ASTM D5887-08
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Measurement of Index Flux Through Saturated Geosynthetic Clay Liner Specimens Using a Flexible Wall Permeameter
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Index Flux Through Saturated Geosynthetic Clay Liner Specimens Using a Flexible Wall Permeameter
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method yields the flux of water through a saturated GCL specimen that is consolidated, hydrated, and permeated under a prescribed set of conditions.
This test method can be performed to determine if the flux of a GCL specimen exceeds the maximum value stated by the manufacturer.
This test method can be used to determine the variation in flux within a sample of GCL by testing a number of different specimens.
This test method does not provide a flux value to be used directly in design calculations.
Note 1—Flux for in-service conditions depends on a number of factors, including confining pressure, type of hydration fluid, degree of hydration, degree of saturation, type of permeating fluid, and hydraulic gradient. Correlation between flux values obtained with this test method and flux through GCLs subjected to in-service conditions has not been fully investigated.
This test method does not provide a value of hydraulic conductivity. Although hydraulic conductivity can be determined in a manner similar to the method described in this test method, the thickness of the specimen is needed to calculate hydraulic conductivity. This test method does not include procedures for measuring the thickness of the GCL nor of the clay component within the GCL.
The apparatus used in this test method is commonly used to determine the hydraulic conductivity of soil specimens. However, flux values measured in this test are typically much lower than those commonly measured for most natural soils. It is essential that the leakage rate of the apparatus used in this test be less than 10 % of the flux.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers an index test that covers laboratory measurement of flux through saturated geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) specimens using a flexible wall permeameter.
1.2 This test method is applicable to GCL products having geotextile backing(s). It may not be applicable to GCL products with geomembrane backing(s).
1.3 This test method provides a measurement of flux under a prescribed set of conditions that can be used for manufacturing quality control. The test method can also be used to check conformance. The flux value determined using this test method is not considered to be representative of the in-service flux of GCLs.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard, unless other units are specifically given.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D5887–08
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Index Flux Through Saturated Geosynthetic
1
Clay Liner Specimens Using a Flexible Wall Permeameter
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5887; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.1 This test method covers an index test that covers
laboratory measurement of flux through saturated geosynthetic
3. Terminology
clay liner (GCL) specimens using a flexible wall permeameter.
3.1 Definitions:
1.2 This test method is applicable to GCL products having
3.1.1 flux, n—the rate of discharge of water under laminar
geotextile backing(s). It may not be applicable to GCL prod-
flow conditions through a unit cross-sectional area of a GCL
ucts with geomembrane backing(s).
specimen.
1.3 This test method provides a measurement of flux under
3.1.2 geosynthetic clay liner (GCL), n—a factory-
a prescribed set of conditions that can be used for manufactur-
manufactured geosynthetic hydraulic barrier consisting of clay
ing quality control. The test method can also be used to check
supported by geotextiles, or geomembranes, or both, that are
conformance.The flux value determined using this test method
held together by needling, stitching, or chemical adhesives.
is not considered to be representative of the in-service flux of
3.1.3 index test, n—atestprocedurethatmaycontainabias,
GCLs.
butthatmaybeusedtoestablishanorderforasetofspecimens
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
with respect to the property of interest.
standard, unless other units are specifically given.
3.1.4 For definitions of other terms used in this test method,
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
see Terminology D 653 and Terminology D 4439.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Summary of Test Method
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.1 This test method involves permeation of a 100-mm
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
(4-in.) diameter GCL test specimen. The specimen is set up in
2. Referenced Documents a flexible-wall permeameter, subjected to a total stress of 550
2 kPa(80psi)andabackpressureof515kPa(75psi)foraperiod
2.1 ASTM Standards:
of 48 h. Flow is initiated using deionized water by raising the
D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
pressureontheinfluentsideofthetestspecimento530kPa(77
Fluids
psi). The flux is determined when inflow and outflow are
D 2216 Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Wa-
approximately equal (within 625 %).
ter (Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by Mass
D 4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
5. Significance and Use
D 4753 Guide for Evaluating, Selecting, and Specifying
5.1 This test method yields the flux of water through a
Balances and Standard Masses for Use in Soil, Rock, and
saturated GCL specimen that is consolidated, hydrated, and
Construction Materials Testing
permeated under a prescribed set of conditions.
