricants by Viscosity System
D2699 Test Method for Research Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
D2700 Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
D3231 Test Method for Phosphorus in Gasoline
D3237 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
D3343 Test Method for Estimation of Hydrogen Content of Aviation Fuels
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
D4294 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and Petroleum Products by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
D4485 Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine Oils
D4815 Test Method for Determination of MTBE, ETBE, TAME, DIPE, tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C to C Alcohols in
1 4
Gasoline by Gas Chromatography
D7422 Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-12 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Diesel Engine
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E191 Specification for Apparatus For Microdetermination of Carbon and Hydrogen in Organic and Organo-Metallic Compounds
(Withdrawn 2024)
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
D6709 − 24
2.2 SAE Standards:
J183 Engine Oil Performance and Engine Service Classification (Other Than “Energy-Conserving”)
J304 Engine Oil Tests
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 air-fuel ratio, n—in internal combustion engines, the mass ratio of air-to-fuel in the mixture being induced into the
combustion chambers. D4175
3.1.2 automotive, adj—descriptive of equipment associated with self-propelled machinery, usually vehicles driven by internal
combustion engines. D4485
3.1.3 blind reference oil, n—a reference oil, the identity of which is unknown by the test facility.
3.1.3.1 Discussion—
This is a coded reference oil that is submitted by a source independent from the test facility. D4175
3.1.4 blowby, n—in internal combustion engines, that portion of the combustion products and unburned air/fuel mixture that leaks
past piston rings into the engine crankcase during operation. D4175
3.1.5 critical parts, n—those components used in the test that are known to affect test severity.
3.1.6 noncompounded engine oil, n—a lubricating oil having a viscosity within the range of viscosities of oils normally used in
engines, and that may contain anti-foam agents or pour depressants, or both, but not other additives. D4175
3.1.6.1 Discussion—
In this test method noncompounded oil is also known as build-up oil.
3.1.7 non-standard test, n—a test that is not conducted in conformance with the requirements in the standard test method; such
as running on an uncalibrated test stand, using different test equipment, applying different equipment assembly procedures, or using
modified operating conditions. D4175
3.1.8 test start, n—introduction of test oil into the engine. D4175
3.1.9 wear, n—the loss of material from a surface, generally occurring between two surfaces in relative motion, and resulting from
mechanical or chemical action or a combination of both. D7422
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 accessory case, n—the mounting base containing the balancing mechanism, flywheel, and final driveshaft for the power
section of the CLR engine.
3.2.2 build-up oil, n—see 3.1.6, noncompounded engine oil.
3.2.3 calibrated power section/test stand combination, n—one that has completed an operationally valid reference oil test within
the previous six months, the results of which fall within industry severity and precision limits as published by the TMC.
3.2.4 conditioning test run, n—a full-length Sequence VIII test using a TMC-designated reference oil in a new or newly rebuilt
power section to prepare the cast iron parts before conducting routine standard tests with the power section.
3.2.5 emergency shutdown, n—the procedure for turning off the engine’s ignition without using the prescribed engine cool-down
period.
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc., 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096. Request SAE Handbook Vol 3. This standard is not available
separately.
D6709 − 24
TABLE 1 Power Section Run-in Schedule
Power Spark
Speed,
Advance, Time, Total
r/min
° BTDC min (±2) Time, h
(±25)
W (±150)
(±1)
1500 1500 25 60 1
2000 3000 25 60 2
2500 3700 35 60 3
3150 3700 35 60 4
3.2.6 full-length test, n—a test of an engine oil conducted using a power section and a test stand that runs 4.5 h run-in, 2 h flush
and 40 h at test conditions. (See 10.1.2.1, exception for 10 h stay in grade test).
3.2.7 new power section, n—an engine power section consisting of either a new crankcase or complete power section that has no
previous oil test history.
3.2.8 off-gas, n—gas exiting the power section crankcase breather.
3.2.9 off-test time, n—any time that the engine is not operating at the prescribed test conditions.
3.2.10 oil gallery side cover plate, n—crankcase cover plate that contains the oil gallery and provision for mounting and driving
the oil pump and ignition assembly.
3.2.11 operationally valid test, n—an engine oil test that has been conducted in accordance with the conditions listed in this test
method.
