ASTM D5058-90(1996)
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Compatibility of Screening Analysis of Waste
Standard Test Methods for Compatibility of Screening Analysis of Waste
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover assessment of the compatibility/reactivity of waste. The individual test methods are as follows: SectionsTest Method A-Commingled Waste Compatibility8-12 Test Method B-Polymerization Potential (Reaction with Triethylamine)13-18Test Method C-Water Compatibility19-25
1.2 These test methods are applicable to waste liquids, sludges, semi-solids, and solids.
1.3 These test methods are designed and intended as a preliminary or supplementary test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques that should be used to determine waste composition and compatibilities. This standard offers the user the option and the ability to screen wastes for potentially hazardous reactions when the more sophisticated techniques are not available and the total waste composition is unknown and to screen compatibility when the composition is known.
Note 1--Warning: Delayed or slow reactions of wastes may go unnoticed.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Sections 10, 15, and 23 and Notes 1 and 2.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
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Designation: D 5058 – 90 (Reapproved 1996)
Standard Test Methods for
Compatibility of Screening Analysis of Waste
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5058; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope age of Standard Solutions for Chemical Analysis
1.1 These test methods cover assessment of the
3. Terminology
compatibility/reactivity of waste. The individual test methods
3.1 Definition of Term Specific to This Standard:
are as follows:
3.1.1 screening—a preliminary qualitative or semi-
Sections
quantitative test, developed from classical qualitative and
Test Method A—Commingled Waste Compatibility 8-12
Test Method B—Polymerization Potential (Reaction with
quantitative techniques, that is designed to efficiently give the
Triethylamine) 13-18
user specific information about a waste that will aid in
Test Method C—Water Compatibility 19-25
determining waste identification, process compatibility, and
1.2 These test methods are applicable to waste liquids,
safety in handling.
sludges, semi-solids, and solids.
1.3 These test methods are designed and intended as a 4. Summary of Test Methods
preliminary or supplementary test to complement the more
4.1 Test Method A— Representative samples of waste are
sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques that should be
added to each other. The generation of heat or violent reaction
used to determine waste composition and compatibilities. This
is noted. In addition, the production of mists, fumes, dusts,
standard offers the user the option and the ability to screen
gases, layering, polymerization, precipitation, emulsification or
wastes for potentially hazardous reactions when the more
increase in viscosity and other chemical or physical changes
sophisticated techniques are not available and the total waste
are noted.
composition is unknown and to screen compatibility when the
4.2 Test Method B— Reactivity of wastes is determined by
composition is known.
adding an aliquot of a sample to an equal volume of reagent
and observing any characteristic reaction, such as temperature
NOTE 1—Warning: Delayed or slow reactions of wastes may go
increase, gas evolution, gelling, or polymerization.
unnoticed.
4.3 Test Method C— Water and the waste are mixed in an
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
approximate 10 + 1 ratio to test for compatibility. A thermom-
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
eter is used to measure heat generation when applicable.
only.
Qualitative solubility and relative apparent density are ob-
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
served concurrently.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5. Purity of Reagents
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
statements, see Sections 10, 15, and 23 and Notes 1 and 2.
all reagents conform to the specifications of the Committee on
Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society, where
2. Referenced Documents
such specifications are available. Other grades may be used
2.1 ASTM Standards:
provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
high purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of
E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
the determination (see Practice E 200).
E 200 Practice for Preparation, Standardization, and Stor-
1 4
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.05.
Waste Management and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.05 on “Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications,” Am. Chemi-
Screening Methods. cal Soc., Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not listed by
Current edition approved May 25, 1990. Published July 1990. the American Chemical Society, see “Reagent Chemicals and Standards,” by Joseph
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01. Rosin, D. Van Nostrand Co., Inc., New York, NY, and the “United States
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03. Pharmacopeia.”