E 145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-
5.2 This test method can be performed to determine if the
Ventilation Ovens
flux of a GCLspecimen exceeds the maximum value stated by
the manufacturer.
1
5.3 This test method can be used to determine the variation
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on
Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.04 on Geosyn-
influxwithinasampleofGCLbytestinganumberofdifferent
thetic Clay Liners.
specimens.
Current edition approved July 1, 2008. Published July 2008. Originally approved
5.4 Thistestmethoddoesnotprovideafluxvaluetobeused
in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D 5887 – 04.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or directly in design calculations.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
NOTE 1—Fluxforin-serviceconditionsdependsonanumberoffactors,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. including confining pressure, type of hydration fluid, degree of hydration,
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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D5887–08
degree of saturation, type of permeating fluid, and hydraulic gradient.
facilitate saturation. The system shall be capable of maintain-
Correlation between flux values obtained wit
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D5887–04 Designation:D5887–08
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Index Flux Through Saturated Geosynthetic
1
Clay Liner Specimens Using a Flexible Wall Permeameter
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5887; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers an index test that covers laboratory measurement of flux through saturated geosynthetic clay liner
(GCL) specimens using a flexible wall permeameter.
1.2 This test method is applicable to GCLproducts having geotextile backing(s). It may not be applicable to GCLproducts with
geomembrane backing(s).
1.3 This test method provides a measurement of flux under a prescribed set of conditions that can be used for manufacturing
quality control. The test method can also be used to check conformance. The flux value determined using this test method is not
considered to be representative of the in-service flux of GCLs.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard, unless other units are specifically given.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
D 2216 Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Water (Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by Mass
D 4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
D 4753 Guide for Evaluating, Selecting, and Specifying Balances and Standard Masses for Use in Soil, Rock, and Construction
Materials Testing
E 145 Specification for Gravity—Convection and Forced-Ventilation Ovens Specification for Gravity-Convection and
Forced-Ventilation Ovens
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 flux, n—the rate of discharge of water under laminar flow conditions through a unit cross-sectional area of a GCL
specimen.
3.1.2 geosynthetic clay liner (GCL), n— a factory-manufactured geosynthetic hydraulic barrier consisting of clay supported by
geotextiles, or geomembranes, or both, that are held together by needling, stitching, or chemical adhesives.
3.1.3 index test, n—a test procedure that may contain a bias, but that may be used to establish an order for a set of specimens
with respect to the property of interest.
3.1.4 For definitions of other terms used in this test method, see Terminology D 653 and Terminology D 4439.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This test method involves permeation of a 100-mm (4-in.) diameter GCL test specimen. The specimen is set up in a
flexible-wall permeameter, subjected to a total stress of 550 kPa (80 psi) and a backpressure of 515 kPa (75 psi) for a period of
48 h. Flow is initiated using deionized water by raising the pressure on the influent side of the test specimen to 530 kPa (77 psi).
The flux is determined when inflow and outflow are approximately equal (within 625 %).
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.04 on Geosynthetic Clay
Liners.
Current edition approved JuneJuly 1, 2004.2008. Published July 2004.2008. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 19992004 as
D5887–99.D 5887 – 04.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5887–08
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method yields the flux of water through a saturated GCL specimen that is consolidated, hydrated, and permeated
under a prescribed set of conditions.
5.2 This test method can be performed to determine if the flux of a GCL specimen exceeds the maximum value stated by the
manufacturer.
5.3 This test method can be used to determine the variation in flux within a sample of GCL by testin
...
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