3.2.12 power section, n—the combination of the crankcase assembly, the cylinder block assembly, and the cylinder head assembly,
all of which are attached to the accessory case.
3.2.13 reconditioned power section, n—an engine power section which has been disassembled, cleaned, and reassembled
according to the detailed procedures after completion of either a conditioning test run or a full-length CLR engine oil test.
3.2.14 reference oil test, n—a standard Sequence VIII engine oil test of a reference oil designated by the TMC, conducted to ensure
that power section and test stand severity falls within industry limits.
3.2.15 run-in and flush, n—the initial 4.5 h operation of a new, rebuilt, or reconditioned power section at the beginning of either
a conditioning test run or a full-length test.
3.2.16 scheduled downtime, n—off-test time that is specifically allowed to include warm-up and cool-down periods as well as
shutdown and intermediate bearing weight loss measurements.
3.2.17 shutdown, n—the procedure for turning off the engine’s ignition following the prescribed engine cool-down period.
3.2.18 standard test, n—an operationally valid, full-length Sequence VIII test conducted with a calibrated power section and test
stand in accordance with the conditions listed in this test method.
3.2.19 stay-in-grade (stripped viscosity), n—the viscosity of the test oil after removal of volatile components and solids, according
to the procedure shown in Annex A19.
3.2.20 test oil, n—an oil subjected to a Sequence VIII engine oil test.
Refer to Instructions for Assembly and Disassembly of the CLR Oil Test Engine, available from Test Engineering, Inc., 12718 Cimarron Path, San Antonio, TX 78249.
D6709 − 24
3.2.20.1 Discussion—
It can be any oil selected by the laboratory conducting the test. It could be an experimental oil or a commercially available oil.
Often, it is an oil that is a candidate for approval against engine oil specifications.
3.2.21 test stand, n—the engine accessory case connected to a dynamometer, both mounted to a suitable foundation (such as a
bedplate) and equipped with suitable supplies of electricity, compressed air, and so forth, to provide a means for mounting and
operating a power section in order to conduct a Sequence VIII engine oil test.
3.3 Acronyms:
3.3.1 BTDC, adj—before top dead center
3.3.1.1 Discussion—
It is used with the degree symbol to indicate the angular position of the crankshaft from its position at the point of uppermost travel
of the piston in the cylinder.
3.3.2 EWMA, n—exponentially-weighted moving average
3.3.3 LTMS, n—Lubricant Test Monitoring System
3.3.3.1 Discussion—
An analytical system in which ASTM calibration test data are used to manage lubricant engine test precision.
3.3.4 SIG, adj—stay-in-grade
3.3.4.1 Discussion—
Capability of multiviscosity-graded oil to stay in grade under test conditions (see 4.5).
3.3.5 TDC, adj—top dead center
3.3.5.1 Discussion—
It is used with the degree symbol to indicate the angular position of the crankshaft from its position at the point of uppermost travel
of the piston in the cylinder.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Before every Sequence VIII engine oil test, thoroughly clean the power section of the CLR oil test engine, and measure the
power section parts. Install a new or clean used piston, a complete set of new piston rings, a set of new copper-lead connecting
rod test bearing inserts (from a batch approved by the ASTM D02.B0.01 Sequence VIII Test Surveillance Panel), and other
specified parts as required.
4.2 The power section is installed on an accessory case/test stand. Unleaded fuel is used for the test.
4.3 The engine is first operated for 4 h according to a run-in schedule shown in Table 1 (see 11.1).
4.4 The engine is then operated under specified conditions for 40 h (Table 2). At the end of each 10 h of test conditions, a sample
of the test oil is drained from the power section and fresh oil is returned to the power section for continuation of the test.
4.5 An oil sample is taken at the end of the first 10 h of test conditions. When multiviscosity-graded oils are being tested, this
sample is used to determine the stay-in-grade (SIG) capabilities of the test oil.
4.6 At the completion of the test, the connecting rod bearing weight loss is determined.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method is used to evaluate automotive engine oils for protection of engines against bearing weight loss.
