EN 13586:2020
(Main)Cranes - Access
Cranes - Access
This document specifies design requirements for non-powered access installed on cranes.
NOTE 1 For other type of access, a requirement for information to be supplied is specified.
Slidable, retractable means of access are excluded from the scope, except movable hoop guards.
This document covers means of access to control stations and all access required for maintenance, certain erection and dismantling operations.
For those cranes which are intended to be erected and dismantled frequently to change their places of work, specific requirements for the access needed during these operations are not covered by this document and should be given in the appropriate European Standards for specific crane types.
Lighting of means of access is not covered by this document and should be given in the appropriate European Standards for specific crane types.
NOTE 2 Specific requirements for access on particular types of cranes are given in the appropriate European Standard for the particular crane type.
The requirements given in this document do not take into account the safety distances related to:
- guarding against hazard from moving parts;
- relative movement between crane and adjacent structure or the ground/floor;
- hazardous surface temperature;
- electrical equipment.
The significant hazards covered by this document are identified in Clause 4. This document is not applicable to cranes which are manufactured before the date of publication by CEN of this document.
Krane - Zugang
Dieses Dokument legt Anforderungen an die Konstruktion für den nicht kraftbetriebenen Zugang zu Kranen fest.
ANMERKUNG 1 Für andere Zugangsarten wird festgelegt, welche Angaben zu machen sind.
Außerhalb des Anwendungsbereichs liegen gleitfähige, einfahrbare Zugangseinrichtungen, außer beweglicher Rückenschutz.
Dieses Dokument behandelt Zugangseinrichtungen zu Steuerständen und alle erforderlichen Zugänge für Wartung, bestimmte Montage- und Demontagearbeiten.
Besondere Anforderungen für die Zugänge, die für die Montage und Demontage der Krane erforderlich sind, die regelmäßig ihren Einsatzort ändern sollen, werden in diesem Dokument nicht behandelt und sollten in den entsprechenden Europäischen Normen für die einzelnen Krantypen angegeben sein.
Beleuchtung für Zugangseinrichtungen wird in diesem Dokument nicht behandelt und sollte in den entsprechenden Europäischen Normen für die einzelnen Krantypen angegeben sein.
ANMERKUNG 2 Besondere Anforderungen für den Zugang bei einzelnen Krantypen sind in der entsprechenden Europäischen Norm für den einzelnen Krantyp angegeben.
Die in diesem Dokument angegebenen Anforderung berücksichtigten nicht Sicherheitsabstände bezüglich
- Schutzeinrichtungen gegen Gefährdungen durch bewegliche Teile;
- Relativbewegung zwischen Kran und angrenzender Umgebung oder dem (Erd-)Boden;
- gefährlicher Oberflächentemperatur;
- elektrischer Ausrüstung.
Die signifikanten Gefährdungen, die in diesem Dokument behandelt werden, sind in Abschnitt 4 aufgelistet.
Dieses Dokument ist nicht anzuwenden für Krane, die vor der Veröffentlichung dieses Dokuments durch CEN hergestellt wurden.
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Accès
Le présent document spécifie les prescriptions de conception relatives aux moyens d'accès non motorisés installés sur les appareils de levage à charge suspendue.
NOTE 1 Pour les autres types d'accès, une prescription relative aux informations à fournir est spécifiée.
Les moyens d'accès coulissants et rétractables sont exclus du domaine d'application, à l'exception des crinolines mobiles.
Le présent document couvre les moyens d'accès aux postes de commande et l'ensemble des accès requis pour les opérations de maintenance, pour certaines opérations de montage et de démontage.
Pour les appareils de levage à charge suspendue destinés à être montés et démontés fréquemment pour changer de lieu d'utilisation, des prescriptions spécifiques relatives à l'accès requis pendant ces opérations ne sont pas couvertes par le présent document et il convient que les prescriptions soient spécifiées dans les Normes européennes appropriées relatives aux types spécifiques d'appareils de levage à charge suspendue.
L'éclairage des moyens d'accès n'est pas couvert par le présent document et il convient que cela soit indiqué dans les Normes européennes appropriées pour des types de grues spécifiques.
