EN ISO 22478:2006
(Main)Water quality - Determination of certain explosives and related compounds - Method using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection (ISO 22478:2006)
Water quality - Determination of certain explosives and related compounds - Method using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection (ISO 22478:2006)
ISO 22478:2006 specifies a method for determination of certain explosives, in particular nitrotoluenes, nitroamines and nitrate esters, and related compounds (by-products and degradation products), such as those listed in Table 1, in drinking water, groundwater and surface water.
Depending on the type of sample and the compound to be analysed, the lower limit of the working range for nitroaromatics and nitramines can be assumed to be between 0,1 micrograms/litre and 0,5 micrograms/litre (in some cases, the lower limit may be extended down to 0,05 micrograms/litre). The lower limit of the working range for nitrate esters may be assumed to be higher (0,5 micrograms/litre or more).
Similar compounds, in particular other nitroaromatics, may also be determined by this method, but its applicability will have to be checked in each individual case.
Wasserbeschaffenheit - Bestimmung ausgewählter Explosivstoffe und verwandter Verbindungen - Verfahren mittels Hochleistungs- Flüssigkeitschromatographie (HPLC) mit UV-Detektion (ISO 22478:2006)
Diese Internationale Norm legt ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung ausgewählter Explosivstoffe, insbesondere Nitrotoluole, Nitramine, Nitratester und verwandte Verbindungen (Nebenprodukte, Abbauprodukte) fest, wie sie in der Tabelle 1 angegeben sind, und zwar in Trink-, Grund- und Oberflächenwasser.
In Abhängigkeit von der Matrix kann für Nitroaromaten und Nitramine von einem Arbeitsbereich zwischen 0,1 µg/l und 0,5 µg/l ausgegangen werden (in einigen Fällen können niedrigere Konzentrationen als 0,05 µg/l bestimmt werden); für Nitratester kann der Anwendungsbereich auch darüber liegen (0,5 µg/l oder darüber).
Ähnliche Verbindungen, insbesondere andere Nitroaromaten, können nach diesem Verfahren ebenfalls bestimmt werden, die Anwendbarkeit des Verfahrens ist jedoch im Einzelfall zu prüfen.
Qualité de l'eau - Dosage de certains explosifs et de composés apparentés - Méthode utilisant la chromatographie en phase liquide à haute performance (CLHP) avec détection UV (ISO 22478:2006)
L'ISO 22478:2006 spécifie une méthode de dosage de certains explosifs, notamment les nitrotoluènes, les nitro-amines et les nitro-esters, ainsi que de composés apparentés (sous-produits et produits de dégradation) tels que ceux indiqués dans le Tableau 1, dans l'eau potable, dans les eaux souterraines et dans les eaux de surface.
Selon le type d'échantillon et suivant le composé à analyser, on peut supposer que les concentrations les plus faibles de la plage de travail sont comprises entre 0,1 microgrammes/l et 0,5 microgrammes/l pour les composés nitro-aromatiques et les nitro-amines (dans certains cas, la plage de travail la plus basse peut être prolongée jusqu'à 0,05 microgrammes/l). Pour les nitro-esters, les plus faibles concentrations de la plage de travail sont supposées supérieures (0,5 microgrammes/l ou plus).
On peut aussi doser des composés similaires par cette méthode, notamment d'autres nitro-aromatiques, mais on devra vérifier son applicabilité dans chaque cas individuel.
Kakovost vode – Določevanje določenih eksplozivov in sorodnih spojin – Metoda tekočinske kromatografije visoke ločljivosti (HPLC) z UV-detekcijo (ISO 22478:2006)
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2006
.DNRYRVWYRGH±'RORþHYDQMHGRORþHQLKHNVSOR]LYRYLQVRURGQLKVSRMLQ±0HWRGD
WHNRþLQVNHNURPDWRJUDILMHYLVRNHORþOMLYRVWL +3/& ]89GHWHNFLMR ,62
Water quality - Determination of certain explosives and related compounds - Method
using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection (ISO
22478:2006)
Wasserbeschaffenheit - Bestimmung ausgewählter Explosivstoffe und verwandter
Verbindungen - Verfahren mittels Hochleistungs- Flüssigkeitschromatographie (HPLC)
mit UV-Detektion (ISO 22478:2006)
Qualité de l'eau - Dosage de certains explosifs et de composés apparentés - Méthode
utilisant la chromatographie en phase liquide a haute performance (CLHP) avec
détection UV (ISO 22478:2006)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 22478:2006
ICS:
13.060.50
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 22478
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
February 2006
ICS 13.060.50
English Version
Water quality - Determination of certain explosives and related
compounds - Method using high-performance liquid
chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection (ISO 22478:2006)
Qualité de l'eau - Dosage de certains explosifs et de Wasserbeschaffenheit - Bestimmung ausgewählter
composés apparentés - Méthode utilisant la Explosivstoffe und verwandter Verbindungen - Verfahren
chromatographie en phase liquide à haute performance mittels Hochleistungs-Flüssigkeitschromatographie (HPLC)
(CLHP) avec détection UV (ISO 22478:2006) mit UV-Detektion (ISO 22478:2006)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 6 February 2006.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 22478:2006: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 22478:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 147
"Water quality" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 230 "Water analysis", the
secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of