5.2 This test method is also used to evaluate the SIG capabilities of multiviscosity-graded oils.
5.3 Correlation of test results with those obtained in automotive service has not been established.
D6709 − 24
FIG. 1 Sequence VIII Power Section
TABLE 2 Test Operating Conditions
Item Setting
Speed, r/min 3150 ± 25
Power, W Adjust power to provide proper fuel flow
at specified air-fuel ratio.
Fuel flow, kg/h 2.25 ± 0.11
Air-fuel ratio 13.43 ± 0.5
Jacket outlet coolant 93.5 ± 1
Temperature, °C
Difference between jacket 5.6 ± 1
Inlet and jacket outlet
Coolant temperatures, °C
Gallery oil temperature, °C
SAE 0W, 5W, 10W 135 ± 1
SAE 20, 30, 40, 50, and multi- 143.5 ± 1
viscosity-graded oils
Spark advance, °BTDC 35 ± 1
Oil pressure, kPa 276 ± 14
Crankcase vacuum, Pa 500 ± 120
Exhaust back pressure, Pa 0 to 3.4
Crankcase off-gas, SLH 850 ± 28
Blowby, SLH record
5.4 Use—The Sequence VIII test method is useful for engine oil specification acceptance. It is used in specifications and
classifications of engine lubricating oils, such as the following:
5.4.1 Specification D4485.
5.4.2 API Publication 1509 Engine Oil Licensing and Certification System.
5.4.3 SAE Classification J304.
American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.
D6709 − 24
FIG. 2 Typical Sequence VIII Engine Test Stand
6. Apparatus
6.1 Test Engineering, Inc.—The document “Instructions for Assembly and Disassembly of the CLR Test Engine” provides
detailed parts listings, modification instructions, assembly/disassembly instructions, maintenance procedures, and parts replace-
ment requirements. The following is a descriptive listing of some of the test engine and associated parts.
8,9
6.1.1 Test Engine—Obtain the test engine from Test Engineering Inc. (TEI). The test engine is known by various designations
such as the L-38 engine, the CLR engine, or the Sequence VIII engine (as used in this test method). It comprises two principal
units, the power section and the accessory case (Fig. 1). The power section is a single-cylinder, spark-ignition unit with a cylinder
bore of 3.80 in. and a piston stroke of 3.75 in., and displacing 42.5 in. .
6.1.2 Test Bearing—SAE H-24 alloy connecting rod bearing, TEI Part No. 100034-1, from a batch approved by the ASTM
Sequence VIII Test Surveillance Panel.
6.1.3 Test Engine Crankshaft—Obtain a crankshaft for the CLR test engine, Part No. 100039-1, from TEI. If desired, the
crankshaft may be refinished in one of the following two manners:
6.1.3.1 The oil seal and main bearing journals may be refinished by welding material to the journals and regrinding the journals
to the original specifications. Do not refinish the connecting rod journal using this procedure.
10,9
6.1.3.2 The crankshaft may be refinished by chrome plating the oil seal, connecting rod journal, and main bearing journals.
When refinishing a crankshaft using this procedure, chrome plate all journals listed.
6.1.3.3 To identify the crankshaft being used in a power section the following identification is required:
(1) S = standard crankshaft,
(2) C = chrome crankshaft, and
(3) R = reconditioned crankshaft.
6.1.4 Test Engine Piston—Obtain a piston for the CLR test engine, TEI Part No. 2405, from TEI. If desired, a piston may be reused
if it meets the piston-to-liner clearance specifications. A 0.010 in. oversized piston, TEI Part No. 2405-1, may also be used in the
Sequence VIII test, provided it meets the piston-to-liner clearance specifications. Do not reuse pistons used in the CLR test engine
for L-38 testing or any other testing with leaded fuel in Sequence VIII testing. Clean used pistons according to the following
procedure before installation in the test engine.
The sole source of supply of the test engine known to the committee at this time is Test Engineering, Inc., 12718 Cimarron Path, San Antonio, TX 78249.
If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a
meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
The sole source of supply of crankshaft refinishing by chrome plating known to the committee at this time is OH Technologies, Inc., P.O. Box 5039, Mentor, OH,
44061-5039.