NOTE 2 Les prescriptions spécifiques relatives à l'accès aux types particuliers d'appareils de levage à charge suspendue sont données dans la Norme européenne appropriée relative au type particulier d'appareil de levage à charge suspendue.
Les prescriptions données dans le présent document ne tiennent pas compte des distances de sécurité liées :
- aux protecteurs contre les risques liés aux pièces mobiles ;
- au mouvement relatif entre l'appareil de levage à charge suspendue et la structure adjacente ou le sol/le plancher ;
- à une température de surface dangereuse ;
- aux équipements électriques.
Les phénomènes dangereux significatifs couverts par le présent document sont identifiés à l'Article 4.
Le présent document ne s'applique pas aux appareils de levage à charge suspendue fabriqués avant la date de publication par le CEN du présent document.
Dvigala (žerjavi) - Dostop
General Information
Relations
Overview
EN 13586:2020 - Cranes - Access (CEN) specifies design requirements for non‑powered means of access installed on cranes. It covers access to operator control stations and all access needed for maintenance, plus certain erection and dismantling tasks. The standard excludes slidable/retractable access (except movable hoop guards), lighting of access routes, and requirements related to moving parts, electrical hazards, surface temperatures or relative movement with adjacent structures. EN 13586 is a harmonized Type C standard aligned with the Machinery Directive and targets cranes manufactured on or after its publication.
Key Topics and Requirements
- Scope & classification
- Applies to non‑powered access (stairs, step ladders, rung ladders, walkways, hoop guards).
- Type 1 access: main operator access and maintenance/inspection locations with intervals under one month.
- Type 2 access: maintenance with intervals ≥ one month, emergency exits, erection/dismantling access.
- Selection of means of access
- Selection based on frequency of use, tools/equipment to carry, vertical distance and nature of use.
- Preferred order when changing levels: stair → step ladder → rung ladder.
- Where vertical distance to control station > 30 m, design provisions for powered access are required (and a Type 1 secondary access if powered access is fitted).
- Design and safety principles
- Three‑point contact when ascending/descending (two hands + one foot or vice versa).
- Slip‑resistant, incombustible walking/standing surfaces; joints between fixed floor sections ≤ 8 mm.
- Aperture limits: ball ≥ 20 mm must not pass; slots ≤ 12 mm where length ≥ 200 mm.
- Hand supports: no sharp edges; minimum radii 2 mm or chamfers; end stops on handholds/footholds.
- Portable ladders require permanent measures to prevent sliding.
- Specific elements covered
- Stairs, spiral stairs, rung ladders/footholds, hoop guards, walkways/platforms, handrails/side protection, handholds, hatches/manholes, structural strength, verification and information for use.
Applications and Who Uses It
EN 13586 is used to ensure safe, compliant access design on cranes by:
- Crane manufacturers and OEMs (design and type testing)
- Safety and design engineers (access selection and integration)
- Maintenance providers and site managers (planning safe access and inspections)
- Health & safety bodies and compliance officers (market surveillance, conformity with Machinery Directive)
- Asset owners/operators (risk reduction, maintenance scheduling)
Practical uses include designing operator platforms, selecting ladders and walkways for maintenance access, preparing instructions for use, and verifying access strength and ergonomics.
Related Standards
Relevant normative references and related crane standards include:
- EN ISO 12100:2010 - Safety of machinery: risk assessment and reduction
- EN 13001‑3‑1 - Cranes: general design - limit states
- EN ISO 14122‑4 - Permanent means of access - fixed ladders
- EN 12644‑1 - Cranes: information for use and testing
EN 13586 should be applied together with specific European standards for particular crane types where additional access requirements are defined.
