EN 17346:2020
(Main)Ambient air - Standard method for the determination of the concentration of ammonia using diffusive samplers
Ambient air - Standard method for the determination of the concentration of ammonia using diffusive samplers
This document specifies a method for the sampling and analysis of NH3 in ambient air using diffusive sampling.
It can be used for NH3 measurements at ambient levels, but the concentration range and exposure time are sampler dependent, and the end user is therefore advised to match the sampler type to the measurement requirement and to follow the operating instructions provided by the manufacturer.
Außenluft - Messverfahren zur Bestimmung der Konzentration von Ammoniak mit Passivsammlern
Dieses Dokument legt ein Verfahren zur Probenahme und Analyse von NH3 in Außenluft mit Passivsammlern fest.
Es kann für NH3 Messungen bei Außenluftkonzentrationen verwendet werden; Konzentrationsbereich und Expositionszeit sind aber sammlerabhängig. Dem Anwender wird daher empfohlen, einen den Messanforderungen entsprechenden Sammlertyp zu wählen und sich an die Herstellerangaben zu halten.
Air ambiant - Méthode normalisée pour la détermination de la concentration en ammoniac au moyen d’échantillonneurs par diffusion
Le présent document spécifie une méthode pour l’échantillonnage et l’analyse du NH3 dans l’air ambiant à l’aide d’échantillonneurs par diffusion.
Elle peut être utilisée pour mesurer le NH3 aux niveaux ambiants, mais la gamme de concentrations et la durée d’exposition dépendent de l’échantillonneur. Il est donc conseillé à l’utilisateur final d’adapter le type d’échantillonneur aux exigences de mesure et de se conformer aux instructions d’utilisation fournies par le fabricant.
Kakovost zunanjega zraka - Standardna metoda za določevanje koncentracije amoniaka z difuzijskim vzorčenjem
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2020
Kakovost zunanjega zraka - Standardna metoda za določevanje koncentracije
amoniaka z difuzijskim vzorčenjem
Ambient Air Quality - Standard method for the determination of the concentration of
ammonia by diffusive sampling
Außenluftqualität - Messverfahren zur Bestimmung der Konzentration von Ammoniak mit
Passivsammlern
Air ambiant - Méthode normalisée pour la détermination de la concentration d'ammoniac
au moyen d'échantillonneurs par diffusion
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 17346:2020
ICS:
13.040.20 Kakovost okoljskega zraka Ambient atmospheres
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 17346
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
May 2020
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.040.20
English Version
Ambient air - Standard method for the determination of
the concentration of ammonia using diffusive samplers
Air ambiant - Méthode normalisée pour la Außenluft - Messverfahren zur Bestimmung der
détermination de la concentration en ammoniac au Konzentration von Ammoniak mit Passivsammlern
moyen d'échantillonneurs par diffusion
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 April 2020.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 17346:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 9
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms and definitions . 9
4 Description of samplers . 11
4.1 Principle . 11
4.2 Implementation . 11
4.3 Tube-type samplers. 11
4.4 Badge-type samplers . 12
4.5 Radial samplers . 12
5 Calculation of the concentration of NH . 12
5.1 Mass concentration . 12
5.2 Conversion to standard conditions of temperature and pressure . 13
6 Quality control/quality assurance . 13
6.1 Quality control . 13
6.2 Quality assurance . 14
7 Report . 14
8 Performance requirements and measurement uncertainty . 15
Annex A (informative) Tube-type samplers . 16
A.1 Sampler design . 16
A.2 Extraction and analysis . 16
A.3 Application range and conditions . 16
Annex B (informative) Badge-type samplers . 18
B.1 Type 1 badge-type sampler . 18
B.2 Type 2 badge-type sampler . 20
B.3 Type 3 badge-type sampler . 23
B.4 Type 4 badge-type sampler . 25
Annex C (informative) Radial samplers . 29
C.1 Sampler design . 29
C.2 Extraction and analysis . 30
C.3 Application range and conditions . 31
Annex D (informative) Summary of passive diffusive sampling rate data . 32
Annex E (normative) Estimation of the sampling rate of the samplers . 33
Annex F (informative) Measurement uncertainty calculation . 35
F.1 Measurement equation . 35
F.2 Combined standard uncertainty . 35
F.3 Expanded relative uncertainty . 36
F.4 Uncertainty contributions . 36
Bibliography . 41
European foreword
This document (EN 17346:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air quality”,
the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2020, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by November 2020.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.