D6709 − 24
FIG. 3 Standard Crankcase Ventilation System for the Sequence VIII Power Section
6.1.4.1 Clean the piston crown of any carbon deposits using aliphatic naphtha and 3M fine-grade Scotch Brite pads. Wet the
cleaning pad in the solvent and scrub the deposit. Repeat until all carbon is removed.
6.1.4.2 Spray piston with clean solvent and air dry.
11,9
6.1.5 Piston Ring Assembly—Use a Dana/Perfect Circle piston ring assembly, Part No. 41274, in the Sequence VIII test engine.
Hastings Piston Ring, Part No. 41274R, available from TEI, may be used provided that the test laboratory has first completed an
acceptable reference oil test using this ring.
6.1.6 Test Engine Camshaft—Obtain a camshaft for the CLR test engine, Part No. 8211, from TEI. A remanufactured camshaft,
Part No. 8211R may be used if new camshafts are no longer available, provided that the test laboratory has first completed an
acceptable reference oil test using a remanufactured camshaft. Obtain remanufactured camshafts from TEI.
6.2 Fabricated or Specially Prepared Items:
6.2.1 A typical Sequence VIII engine test stand configuration is shown in Fig. 2.
6.2.2 Crankcase Ventilation System—Fig. 3 is a schematic of the required configuration of the crankcase ventilation measurement
and control system.
6.2.2.1 Fabricate the airtight rocker cover air and off-gas condensate trap/surge tanks shown in Fig. 3, with provisions for draining
The sole source of supply of the Dana/Perfect Circle piston ring assembly Part No. 41274 known to the committee at this time is Dana Corp., Perfect Circle Division,
1883 E. Laketon Ave., Product Distribution Center, Muskegon, MI 49442-6123.
D6709 − 24
FIG. 4 Crankcase Breather Detail
and cleaning. The volume of the rocker cover air tank shall be 3.8 L to 5.7 L. The volume of the off-gas tank shall be 38 L to 45 L.
Fabricate both tanks from noncorrosive material. Locate the tanks as shown in Fig. 3.
12,9
6.2.2.2 Rocker Cover Air Flow—Measure the air flow into the rocker cover by using a Sierra Side Track Model 830 flow meter
13,9
capable of measuring 0 L ⁄min to 20 L ⁄min. An optional Dwyer rotameter, Model No. RMC-101, with a range of 0 L ⁄h to
1420 L ⁄h may be used for ease of adjustments; however, take actual measurements with the Sierra flow meter. All piping and
tubing used to flow air into the rocker cover shall be nominal ID of 9.5 mm.
6.2.2.3 When a closed loop automated control system is employed, use a Badger meter research control valve, Model No.
14,9
1002-GCN36-SVCSC-LN36, (see Note 2) to control the rocker cover air flow. When using a manual control system instead
of the automated system, install a Swagelok ⁄8 in. metering valve, Part No. SS-6L, to control the air flow into the rocker cover.
NOTE 2—The letter prior to the last dash in the model number defines the trim size. Use the trim that gives the best system control.
6.2.2.4 Install a reservoir to facilitate oil additions during test operation at the rocker cover inlet for the crankcase ventilation air.
The construction of the reservoir is left up to the laboratory, but the reservoir needs to be airtight between oil additions and have
an outlet to attach to the rocker cover air control system.
6.2.2.5 Construct the off-gas breather as shown in Fig. 4 using American Standard Schedule 40, or equivalent, non-galvanized
pipe fittings. Apply sealant to the threads during assembly. Install the breather in the breather port of the oil gallery side cover (see
Fig. 5) of the engine power section. Fig. A11.1 shows freeze plug detail in an alternative configuration to that in Fig. 4.
6.2.2.6 Crankcase Off–Gas Flow—Measure the crankcase off-gas flow by using a Daniels Honed Orifice Flange Flow Section,
16,9
1 1
Model No. H1905T- ⁄2 in., with orifice plate, F-150- ⁄8 in., and a Rosemount differential pressure transducer, Model No.
The sole source of supply of Sierra Side Track flow meters known to the committee at this time is Sierra Instruments Inc., 5 Harris Ct, Building L, Monterey, CA 93940.
The sole source of supply of Dwyer instrumentation known to the committee at this time is Dwyer Instruments Inc., P.O. Box 60725, Houston, TX 77205.