Frequently Asked Questions
EN 13586:2020 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Cranes - Access". This standard covers: This document specifies design requirements for non-powered access installed on cranes. NOTE 1 For other type of access, a requirement for information to be supplied is specified. Slidable, retractable means of access are excluded from the scope, except movable hoop guards. This document covers means of access to control stations and all access required for maintenance, certain erection and dismantling operations. For those cranes which are intended to be erected and dismantled frequently to change their places of work, specific requirements for the access needed during these operations are not covered by this document and should be given in the appropriate European Standards for specific crane types. Lighting of means of access is not covered by this document and should be given in the appropriate European Standards for specific crane types. NOTE 2 Specific requirements for access on particular types of cranes are given in the appropriate European Standard for the particular crane type. The requirements given in this document do not take into account the safety distances related to: - guarding against hazard from moving parts; - relative movement between crane and adjacent structure or the ground/floor; - hazardous surface temperature; - electrical equipment. The significant hazards covered by this document are identified in Clause 4. This document is not applicable to cranes which are manufactured before the date of publication by CEN of this document.
This document specifies design requirements for non-powered access installed on cranes. NOTE 1 For other type of access, a requirement for information to be supplied is specified. Slidable, retractable means of access are excluded from the scope, except movable hoop guards. This document covers means of access to control stations and all access required for maintenance, certain erection and dismantling operations. For those cranes which are intended to be erected and dismantled frequently to change their places of work, specific requirements for the access needed during these operations are not covered by this document and should be given in the appropriate European Standards for specific crane types. Lighting of means of access is not covered by this document and should be given in the appropriate European Standards for specific crane types. NOTE 2 Specific requirements for access on particular types of cranes are given in the appropriate European Standard for the particular crane type. The requirements given in this document do not take into account the safety distances related to: - guarding against hazard from moving parts; - relative movement between crane and adjacent structure or the ground/floor; - hazardous surface temperature; - electrical equipment. The significant hazards covered by this document are identified in Clause 4. This document is not applicable to cranes which are manufactured before the date of publication by CEN of this document.
EN 13586:2020 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 53.020.20 - Cranes. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN 13586:2020 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN 13586:2004+A1:2008, prEN 13586. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
EN 13586:2020 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 2006/42/EC; Standardization Mandates: M/396. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
You can purchase EN 13586:2020 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of CEN standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-april-2021
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 13586:2004+A1:2008
Dvigala (žerjavi) - Dostop
Cranes - Access
Krane - Zugang
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Accès
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13586:2020
ICS:
53.020.20 Dvigala Cranes
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 13586
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
December 2020
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 53.020.20 Supersedes EN 13586:2004+A1:2008
English Version
Cranes - Access
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Accès Krane - Zugang
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 November 2020.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13586:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 List of significant hazards . 6
5 Safety requirements and protective measures . 7
5.1 Selection of means of access . 7
5.2 Classification of access . 8
5.3 General design principles . 9
5.4 Stairs and step ladders . 10
5.5 Spiral stairs . 11
5.6 Rung ladders - footholds . 12
5.7 Hoop guards . 15
5.8 Walkways, inclined walkways, platforms . 17
5.9 Minimum clear passage of access routes . 18
5.10 Handrails and side protection . 19
5.11 Handholds . 21
5.12 Hatches and manholes. 22
5.13 Strength, means of access and their supporting structures . 23
6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective measures . 23
7 Information for use . 24
Annex A (informative) Selection of a suitable set of crane standards for a given application . 25
Annex B (informative) Examples of surfaces considered to be slip-resistant . 27
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered . 29
Bibliography . 30
European foreword
This document (EN 13586:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 147 “Cranes
safety”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2021, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by June 2021.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 13586:2004+A1:2008.
The main technical changes in this edition compared to EN 13586:2004+A1:2008 are in 5.5, 5.10, 5.11,
5.13, Clause 6 and Clause 7. Clause 4 and Annex ZA have been updated to conform with the valid
drafting rules. Additionally, the arrangements of figures and tables have been improved for reasons of
clarity and technical and editorial accuracy.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC.
For relationship with EU Directive, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
For the relationship with other European Standards for cranes, see Annex A.
Introduction
This document has been prepared to be a harmonized standard to provide one means for crane access
to conform with the essential health and safety requirements of the Machinery Directive, as mentioned
in Annex ZA.
This document is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100:2010.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the
market players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance, etc.).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting
process of this document.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events
are covered, are indicated in the scope of this document.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in a type B standard,
the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for
machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard.
1 Scope
This document specifies design requirements for non-powered access installed on cranes.
