EN ISO 10545-12:1997

Ceramic tiles - Part 12: Determination of frost resistance (ISO 10545-12:1995, including Technical Corrigendum 1:1997)

Specifies a method for determining the frost resistance of all ceramic tiles intended for use in freezing conditions in the presence of water.

Keramische Fliesen und Platten - Teil 12: Bestimmung der Frostbeständigkeit (ISO 10545-12:1995, einschließlich Technische Korrektur 1:1997)

Dieser Teil von ISO 10545 legt ein Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung der Frost- bestandigkeit von allen keramischen Fliesen und Platten fest, die in Gegenwart von Wasser unter Frostbedingungen verwendet werden.

Carreaux et dalles céramiques - Partie 12: Détermination de la résistance au gel (ISO 10545-12:1995, Rectificatif Technique 1:1997 inclus)

La présente partie de l'ISO 10545 prescrit une méthode pour la détermination de la résistance au gel de tous les carreaux céramiques destinés à être utilisés dans des conditions de gel en présence d'eau.

Keramične ploščice - 12. del: Ugotavljanje odpornosti proti zmrzovanju

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 22-Jul-1997
• Withdrawal Date: 30-Jan-1998
• ICS: 91.100.25 - Terracotta building products
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 67 - Ceramic tiles
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 67 - Ceramic tiles
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 23-Jul-1997
• Completion Date: 23-Jul-1997
• Directive: 305/2011 - Regulation (eu) No 305/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 march 2011 laying down harmonised conditions for the marketing of construction products and repealing council directive 89/106/eec
• Directive: 89/106/EEC - Construction products
• Ref Project: SIST EN ISO 10545-12:1998 - Ceramic tiles - Part 12: Determination of frost resistance (ISO 10545-12:1995, including Technical Corrigendum 1:1997)

Overview

EN ISO 10545-12:1997 (ISO 10545-12:1995 with Technical Corrigendum 1:1997) specifies a standardized laboratory method to determine the frost resistance of ceramic tiles intended for use where they will be exposed to freezing conditions in the presence of water. The test subjects tiles to controlled vacuum impregnation and at least 100 freeze–thaw cycles between +5 °C and −5 °C, then records physical damage and changes in water absorption.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Scope: Applicable to all ceramic tiles designed for freezing/wet conditions (outdoor paving, terraces, facades, etc.).
• Sample size: Minimum total area of 0.25 m² and at least 10 whole tiles, free from pre-existing defects (or defects must be marked and recorded).
• Drying and mass control: Dry tiles in an oven at (110 ± 5) °C until constant mass; the difference between two successive weighings at 24 h intervals shall be less than 0.1% (Technical Corrigendum).
• Vacuum impregnation: Use a vacuum tank and pump to reduce pressure to (40 ± 2.6) kPa below atmospheric (Corrigendum), cover tiles with ≥50 mm head of water and maintain the vacuum for a specified period to ensure impregnation.
• Freeze–thaw cycle: Expose tiles to repeated cycles between +5 °C and −5 °C. Lowering to −5 °C shall not exceed 20 °C/h; hold at −5 °C and +5 °C for 15 minutes each. A minimum of 100 cycles is required.
• Temperature monitoring: A thermocouple (inserted through a 3 mm hole or attached to a face) defines the test temperature; temperature accuracy ±0.5 °C.
• Water absorption measurements: Initial and final water absorption are calculated from mass measurements:
  • Initial absorption E1 = (m2 − m1) / m1 × 100
  • Final absorption E2 = (m3 − m4) / m4 × 100 (m1 = dry mass; m2 = wet mass after impregnation; m3 = wet mass after freeze–thaw; m4 = dry mass after test)
• Inspection and reporting: Visual inspection of surfaces and edges after testing; report must include tile identification, number of specimens, E1 and E2, descriptions of defects before and after testing, and number of damaged tiles.