The sole source of supply of Badger valves known to the committee at this time is Badger Meter Industrial Div., 6116 East 15th St., P.O. Box 581390, Tulsa, OK
74158-1390.
Except for the stainless steel wool and screens, parts for the construction of the crankcase breather may be obtained from many commercial sources. The part numbers
given identify the components available from McMaster Carr, Chicago, IL.
The sole source of supply of Daniels flow sections known to the committee at this time is Daniel Flow Products Inc., Flow Measurement Products Div., P.O. Box 19097,
Houston, TX 77224.
D6709 − 24
FIG. 5 Oil Gallery Side Cover
17,9
1151DP-3-S-22-D1B2. Mount the flow section horizontally. The transducer may be set up as square root extracting to aid in
interfacing with the readout. Locate temperature and pressure measurement devices at the inlet of the off-gas measurement
apparatus as shown in Fig. 3.
6.2.2.7 When a closed loop automated control system is employed, use a Badger meter research control valve, Model No.
1002-TCN36-SVCSA-LN36, to control the crankcase vacuum. When using a manual control system instead of the automated
control system, install a Swagelok ⁄8 in. metering valve, Part No. SS-6L, to control the crankcase vacuum. Both systems are shown
in Fig. 3.
18,9
6.2.2.8 Use a Vaccom vacuum aspirator, Model No. JD-90M, or a vacuum pump as a vacuum source.
6.2.2.9 Crankcase Off–Gas Inlet Pressure—Use a Dwyer Magnehelic, Model No. 2320, or a Sensotech pressure transducer, Model
No. TJE-756-05, to measure the off-gas air pressure. Locate the sensor at the inlet of the off-gas air flow apparatus as shown in
Fig. 3.
6.2.2.10 Crankcase Off–Gas Inlet Temperature—Measure the off-gas temperature with a J-type thermocouple, 3.2 mm in diameter.
Position the thermocouple tip in the middle of the air stream and expose no more than 50 mm of the sheath to ambient air. Locate
the thermocouple at the inlet of the off-gas flow measurement apparatus as shown in Fig. 3.
19,9
6.2.3 Oil Filter—Install a Racor, Model LFS-62 or LFS-55, oil filter as shown in Fig. 6. Use suitable hydraulic hose and
fittings.
6.2.3.1 Oil Drain Valves—Locate oil drain valves at points no higher than the bottom of the oil pan or the vertically mounted oil
heater.
6.2.4 Oil Heater—Install the oil heater as shown in Fig. 7. Use suitable hydraulic hose and fittings.
6.2.5 Power Section Cooling System—Install a non-pressurized cooling system consisting of a heat exchanger, water pump,
coolant throttling valve, sight glass, and tower (see Fig. 8). Use American Standard Schedule 40, or equivalent, non-galvanized
pipe fittings 20 mm in diameter and apply sealant to the threads during assembly.
6.2.5.1 Use a water-cooled heat exchanger. A heat exchanger of this type, suitable for this application, is available as American
21,9
Heat Exchanger, Part Number 5-030-03014-011.
6.2.5.2 Install a gate-type coolant throttling valve 20 mm in diameter on the output side of the coolant pump to maintain the
specified temperature differential between the coolant flowing into, and that flowing out of, the power section jacket.
The sole source of supply of Rosemount transducers known to the committee at this time is Rosemount Inc., 4001 Greenbriar, Ste 150B, Stafford, TX 77477.
The sole source of supply of Vaccom aspirators known to the committee at this time is McKenzie Air Industries, 18523 IH 35 North, Shertz, TX 78108.
The sole source of supply of the oil filters known to the committee at this time is Parker Hanifin Corp., Racor Division, 3400 Finch Road, Modesto, CA 95354.
20 3
Aeroquip ⁄8 in. (10 mm) (inside diameter) hydraulic hose has been used successfully to plumb the oil filter and oil heater; select hose of a specification to cover
temperatures and pressures encountered in Sequence VIII engine oil testing.
The sole source of supply of the heat exchanger known to the committee at this time is Compressor Engineering, 625 District Dr., Itasca, IL 60143.