NOTE 1 For other type of access, a requirement for information to be supplied is specified.
Slidable, retractable means of access are excluded from the scope, except movable hoop guards.
This document covers means of access to control stations and all access required for maintenance,
certain erection and dismantling operations.
For those cranes which are intended to be erected and dismantled frequently to change their places of
work, specific requirements for the access needed during these operations are not covered by this
document and should be given in the appropriate European Standards for specific crane types.
Lighting of means of access is not covered by this document and should be given in the appropriate
European Standards for specific crane types.
NOTE 2 Specific requirements for access on particular types of cranes are given in the appropriate European
Standard for the particular crane type.
The requirements given in this document do not take into account the safety distances related to:
— guarding against hazard from moving parts;
— relative movement between crane and adjacent structure or the ground/floor;
— hazardous surface temperature;
— electrical equipment.
The significant hazards covered by this document are identified in Clause 4.
This document is not applicable to cranes which are manufactured before the date of publication
by CEN of this document.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 12644-1:2001+A1:2008, Cranes - Information for use and testing - Part 1: Instructions
EN 13001-3-1:2012+A2:2018, Cranes - General Design - Part 3-1: Limit States and proof competence of
steel structure
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery - General principles for design - Risk assessment and risk
reduction (ISO 12100:2010)
EN ISO 13854:2019, Safety of machinery - Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body
(ISO 13854:2017)
EN ISO 14122-4:2016, Safety of machinery - Permanent means of access to machinery - Part 4: Fixed
ladders (ISO 14122-4:2016)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
rest platform
standing area for persons to rest, situated at intervals between flights of ladders or stairs
3.2
platform
standing area for persons to work from, e.g. for maintenance or inspection
3.3
handrail
device, which provides continuous hand support between two locations
3.4
handhold
means of providing support by a single hand placement
3.5
foothold
means of providing support for one or two feet for vertical access
3.6
manhole
access opening to allow the passage of persons, and which could have a cover fitted
3.7
hatch
access opening to allow the passage of persons, provided with a cover openable without use of tools
4 List of significant hazards
Table 1 of this clause contains all the significant hazards as listed in CEN Guide 414, hazardous
situations and events, as far as they are dealt with in this document, identified by risk assessment as
significant for this type of machinery and which require action to eliminate or reduce the risk.
Table 1 — List of significant hazards and associated requirements
No. Hazard Relevant clause(s) in this
document
1 Mechanical hazards
1.1 Inadequacy of mechanical strength of the crane and its 5.7.2, 5.13
parts
1.2 Crushing hazard 5.10, 5.12
1.3 Shearing hazard 5.10
1.5 Cutting or severing hazard 5.10, 5.12
1.6 Entanglement hazard 5.9
1.7 Drawing-in or trapping hazard 5.6.1, 5.10, 5.12
1.8 Slipping, tripping and falling 5.3, 5.4, 5.6.1, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9,
5.10, 5.11
1.9 Falling or ejected objects or fluids 5.1, 5.3.3, 5.3.4, 5.10
8 Ergonomic hazards
8.1 Unhealthy postures or excessive efforts 5.1, 5.2
8.2 Inadequate consideration of hand-arm or foot-leg 5.3 to 5.12
anatomy
8.3 Use of personal protection equipment 5.1, 5.4, 5.6.1, 7
5 Safety requirements and protective measures
5.1 Selection of means of access
Means of access shall conform to the safety requirements and protective measures of this clause. In
addition, the equipment shall be designed in accordance with the principles of EN ISO 12100:2010 for
hazards relevant but not significant which are not dealt with by this document.
The following factors shall be taken into account, when determining means of access for cranes:
— frequency of use;
— equipment and tools to be carried;
— vertical distance to cover;
— nature of use, e.g. regular operator access, maintenance, inspection.
Provision of access, when moving from one level to another, should be in the preferential order: stair,
step ladder and rung ladder. Furthermore, permanent protective equipment (e.g. hoop guard, side
protection) shall be preferred to personal protection equipment. Where personal protection equipment
is required, continuous system avoiding the necessity to connect and disconnect shall be preferred.
The type of the means of the access depending on its steepness shall be selected in accordance with the
Figure 1.