an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2006, and conflicting national
standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2006.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of
the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 22478:2006 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 22478:2006 without any
modifications.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 22478
First edition
2006-02-15
Water quality — Determination of certain
explosives and related compounds —
Method using high-performance liquid
chromatography (HPLC) with UV
detection
Qualité de l'eau — Dosage de certains explosifs et de composés
apparentés — Méthode utilisant la chromatographie en phase liquide à
haute performance (CLHP) avec détection UV
Reference number
ISO 22478:2006(E)
©
ISO 2006
ISO 22478:2006(E)
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ii © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
ISO 22478:2006(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Principle. 1
4 Interference . 4
5 Reagents. 4
6 Apparatus . 5
7 Sampling. 6
8 Procedure . 6
9 Calibration . 8
10 Evaluation. 10
11 Expression of results . 11
12 Test report . 11
Annex A (informative) Examples of HPLC chromatograms. 12
Annex B (informative) UV spectra of compounds from Table 1. 19
Annex C (informative) Interference due to degradation of tetryl (CE) on exposure to daylight . 22
Annex D (informative) Precision data. 24
ISO 22478:2006(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 22478 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 147, Water quality, Subcommittee SC 2, Physical,
chemical and biochemical methods.
iv © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
ISO 22478:2006(E)
Introduction
Explosives and related compounds are frequently encountered in groundwater areas near to soil sites
contaminated by armaments waste and may also be found in drinking water taken from nearby catchment
areas. The range of pollutants will depend on the waste concerned, but will not, as a rule, include all the
compounds listed in Table 1. Instead, samples of groundwater containing such pollutants may contain
numerous other substances, such as nitro- and dinitrobenzoic acid, nitrophenols and aromatic amines. The
compounds listed in Table 1 are frequently used for exploratory examinations of armaments waste.
When using this International Standard, it may be necessary in some cases to determine whether and to what
extent particular problems will require the specification of additional conditions.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22478:2006(E)
Water quality — Determination of certain explosives and related
compounds — Method using high-performance liquid
chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection
WARNING — Persons using this International Standard should be familiar with normal laboratory
practice. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with
its use. It is the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to
ensure compliance with any national regulatory conditions.
IMPORTANT — It is absolutely essential that tests conducted in accordance with this International
Standard be carried out by suitably trained staff.
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies a method for determination of certain explosives, in particular
nitrotoluenes, nitroamines and nitrate esters, and related compounds (by-products and degradation products),
such as those listed in Table 1, in drinking water, groundwater and surface water.
Depending on the type of sample and the compound to be analysed, the lower limit of the working range for
nitroaromatics and nitramines can be assumed to be between 0,1 µg/l and 0,5 µg/l (in some cases, the lower
limit may be extended down to 0,05 µg/l). The lower limit of the working range for nitrate esters may be
assumed to be higher (0,5 µg/l or more).
Similar compounds, in particular other nitroaromatics, may also be determined by this method, but its
applicability will have to be checked in each individual case.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods
ISO 5667-1, Water quality — Sampling — Part 1: Guidance on the design of sampling programmes
ISO 5667-2, Water quality — Sampling — Part 2: Guidance on sampling techniques
ISO 5667-3, Water quality — Sampling — Part 3: Guidance on the preservation and handling of water
samples
3 Principle
The substances in the water sample are concentrated by solid-phase extraction using a
polystyrene/divinylbenzene-based adsorbent. After elution with a solvent mixture, the eluate is concentrated
and the substances are separated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and analysed using a
UV photodiode array (UV-PDA) detector.
ISO 22478:2006(E)
Table 1 — Explosives and related compounds determined by this method (the compounds listed here
are particularly likely to be encountered in water samples containing armaments waste)
Molar Reference No./
mass letter in example
a b chromatograms
Name Abbreviation Other name CAS No.
in Clause
g/mol A.1 A.2 A.3 B.1
2,4,6-Trinitrophenol PA Picric acid 88-89-1 229,1 1 2 1 a
1,3,5,7-Tetranitro-octahydro-1,3,5,7- HMX Octogen 2691-41-0 296,2 2 1 2 b
tetrazocine
1,3,5-Trinitro-hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine RDX Hexogen 121-82-4 222,1 3 3 4 d
2,2',4,4',6,6'-Hexanitrodiphenylamine — Hexyl 131-73-7 439,2 4 19 3 c
Ethylene glycol dinitrate EGDN — 628-96-6 152,1 5
...
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