D6709 − 24
FIG. 6 Oil Filter Installation
FIG. 7 Oil Heater Installation
FIG. 8 Cooling System
D6709 − 24
6.2.5.3 The coolant pump is an electrically driven centrifugal pump with a flow of approximately 18.9 L ⁄min at water head
pressure of 95.5 kPa. The Grainger Part No. 1P831 has been found suitable.
23,9
6.2.5.4 Install a sight glass located downstream of the cylinder head to permit detection of air entrainment.
6.2.5.5 Fabricate the tower using non-galvanized metal. Make it approximately 90 mm in diameter and 410 mm long. Fashion a
loose-fitting cover for it. Install a level gage, positioned to give a mid-scale reading when the system is filled. The system shall
have a minimum capacity of 7.5 L.
6.2.6 Exhaust System—Use either a water-quenched system or a dry system.
6.2.7 Ignition System—An electronic ignition system is required. The required system is illustrated in Figs. A13.1-A13.10. The
TMC and the Sequence VIII Surveillance Panel review and approve other electronic ignition system configurations prior to use.
6.3 Instruments and Controls:
6.3.1 Dynamometer—Use a dynamometer and control system capable of maintaining the specified engine operating test conditions
(see Section 11). Speed measurement shall have a minimum accuracy of 60.5 % of reading, and power minimum measurement
accuracy of 62 % of reading.
6.3.2 Fuel Flowmeter or Fuel Weigh System—Use a system with a range of 0 kg ⁄h to 4.5 kg ⁄h, and having a minimum accuracy
of 1 % of reading and a repeatability of 0.5 %.
6.3.3 Air–Fuel Ratio Measurement System—Use a system with a calibration capability of the equivalent of 60.5 air-fuel ratio
number. The following are acceptable methods for determination of air-fuel ratio:
6.3.3.1 Calibrated Electronic Exhaust Gas Analyzer—Use sample gases for the calibration. Follow the directions in Annex A15
to determine air-fuel ratio.
6.3.3.2 AFR Analyzer/Lambda Meter—The air fuel ratio (AFR) analyzer shall have a measurement range of 11.00 to 18.00 for
AFR with 1.85 H/C and 0.00 O/C, where: H is hydrogen, C is carbon and O is oxygen.
6.3.3.3 When a Lambda meter is used, locate the exhaust sensor within 150 mm 6 50 mm of the cylinder head exhaust outlet
mating surface.
6.3.4 Pressure Measurement:
6.3.4.1 Crankcase Vacuum—As shown in Fig. 3, connect a line trap and an appropriate sensor to the crankcase at the hole above
and to the right of the oil heater inlet hose connection on the oil gallery side cover. See Fig. 5 for the location of the crankcase
vacuum port. Measurement resolution of 50 Pa and an accuracy of 1 % in the specified range of 0.500 kPa 6 0.120 kPa are
required.
6.3.4.2 Exhaust Back Pressure—Connect an appropriate sensor to the exhaust back-pressure tap at a point within 100 mm of the
cylinder head exhaust flange. Sensor accuracy of 610 % of reading and resolution of 340 Pa are required.
6.3.4.3 Intake Manifold Vacuum—Measure the intake manifold vacuum at the elbow of the intake manifold by means of a sensor
having an accuracy of 1 % and a resolution of 680 Pa.
6.3.4.4 Oil Pressure—Measure the oil pressure with an appropriate sensor having an accuracy of 62 % and a resolution of 7 kPa,
connected to the point shown in Fig. 5.
Any Grainger national branch location.
The sole source of supply of a sight glass of this type, suitable for this application (Gitts-Part No. 3063-27) known to the committee at this time is Edward Fisher Co.,
118 S. Wabash, Chicago, IL 60616.
D6709 − 24
6.3.5 Temperature Measurement—The test requires the accurate measurement of oil and coolant temperature. Exercise care to
ensure temperature measurement accuracy. Follow the guidelines of Research Report RR:D02-1218.
6.3.5.1 Check all temperature devices for accuracy at the temperature levels at which they are to be used. Iron-Constantin (Type
J) thermocouples are specified for temperature measurement.
6.3.5.2 All thermocouples shall be premium grade, sheathed types with premium wire. Use thermocouples of 3.2 mm diameter.