Introduction
Atmospheric ammonia (NH ) is a pollutant of major environmental concern with adverse effects on
forests, species composition of semi-natural ecosystems and soils [1-4]. Emission and deposition of NH
can contribute significantly to total nitrogen deposition to the environment, contributing to
eutrophication (nutrient enrichment) and acidification (oxidation of NH to nitrate resulting in release of
+
H ions) of land and freshwaters, leading to a reduction in both soil and water quality, loss of biodiversity
and ecosystem change [5-10].
In addition to these effects, NH3 is the major precursor for neutralization of atmospheric acids, affecting
the long-range transport distance of both SO and NO and leading to the formation of secondary particles
2 x
(primarily ammonium sulphate and ammonium nitrate) [11-13]. These particles have multiple impacts
including effects on atmospheric visibility, radiative scattering (and the greenhouse effect) and on human
health.
The recognition of NH as an important air pollutant led to its inclusion in international agreements to
reduce air pollutant emissions, first under the 1999 UNECE Gothenburg Protocol and then the National
Emissions Ceilings Directive (NECD) (2001/81/EC) of the EU. The target of both these agreements is that
NH emissions should not exceed emission ceilings set for EU member states, with a particular focus on
reducing the extent of critical loads exceedance for acidification and eutrophication effects. Revision of
the Gothenburg Protocol (2012) and the NEC Directive (2016) include new, more stringent emission
ceilings for 2020 that seek more environmental protection and improvement in air quality than has so
far been committed, including the introduction of an emissions ceiling for particulate matter (PM). Under
the 2012 UNECE Gothenburg Protocol, EU member states have to jointly cut their emissions of NH by
6 % and particles by 22 % between 2005 and 2020. As a precursor of PM, controlling NH is important to
reducing particle emissions of PM and PM . A recent study employing three chemical transport models
2,5 10
found that the models underestimated the formation of ammonium particles and concluded that the role
of NH on PM is larger than originally thought [14]. Thus the implementation of 2020 targets detailed
above may not be enough to deliver compliance with proposed particle limit values, and further local
measures may be required to be compliant.
Other legislations to abate NH emissions include the Industrial Emissions Directive (IED) (2010/75/EU)
which requires pig and poultry farms (above stated size thresholds) to reduce emissions using Best
Available Techniques. For the protection of vegetation and ecosystems, new revised “Critical Levels” (CL)
3 3
of NH concentrations were adopted in 2007 (see Table 1), of 1 µg/m and 3 µg/m annual mean for the
protection of lichens/bryophytes and higher plants under field conditions, respectively, which replaced
3 3
the previous CL annual mean value of 8 µg/m . A monthly critical level of 23 µg /m was retained as a
provisional value in order to deal with the possibility of high peak emissions during periods of manure
application (e.g. in spring) ([15]). In Germany, the recommended exposure limit for the protection of
ecosystems is 10 µg/m (TA Luft, Annex 1, [16]).
Table 1 — Summary of upper limits of NH concentrations for protection of ecosystems under
field conditions
Concentration Specification Types of locality
(µg/m )
1 UNECE Critical Level (annual mean) for Sensitive ecosystems in
lower plants (lichens, bryophytes) which the lichens and
bryophytes are important
components, e.g. designated
sites for nature
conservation and protection
of sensitive species, e.g.
Natura 2000 sites
3 UNECE Critical Level (annual mean) for Sensitive ecosystems in
higher plants which the higher plants are
important components, e.g.
designated sites for nature
conservation and protection
of sensitive species, e.g.
Natura 2000 sites
10 German First General Administrative Near installations
Regulation Pertaining the Federal
Immission Control Act Maximum near
installations where ecological
monitoring undertaken.
23 UNECE critical level (monthly mean) – for In close proximity to
peak emission periods suc
...
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