ASTM E3104-17(2023)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Strippable and Removable Coatings to Mitigate Spread of Radioactive Contamination
Standard Specification for Strippable and Removable Coatings to Mitigate Spread of Radioactive Contamination
ABSTRACT
This specification prescribes the performance criteria for strippable/removable coatings used in immobilizing radioactive contamination, minimizing worker exposure, and facilitating subsequent decontamination or protecting uncontaminated areas against the spread of radioactive contamination. It covers the minimum performance requirements (shelf life, tensile strength, adhesion, abrasion resistance, dry/cure time, decontamination factor, airborne release fraction) as well as the mechanical and chemical properties for strippable/removable coatings. The strippable/removable coating is intended to reduce: migration of the radioactive contamination into or along buildings, equipment, and other surfaces; resuspension of contamination into the air and the airborne intake hazards of the contamination; and the spread of contamination as a result of external forces such as pedestrian traffic. The strippable/removable coating shall: be applicable to both vertical and horizontal surfaces; work within a range of environmental and radiological conditions; and be readily applied to both porous and nonporous materials such as concrete, wood, metal, ceramics, and plastics. Furthermore, the strippable/removable coating may include constituents that will physically or chemically bind and immobilize radioactive contamination.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification is intended to provide a basis for identification of strippable/removable materials used to immobilize radioactive contamination, minimize worker exposure, and facilitate subsequent decontamination or to protect uncontaminated areas against the spread of radioactive contamination.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E3104 − 17 (Reapproved 2023)
Standard Specification for
Strippable and Removable Coatings to Mitigate Spread of
Radioactive Contamination
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3104; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E2731 Specification for Materials to Mitigate the Spread of
Radioactive Contamination after a Radiological Disper-
1.1 This specification is intended to provide a basis for
sion Event (Withdrawn 2018)
identification of strippable/removable materials used to immo-
bilize radioactive contamination, minimize worker exposure,
3. Terminology
and facilitate subsequent decontamination or to protect uncon-
3.1 Definitions:
taminated areas against the spread of radioactive contamina-
3.1.1 contamination, n—radioactive material in an un-
tion.
wanted location.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.1.2 decontamination, n—removal of contamination from
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
an unwanted location.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
3.1.3 decontamination system, n—one or more products or
and are not considered standard.
procedures, or both, that, when used together, form a stabiliz-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ing material to hold or bind radioactive contamination for
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
subsequent removal from the substrate.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.4 environmental conditions, n—external factors that
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
may contribute to the performance of the coating including, but
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
not limited to, temperature, humidity, and ventilation.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- 3.1.5 immobilize, v—to fix in place; to prevent movement or
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the re-aerosolization of particulates due to mechanical or environ-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- mental forces such as by tracking, precipitation, or wind.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
(E2731–09)
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.6 lower flammability limit (LFL), n—the lower end of
the concentration range over which a flammable mixture of gas
2. Referenced Documents
or vapor in air can be ignited at a given temperature and
2.1 ASTM Standards:
pressure.
D412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplas-
3.1.7 removable coating, n—products that fall outside the
tic Elastomers—Tension
purview of strippable coatings, that is, products that are
D4060 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic
temporary coatings and removed through methods other than
Coatings by the Taber Abraser
stripping, that are used to physically or chemically hold or bind
D4541 Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings Using
radioactive particulate that may also be capable of subsequent
Portable Adhesion Testers
removal of radioactive contamination.
3.1.8 strippable coating, n—durable film-forming product
used to physically or chemically hold or bind radioactive
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E10 on
particulate that may also be capable of subsequent removal of
Nuclear Technology and Applications and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
mittee E10.03 on Radiological Protection for Decontamination and Decommission-
radioactive contamination.
ing of Nuclear Facilities and Components.
3.1.9 waste acceptance criteria (WAC), n—the criteria that a
Current edition approved June 1, 2023. Published June 2023. Originally
approved in 2017. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as E3104 – 17. DOI: material must meet for acceptance in a waste disposal site;
10.1520/E3104-17R23.
these criteria may vary per disposal site.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E3104 − 17 (2023)
3.1.10 working time, n—the time period between the open- 5.3 The strippable/removable coating shall have sufficient
ing of the material storage container or mixing of components mechanical properties to withstand long-term wear associated
until the prepared material can no longer be successfully with incidental abrasion and abrasive foot traffic that are likely
applied to a surface. to cause resuspension or transport of the stabilized contami-
nant.
4. Significance and Use
5.4 The strippable/removable coating should be applicable
to the desired surface without significant surface preparation
4.1 Some of these specifications may prove difficult to meet.
(cleaning, sanding, primer layer, etc.).
A product that meets some, but not all, of the performance
specifications herein may have value, and this specification
6. Chemical Properties
may be used as a guide by which to evaluate such products.
6.1 The strippable/removable coating shall not include nor
4.2 This specification establishes performance specifica-
generate toxic by-products as defined by the U.S. Occupational
tions for a coating that is intended to immobilize dispersible
Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) during preparation,
radioactive contamination deposited on buildings and equip-
application, or removal under normal conditions. A Safety Data
ment as might result from anticipated to unanticipated events to
Sheet must be provided so that appropriate personal protective
include normal operating conditions, post-operational cleanout
equipment can be selected.
(decontamination), decommissioning, and radiological release.
6.2 The strippable/removable coating shall not generate
4.3 The strippable/removable coating is intended to be
flammable by-products above 20 % of the lower flammability
removable during subsequent decontamination operations. It is
limit (LFL).
intended to reduce: (1) migration of the contamination into or
6.3 The strippable/removable coating shall be non-volatile
along buildings, equipment, and other surfaces; (2) resuspen-
after curing with respect to chemical interaction under normal
sion of contamination into the air; and (3) the spread of
operating conditions.
contamination as a result of external forces such
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