Thermocouple lengths are not specified but shall not have greater than 50 mm of thermocouple sheath exposed to ambient
laboratory temperature.
6.3.5.3 Some sources of thermocouples that have been found suitable for this application are, Leeds and Northrup, Conax, Omega,
Revere, and Thermo Sensor.
6.3.5.4 System quality shall be adequate to permit calibration to 60.56 °C for individual thermocouples.
6.3.6 Thermocouple Location and Length—All thermocouple tips shall be located in the center of the stream of the medium being
measured unless otherwise specified.
6.3.6.1 Coolant Temperatures—Locate the thermocouples used to measure the coolant inlet and outlet temperatures within
100 mm of the inlet and outlet bosses on the power section.
6.3.6.2 Air Inlet Temperature—Measure the air inlet temperature with an exposed thermocouple or thermometer located at the
center of the air tube, 38 mm above the carburetor air horn.
6.3.6.3 Oil Gallery Temperature—Measure oil gallery temperature at the front main bearing passage (see Fig. 5). The immersion
length for these thermocouples is 35 mm.
6.3.6.4 Crankcase Off–Gas Temperature Measurement—Measure the off-gas temperature at the outlet side of the crankcase
breather assembly. Fig. 3 shows a recommended system.
6.4 Procurement of Parts—Obtain information on the CLR Oil Test Engine (see 6.1.1) and parts for it from TEI. Users of this test
method shall comply with CLR Oil Test Engine Shop Manual and the latest supplements (Information Letters and Memoranda)
available from the TMC.
7. Reagents and Materials
7.1 Reagents:
7.1.1 A 1:3 mixture of hydrochloric acid and deionized water. (Warning—The laboratory shall establish proper safety procedures
for handling and disposal of this reagent.)
7.1.2 A 1:8 mixture of baking soda and water. (Warning—The laboratory shall establish proper safety procedures for handling
and disposal of this reagent.)
7.2 Cleaning Materials:
7.2.1 Abrasive Paper, 400 grit, 600 grit, 800 grit, wet or dry.
7.2.2 Crocus Cloth.
7.2.3 Mylar Tape.
Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D02-1218. Contact ASTM Customer
Service at [e-mail].
The sand paper and Mylar tape may be obtained from many commercial sources.
D6709 − 24
26,9
7.2.4 Organic Solvent-Penmul L460 (Warning—Combustible. Health hazard.).
7.2.5 Pentane (Solvent), ≥99 %, high-performance liquid chromatography grade (Warning—Flammable. Health hazard).
7.2.6 Solvent—Use only mineral spirits meeting the requirements of Specification D235, Type II, Class C for Aromatic Content
0 % volume to 2 % volume, Flash Point (61 °C, min) and Color (not darker than +25 on Saybolt Scale or 25 on Pt-Co Scale).
(Warning—Combustible. Health hazard.) Obtain a Certificate of Analysis for each batch of solvent from the supplier.
7.2.7 Tap Water, heated to between 66 °C and 82 °C.
7.3 Expendable Power Section-Related Items:
7.3.1 Sealing Compounds—Approved sealing compounds, including pipe thread compound and gasket cement are:
7.3.1.1 Perfect Seal Sealant No. 4,
7.3.1.2 Permatex Ultra Blue 77B, identified and packaged as any of the following:
(1) 81724 95 g carded tube
(2) 85519 269 g PowerBead (Trademarked) can
(3) 81725 369 g cartridge
(4) 82170 95 g tube
7.3.1.3 Permatex 3H, Permatex High Tack 99 MA,
7.3.1.4 Dow Corning High Vacuum Grease,
7.3.1.5 Dow Corning RTV Gray 3154, and
7.3.1.6 Petroleum Jelly.
7.3.2 Power Section Build-Up Oil.
7.4 Power Section Coolant—Use deionized or distilled water for the power section coolant, plus a suitable inhibitor such as
29,9
Pencool 2000 used at 31 mL ⁄L of water. Such water purchased from a commercial source is suitable.
7.5 Reference Oils—Conduct test periodically on reference oils supplied by the TMC, to document the test severity of a given
power section and test stand, and the overall operation of the test. Use 8 L of reference oil for each test.