Key
1 rung ladder 5 inclined walkway
2 step ladder 6 walkway
3 range to be avoided 7 not permitted zone
4 stair D access direction when going upwards
Figure 1 — Ranges of angles for different means of access in their working position
For structural requirements of means of access, the term “ladder” is used to refer both to rung ladders
and step ladders.
Where the vertical height between point of access and operator’s control station is more than 30 m, the
crane shall be designed with provisions to receive a powered access. Where a powered access system is
provided, an additional access way of Type 1 shall also be provided.
Other means of access than those in the scope of this standard may be utilized, e.g. for inspection
locations with an inspection interval longer than one year, for emergency exit or for access for erection
and dismantling. Access in such cases may be designed to rely on use of personal fall protection
equipment against falls from a height (see EN 363:2018 and EN 795:2012) or use of mobile elevating
work platforms.
5.2 Classification of access
Type 1 access shall be provided in the following cases, as relevant:
— the main access way of the crane operator to the control station and to starting equipment;
— the access way to maintenance locations, with a maintenance or inspection period shorter than one
month.
Type 2 access may be provided, instead of Type 1 access, in the following cases, as relevant:
— the access way to maintenance locations, with a maintenance or inspection period one month or
longer;
— emergency exit;
— access for erection and dismantling.
5.3 General design principles
5.3.1 When ascending or descending provisions shall be made to provide simultaneous three-point
support; two hand holds and one foot hold or two feet holds and one hand hold.
5.3.2 Where a lateral body move is necessary from a rung of a ladder to another support surface, the
distance between the step or rung and the nearest edge of the support surface shall be within a
spherical radius of 300 mm or shorter, see Figure 2.
Key
R spherical radius
S support surface
Figure 2 — Distance between a step or rung and the nearest edge of any support surface
5.3.3 Means of access, walking and standing areas shall:
— have their working position(s) designated; (for example platform on articulated boom needs
defined position of the boom for the access);
— take into account the number of the persons, and the presence of objects such as tools and spare
parts;
— be constructed of materials specified as being incombustible and with slip resistant surfaces, which
do not retain liquid. See Annex B.
The steps between adjacent, fixed (non-moveable) floor sections shall not exceed 8 mm in height. This
requirement does not apply in cases, where access is directly on a structural surface and the step is due
to welded joint of the structure.
Every control station shall have at least one exit onto a fixed means of access. An alternative means of
egress shall be provided, where a fixed means of access cannot be reached from all working positions of
the control station or of the crane.
5.3.4 Where apertures are used in the floor of a walkway, inclined walkway, landing or platform
situated above an area, where persons are expected, slots and interstices shall fulfil the following
requirements:
— a ball with a diameter 20 mm or greater cannot pass through;
— a slot has a maximum width of 12 mm, where the length is 200 mm or greater.
5.3.5 Hand supports shall be designed and constructed so as not to have exposed sharp edges and
corners or other hazardous projections. Edges shall have radii (minimum 2 mm) or be chamfered
(minimum 2 × 2 mm).
Obstacles to retain the hands or feet, shall be provided at the ends of handholds and footholds.
5.3.6 Where access is foreseen with portable ladders, permanent means shall be provided to prevent
the top of the ladder from sliding or slipping.
Portable ladders shall meet the requirements of this document for ladders.
5.4 Stairs and step ladders
Type 1 stairs shall be provided with a handrail and an intermediate guard-rail on both sides. Where the
distance between a stair and a continuous surface is less than 200 mm, it is permissible to omit
intermediate guard-rails. For details of handrails and side protections, see 5.10.
The climbing height of a single flight shall not exceed 6 m for Type 1 step ladders.
Where Type 2 stairs are not fitted with a handrail, provision (e.g. an inclined lifeline in accordance with
EN 795:2012) shall be made for the use of personal fall protection equipment against falls from a height.
For personal fall protection equipment, see EN 363:2018.
Step ladders shall be provided with handrails or handholds on both sides.
Steps shall be regularly spaced within a single section of stairs or step ladders. The distance from the
floor to the first step should be the same as the rise of the stair or ladder; but may vary to accommodate
movement between the floor and the step or for the fitting of standardized components.
