ASTM C680-08
(Practice)Standard Practice for Estimate of the Heat Gain or Loss and the Surface Temperatures of Insulated Flat, Cylindrical, and Spherical Systems by Use of Computer Programs
Standard Practice for Estimate of the Heat Gain or Loss and the Surface Temperatures of Insulated Flat, Cylindrical, and Spherical Systems by Use of Computer Programs
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Manufacturers of thermal insulation express the performance of their products in charts and tables showing heat gain or loss per unit surface area or unit length of pipe. This data is presented for typical insulation thicknesses, operating temperatures, surface orientations (facing up, down, horizontal, vertical), and in the case of pipes, different pipe sizes. The exterior surface temperature of the insulation is often shown to provide information on personnel protection or surface condensation. However, additional information on effects of wind velocity, jacket emittance, ambient conditions and other influential parameters may also be required to properly select an insulation system. Due to the large number of combinations of size, temperature, humidity, thickness, jacket properties, surface emittance, orientation, and ambient conditions, it is not practical to publish data for each possible case, Refs (31,32).
Users of thermal insulation faced with the problem of designing large thermal insulation systems encounter substantial engineering cost to obtain the required information. This cost can be substantially reduced by the use of accurate engineering data tables, or available computer analysis tools, or both. The use of this practice by both manufacturers and users of thermal insulation will provide standardized engineering data of sufficient accuracy for predicting thermal insulation system performance. However, it is important to note that the accuracy of results is extremely dependent on the accuracy of the input data. Certain applications may need specific data to produce meaningful results.
The use of analysis procedures described in this practice can also apply to designed or existing systems. In the rectangular coordinate system, Practice C 680 can be applied to heat flows normal to flat, horizontal or vertical surfaces for all types of enclosures, such as boilers, furnaces, refrigerated chambers and building envelopes. In the cylindrical coordinate s...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides the algorithms and calculation methodologies for predicting the heat loss or gain and surface temperatures of certain thermal insulation systems that can attain one dimensional, steady- or quasi-steady-state heat transfer conditions in field operations.
1.2 This practice is based on the assumption that the thermal insulation systems can be well defined in rectangular, cylindrical or spherical coordinate systems and that the insulation systems are composed of homogeneous, uniformly dimensioned materials that reduce heat flow between two different temperature conditions.
1.3 Qualified personnel familiar with insulation-systems design and analysis should resolve the applicability of the methodologies to real systems. The range and quality of the physical and thermal property data of the materials comprising the thermal insulation system limit the calculation accuracy. Persons using this practice must have a knowledge of the practical application of heat transfer theory relating to thermal insulation materials and systems.
1.4 The computer program that can be generated from the algorithms and computational methodologies defined in this practice is described in Section 7 of this practice. The computer program is intended for flat slab, pipe and hollow sphere insulation systems.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: C680 – 08
Standard Practice for
Estimate of the Heat Gain or Loss and the Surface
Temperatures of Insulated Flat, Cylindrical, and Spherical
1
Systems by Use of Computer Programs
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C680; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This practice provides the algorithms and calculation 2.1 ASTM Standards:
methodologies for predicting the heat loss or gain and surface C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
temperatures of certain thermal insulation systems that can C177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-
attain one dimensional, steady- or quasi-steady-state heat ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of
transfer conditions in field operations. the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
1.2 Thispracticeisbasedontheassumptionthatthethermal C335 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Proper-
insulation systems can be well defined in rectangular, cylindri- ties of Pipe Insulation
cal or spherical coordinate systems and that the insulation C518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission
systems are composed of homogeneous, uniformly dimen- Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
sioned materials that reduce heat flow between two different C585 Practice for Inner and Outer Diameters of Thermal
temperature conditions. Insulation for Nominal Sizes of Pipe and Tubing
1.3 Qualified personnel familiar with insulation-systems C1055 Guide for Heated System Surface Conditions that
design and analysis should resolve the applicability of the Produce Contact Burn Injuries
methodologies to real systems. The range and quality of the C1057 Practice for Determination of Skin Contact Tem-
physical and thermal property data of the materials comprising perature from Heated Surfaces Using a Mathematical
the thermal insulation system limit the calculation accuracy. Model and Thermesthesiometer
Persons using this practice must have a knowledge of the 2.2 Other Document:
practical application of heat transfer theory relating to thermal NBS Circular 564 Tables of Thermodynamic and Transport
insulation materials and systems. Properties of Air, U.S. Dept of Commerce
1.4 The computer program that can be generated from the
3. Terminology
algorithms and computational methodologies defined in this
practiceisdescribedinSection7ofthispractice.Thecomputer 3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this prac-
tice, refer to Terminology C168.