30,9
7.6 Test Fuel—Use Haltermann Products KA24E Test Fuel. The specification for KA24E Test Fuel can be obtained from the
ASTM Test Monitoring Center website,
www.astmtmc.org. (Warning—Flammable. Health hazard.)
7.6.1 Fuel Batch Approval—New batches of KA24E Test Fuel are approved for use by the Subcommittee D02.B0.01 Sequence
IVA Surveillance Panel.
7.6.2 Fuel Batch Analysis—Details are available from Subcommittee D02.B0.01 Sequence IVA Surveillance Panel.
The sole source of supply of Penmul L460, a registered trademark, known to the committee at this time is Penetone Corp., 7400 Hudson Ave., Tenafly, NJ 07670.
These may be obtained from many commercial sources.
Noncompounded oil ISO VG 46 (SAE 20) (see Classification D2422) is available through lubricant marketers. One supplier is Exxon-Mobil Oil Corp. The Exxon-Mobil
product is designated EF-411, and is available from Exxon-Mobil Oil Corp., P.O. Box 66940, AMF O’Hare, IL 60666, Attn: Illinois Order Board.
The sole source of supply of Pencool 2000 known to the committee at this time is The Penray Co, Inc., 1801 Estes Ave., Elk Grove, IL 60007.
The sole source of supply of Haltermann Products KA24E Test Fuel known to the committee at this time is Haltermann Products, Ten Lamar, Ste 1800, Houston, TX
77002.
Contact the TMC for address information for the D02.B0.01 Sequence IVA Surveillance Panel.
D6709 − 24
7.6.3 Laboratory Storage Tank Fuel Analysis—Details are available from Subcommittee D02.B0.01 Sequence IVA Surveillance
Panel.
7.6.4 Fuel Batch Shipment and Storage—Details are available from Subcommittee D02.B0.01 Sequence IVA Surveillance Panel.
8. Test Oil Sample Requirements
8.1 Selection—The sample of test oil shall be representative of the lubricant formulation being evaluated and shall be
uncontaminated.
8.2 Inspection—New oil sample baseline inspection requirements are described in 12.1.1.
8.3 Quantity—The fresh oil required to complete the test is approximately 7 L. It is recommended that a test laboratory have on
hand approximately 8 L when starting a test to allow for inadvertent losses.
9. Preparation of Apparatus
9.1 Test Stand Preparation:
9.1.1 Instrumentation Calibration—Check the calibration of temperature sensors, flowmeters, pressure sensors, and dynamometer
load indicator as required by the type of instrumentation being used. Details on calibration, of both power section and test stand,
and of instrumentation, are given in 10.2.
9.1.2 Preventive Maintenance—Refer to and comply with “instructions for Assembly and Disassembly of the CLR Oil Test
Engine” regarding details pertaining to care and maintenance of the accessory case.
9.2 Conditioning Test Run on Power Section—A new power section cannot be calibrated, nor is it suitable for test purposes, until
a full-length, conditioning test run has been conducted on the power section. The conditioning test run is required to prepare the
cast iron parts of such a power section, and the oil used for the run is a reference oil designated by the TMC. Upon completion
of the conditioning run, recondition the power section as described in 9.4 before conducting a test. (A conditioning run on a
reference oil shall not qualify as a reference test. Testing can commence only after a conditioning run and a reconditioning.)
9.3 General Power Section Rebuild Instructions—Assemble the power section according to the detailed instructions found in the
assembly manual. Compliance with all provisions of the assembly manual is mandatory. However, in cases of disparity, the explicit
instructions contained in this test method take precedence over the service manual. Information letters and memoranda issued by
the TMC shall supersede this manual. Failure to follow the instructions provided in this document and related TMC information
letters or memoranda, or both, may cause incorrect test results.
9.4 Reconditioning of Power Section After Each Test—Recondition a previously used power section before the start of a new test.
Decontaminate power sections previously used with leaded fuel using the procedure shown in Annex A16 before use. Follow the
parts replacement and cleaning procedures described in the following sections.
9.4.1 New Parts—Use the following new parts:
9.4.1.1 Piston and piston ring assembly,
NOTE 3—A used piston may be reused if it meets the requirements of 6.1.4.1 and the original piston pin is
...