Stairs and step ladders shall have the dimensions in accordance with Figure 3, Table 2 and Table 3.
Figure 3 — Dimensional parameters for stairs and step ladders
Table 2 — Dimensions for stairs
Dimensions in millimetres
Symbols in accordance with Figure 3 Type 1 access Type 2 access
min. max. min. max.
Clear width of the step b 450 - 320 -
Rise h 180 250 180 250
Going g 150 270 150 270
Tread depth
p 200 - 200 -
Tread depth (p) shall not be less
than the going (g).
Height between the floor and the
- 600 - 700
first step
The following formula should be applied for stairs: 600 mm ≤ 2 × rise + going ≤ 660 mm.
Table 3 — Dimensions for step ladders
Dimensions in millimetres
Symbols in accordance with Figure 3 Type 1 access Type 2 access
min. max. min. max.
Clear width of the step b 450 - 320 -
Rise h 230 300 230 300
Going g 80 - 80 -
Tread depth p 80 - 80 -
Height between the floor and
- 600 - 700
the first step
5.5 Spiral stairs
The general requirements for stairs regarding e.g. steps, handrails and rest platforms apply also for
spiral stairs, where relevant and where not in conflict with the requirements given in this clause.
Spiral stairs as specified here are applicable in Type 1 and Type 2 access ways.
Spiral stairs shall fulfil the following special requirements:
— spiral stairs shall be fitted with side protection;
— the clear width of the access way (R ) shall be 660 mm or wider;
— the clear head room of the access way shall be 2 000 mm or higher;
— the rise height of steps (h) shall be not more than 240 mm;
— the tread depth (p) shall be 190 mm or more, measured at 300 mm (R ) from the narrower edge;
— the going of a step (g) shall be 140 mm or more but not greater than the tread depth (p), measured
at 300 mm (R ) from the narrower edge;
— the size of steps shall be the same through a single spiral stair section, between the lower and upper
walkway or platform.
For illustration of the used symbols, see Figure 4.
Figure 4 — Dimensional parameters for spiral stairs
5.6 Rung ladders - footholds
5.6.1 Rung ladders
The following requirements apply to rung ladders and individual rungs fixed to the crane structure.
Rungs shall be regularly spaced within a single section of ladders, except for the first rung which may
vary to accommodate for movement between the floor and the rung or for the fitting of standardized
component.
Handholds (see 5.11) shall be provided to facilitate access to or from the ladder.
Where a vertical ladder provides an access upwards to a walkway, platform or rest platform, handholds
need not be provided, if one of the following conditions is fulfilled:
a) two handrails (see 5.10) are provided, with opening (u) for the access in accordance with 5.11;
b) the ladder uprights are extended to at least 1 m height from the floor of the walkway, platform or
rest platform;
c) one handrail and one ladder upright are provided to at least 1 m height from the floor of the
walkway, platform or rest platform.
Type 1 ladders, which present a risk of falling greater than 3 m and type 2 ladders, which present a risk
of falling greater than 5 m, shall be equipped with a hoop guard. For Type 2 ladders, the hoop guard
may be replaced by facilities for use with personal fall protection equipment against falls from a height
as defined in EN 363.
Type 1 and Type 2 ladders shall have rest platforms at least every 6 m.
Flights of ladders shall be positioned, or other means provided, to prevent persons falling more than
6 m.
The cross-section of a run
...
The EN 13586:2020 standard, titled "Cranes - Access," establishes essential design requirements specifically focused on non-powered access installed on cranes. The standard succinctly delineates its scope, stipulating that it applies to access methods relevant to control stations and essential maintenance tasks, as well as certain erection and dismantling operations. One notable strength of this standard is its clear delineation of the types of access addressed, while effectively excluding slidable and retractable means of access, with an exception made for movable hoop guards. This clarity ensures that users can grasp what is covered and what is not, which is critical in mitigating the risks associated with crane operations. Moreover, the standard's relevance is underscored by its emphasis on the significant hazards identified in Clause 4, providing users with valuable insights into the safety measures that need to be implemented. However, it is important to note that this document does not encompass the safety distances concerning various hazards, such as those from moving parts or electrical equipment, which are critical for comprehensive safety analysis. The scope does not extend to cranes manufactured prior to the CEN publication date, which may limit its applicability to newer models. Additionally, the standard indicates that requirements for lighting and other specific crane types must be referred to in their respective European Standards, thus ensuring a well-structured approach to crane access design that aligns with broader regulatory frameworks. Overall, EN 13586:2020 stands as a vital document in the field of crane access design, ensuring that essential safety requirements are met while charting a course for future enhancements tailored to specific crane types and operational needs.