program is intended for flat slab, pipe and hollow sphere
insulation systems. 3.1.1 thermal insulation system—forthispractice,athermal
insulation system is a system comprised of a single layer or
1.5 Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical layers of homogeneous, uniformly dimensioned material(s)
intended for reduction of heat transfer between two different
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard. temperature conditions. Heat transfer in the system is steady-
state. Heat flow for a flat system is normal to the flat surface,
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the and heat flow for cylindrical and spherical systems is radial.
3.2 Symbols—The following symbols are used in the devel-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- opment of the equations for this practice. Other symbols will
be introduced and defined in the detailed description of the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
development.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on Thermal
Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.30 on Thermal
2
Measurement. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2008. Published September 2008. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
´4
approved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as C680-04 . DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C0680-08. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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C680 – 08
4.1.1 The computer program combines functions of data
where:
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input, analysis and data output into an easy to use, interactive
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
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Designation:C680–04 Designation: C 680 – 08
Standard Practice for
Estimate of the Heat Gain or Loss and the Surface
Temperatures of Insulated Flat, Cylindrical, and Spherical
1
Systems by Use of Computer Programs
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C680; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
´ NOTE—Footnote 3 was editorially revised in November 2004.
2
´ NOTE—TableA1.1 was editorially corrected in August 2005.
3
´ NOTE— Footnote 3 and Section 2.3 were editorially deleted in September 2006.
4
´ NOTE— Table A1.1 was editorially corrected in June 2007.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice provides the algorithms and calculation methodologies for predicting the heat loss or gain and surface
temperatures of certain thermal insulation systems that can attain one dimensional, steady- or quasi-steady-state heat transfer
conditions in field operations.
1.2 This practice is based on the assumption that the thermal insulation systems can be well defined in rectangular, cylindrical
or spherical coordinate systems and that the insulation systems are composed of homogeneous, uniformly dimensioned materials
that reduce heat flow between two different temperature conditions.
1.3 Qualified personnel familiar with insulation-systems design and analysis should resolve the applicability of the
methodologies to real systems. The range and quality of the physical and thermal property data of the materials comprising the
thermal insulation system limit the calculation accuracy. Persons using this practice must have a knowledge of the practical
application of heat transfer theory relating to thermal insulation materials and systems.
1.4 The computer program that can be generated from the algorithms and computational methodologies defined in this practice
isdescribedinSection7ofthispractice.Thecomputerprogramisintendedforflatslab,pipeandhollowsphereinsulationsystems.
An executable version of a program based on this standard may be obtained from ASTM.
1.5The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.The values given in parentheses are for information
only. of this practice. The computer program is intended for flat slab, pipe and hollow sphere insulation systems.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C168Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulating Materials Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
C177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the
Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
C335 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Properties of Horizontal Pipe Insulation
C518 TestMethodforSteady-StateHeatFluxMeasurementsandThermalTransmissionPropertiesbyMeansoftheHeatFlow
Meter Apparatus
C585 PracticeforInnerandOuterDiametersofRigidThermalInsulationforNominalSizesofPipeandTubing(NPSSystem)
C1055 Guide for Heated System Surface Conditions Thatthat Produce Contact Burn Injuries
C1057 Practice for Determination of Skin Contact Temperature from Heated Surfaces Using a Mathematical Model and
Thermesthesiometer
1
ThispracticeisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeC16onThermalInsulationandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeC16.30onThermalMeasurement.
Current edition approved May 1, 2004. Published June 2004. Originally approved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as C680-03a.
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Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2008. Published September 2008. Originally approved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as C680-04 .
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United S
...
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