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 5058
5.2 Purity of Water— Unless otherwise indicated, refer- 11.2.1 Both quantities A and B must be stated in the same
ences to water shall be understood to mean reagent water as units of measure; pounds or gallons are typically used.
defined by Type III of Specification D 1193. 11.2.2 The waste in a tank can be estimated from the design
volume of the tank. The volume of a tank truck can be
6. Sampling
determined from the contents’ net weight and an estimate of
the density. A value of 3.75 kg/L (8.34 lb/gal) can be used as an
NOTE 2—Precaution: Avoid inhalation of or skin contact with any
hazardous waste. approximate density for a wide range of aqueous wastes.
11.2.3 The total volume of A and B, upon mixing, should
6.1 Obtain representative samples of waste. If composite
not exceed 300 mL. The initial volume A (150 mL) may be
samples are taken, report any generation of heat, gases or solids
adjusted proportionally to accommodate total volume specifi-
during compositing. If reactions are observed during compos-
cation.
iting, then individual samples should be taken. If the waste is
suspected of containing varying proportions of reactive com-
NOTE 3—Warning: Perform a pre-test using 1 or 2 mL of each sample
pounds, take individual samples and conduct tests on each to reduce the risk when mixing potentially highly reactive wastes.
sample.
11.3 Place in a 500-mL beaker 150 mL of a representative
6.2 Allow all samples to stabilize to room temperature and
sample from the storage tank or treatment unit.
analyze as soon as possible.
11.3.1 Measure the temperature, when applicable, of the test
6.3 Always perform this procedure in a hood with the sash
sample and remove the thermometer.
down as far as possible.
NOTE 4—High precision thermometers may be employed to provide
higher sensitivity in temperature readings.
7. Quality Assurance
11.4 Use the ratio A + B of wastes to determine the aliquot,
7.1 Thermometers are evaluated and verified at a frequency
V, in milliliters, of incoming waste to now be added. Use the
specified by the laboratory (see Specification E 1).
following equation:
7.2 Care is taken to ensure that samples are representative of
the total wastes involved. V 5 V ~A/B! (1)
TEST METHOD A—COMMINGLED WASTE
where V is the volume in milliliters used in step 11.3 (150
COMPATIBILITY
mL), and A and B are as defined in 11.1 and 11.2 respectively.
11.5 Slowly and very carefully add the aliquot V of incom-
8. Significance and Use
ing waste to the test sample volume V already in the beaker.
8.1 This test method is intended for use by those in the
11.5.1 The recommended rate of addition is approximately
waste management industries to aid in determining the com-
1 mL/s.
patibility of hazardous wastes before they are commingled.
11.5.2 While the addition is in progress, watch for adverse
reactions.
9. Apparatus
NOTE 5—Warning: If a reaction is observed, stop the addition imme-
9.1 Graduated Cylinders, 100 mL.
diately and report the observation.
9.2 Thermometer, 20 to 110°C or equivalent with 0.5°C
divisions. 11.6 If after adding the aliquot V of incoming waste no
adverse reaction is observed, mix well and immediately mea-
9.3 Disposable Pipet.
9.4 Spatula. sure the temperature.
9.5 Beakers, 500 mL. 11.6.1 Compare the temperature here with the temperature
9.6 Funnels. measured in step 11.3.1. Record the difference, using ( + ) to
9.7 Vortex Mixer (optional). indicate an increase and (−) to indicate a decrease in tempera-
ture (see Note 4).
10. Hazards
NOTE 6—Mixing the representative waste samples at equal proportions
10.1 Precaution—Avoid inhalation of and skin and eye
can increase the sensitivity of reactivity and may be used as a substitute
contact with any hazardous material.
or in addition to the test based on actual proportions.
10.2 Precaution—This procedure must be performed
11.7 Record any generation of heat or violent reaction.
within a laboratory fume hood with the sash down as far as
Record the production of any mists, fumes, dust, or gases. Any
possible.
layering, polymerization, precipitation, emulsification, in-
10.3 Caution—By keeping the sample size small and by
crease in viscosity, bubbling, foaming, solidification, spatter-
first screening for very reactive wastes, the overall hazard is
ing, or other interaction of the commingle
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