EN 13586:2020は、クレーンに設置された非電動アクセスの設計要件を指定する標準です。この文書の範囲は明確で、クレーンの制御ステーションへのアクセスやメンテナンス、特定の設置や解体作業に必要なすべてのアクセス手段をカバーしています。標準の強みは、具体的な設計要件を提供している点にあり、クレーン操作における安全性と効率性の向上に寄与します。 ただし、スライド式や伸縮式のアクセス手段は範囲から除外されており、移動式フープガードのみが含まれるため、これに留意することが重要です。また、頻繁に設置・解体されることを目的としたクレーンに特有のアクセス要件は、本標準ではカバーされていないため、特定のクレーンタイプに対する欧州標準の確認が必要です。さらに、アクセス手段の照明に関しても、この文書では触れられておらず、必要に応じて関連する欧州標準を参照することが求められます。 文書は、移動部品からの危険防止に関する安全距離や、クレーンと隣接構造物、地面または床との相対的な動き、および電気機器や危険な表面温度に関する安全距離については考慮されていません。これにより、クレーンの操作・保守におけるリスクを軽減するための詳細な検討が必要となります。 最後に、文書の適用範囲は、CENによるこの文書の発行日以前に製造されたクレーンには適用されないため、最新の安全基準に基づくクレーンの設計および保守には特に注意が必要です。標準の詳細な要件は、クレーンの安全性を確保しつつ、操作の効率性を高めるための重要な指針となります。
표준 EN 13586:2020 문서는 크레인에 설치된 비전동 접근 수단에 대한 설계 요구 사항을 상세히 규명하고 있습니다. 이 표준의 주요 범위는 크레인의 컨트롤 스테이션 및 유지보수, 특정 조립 및 해체 작업을 위한 접근 수단을 포함합니다. 그러나 슬라이드 가능하거나 수축 가능한 접근 수단은 이동 가능한 후프 가드를 제외하고 이 문서의 범위에 포함되지 않습니다. 이 표준은 크레인을 자주 조립하고 해체하여 작업 장소를 변경하는 경우 필요한 접근 수단에 대한 특정 요구 사항은 다루지 않고 있으며, 이와 관련된 표준은 특정 크레인 유형에 대한 유럽 표준에서 확인할 수 있습니다. 또한, 접근 수단의 조명에 관한 규정은 이 문서의 범위에 없으며, 해당 사항도 특정 크레인 유형의 유럽 표준에 포함되어야 합니다. 이 문서는 크레인과 인접한 구조물 또는 바닥 간의 상대적 이동, 전기 장비와의 관련성 및 위험한 표면 온도와 같은 이동 부품으로 인한 위험으로부터의 방어에 관한 안전 거리 요구 사항을 고려하지 않고 있습니다. 그러나 본 문서에서는 클라우즈 4에서 식별된 주요 위험 요소들이 명확히 규명되어 있습니다. EN 13586:2020 표준은 CEN의 발표 날짜 이전에 제조된 크레인에는 적용되지 않습니다. 이 표준은 크레인에 대한 접근 수단 및 안전한 설치 및 유지보수를 위한 설계 요구 사항을 제공하여, 작업자의 안전과 효율성을 향상시키는 데 기여할 수 있습니다. 표준의 강점은 특정 유형의 크레인에 대한 접근 요구 사항을 명확히 하고, 안전성을 제고하는 기준을 제공한다는 점에 있습니다. 이를 통해 크레인의 설계 및 운영에서 사전에 위험 요소를 줄이는 데 도움을 줄 수 있습니다.
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