Applications and users

• Tile manufacturers: product development, quality control, and compliance with frost-resistance claims.
• Independent testing laboratories: certified freeze–thaw testing and reporting to clients.
• Architects, specifiers and contractors: selecting tiles for outdoor pavements, balconies, façades, pool surrounds, and climates subject to freeze–thaw cycles.
• Regulatory and procurement bodies: verifying conformity to performance requirements for building materials in cold climates.

Related standards

EN ISO 10545 is a multi-part series covering ceramic tile testing (e.g., Part 1 sampling, Part 3 water absorption, Part 7 abrasion, Part 9 thermal shock). Refer to the ISO 10545 series for complementary test methods and acceptance criteria.

Keywords: EN ISO 10545-12:1997, frost resistance, ceramic tiles, freeze–thaw test, water absorption, vacuum impregnation, tile testing.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-april-1998
.HUDPLþQHSORãþLFHGHO8JRWDYOMDQMHRGSRUQRVWLSURWL]PU]RYDQMX
Ceramic tiles - Part 12: Determination of frost resistance (ISO 10545-12:1995, including
Technical Corrigendum 1:1997)
Keramische Fliesen und Platten - Teil 12: Bestimmung der Frostbeständigkeit (ISO
10545-12:1995, einschließlich Technische Korrektur 1:1997)
Carreaux et dalles céramiques - Partie 12: Détermination de la résistance au gel (ISO
10545-12:1995, Rectificatif Technique 1:1997 inclus)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 10545-12:1997
ICS:
91.100.23 .HUDPLþQHSORãþLFH Ceramic tiles
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

ISO
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD 1054542
First edition
1995-1 l-l 5
Ceramic tiles -
Part 12:
Determination of frost resistance
Carreaux et dalles chamiques -
Partie 12: Dbtermination de Ia rhistance au gel
Reference number
ISO 10545-12: 1995(E)
ISO 10545=12:1995(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
federation of national Standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work
of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Esch member body interested in a subject for
which a technical committee has been established has the right to be
represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are
circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting
a vote.
International Standard ISO 10545-12 was prepared by Technical Com-
mittee lSO/TC 189, Ceramic tile.
ISO 10545 consists of the following Parts, under the general title Ceramic
tiles:
- Part 1: Sampling and basis for acceptance
- Part 2: Determination of dimensions and surface quality
- Part 3: Determination of water absorption, apparen t porosity, appar-
ent relative density and bulk density
- Part 4: Determination of modulus of rupture and breaking strength
- Part 5: Determination of impact resistance by measurement of co-
efficient of restitution
- Part 6: Determination of resistance to deep abrasion for unglazed
tiles
- Part 7: Determination of resistance to surface abrasion for glazed
tiles
- Part 8: Determination of linear thermal expansion
0 ISO 1995
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced
or utilized in any form or by any means, electronie or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm, without Permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case Postale 56 l CH-1 211 Geneve 20 l Switzerland
Printed in Switzerland
0 ISO ISO 10545=12:1995(E)
- Part 9: Determination of resistance to thermal shock
- Part 7 0: Determination of moisture expansion
- Part 7 7: Determination of crazing resistance for glazed tiles
- Part 12: Determination of frost resistance
- Part 13: Determination of Chemical resistance
- Part 14: Determination of resistance to stains
- Part 75: Determination of lead and Cadmium given off b y glazed tiles
- Part 16: Determination of small colour differentes
- Part 77: Determination of coefficient of friction
. . .
Ill
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 0 ISO ISO 10545=12:1995(E)
Ceramic tiles -
Part 12:
Determination of frost resistance
3.5 Chamois leather.
1 Scope
This part of ISO 10545 specifies a method for deter-
3.6 Water, maintained at a temperature of
mining the frost resistance of all ceramic tiles in-
(20 & 5) “C.
tended for use in freezing conditions in the presence
of water.
3.7 Thermocouple, or another suitable temperature
measuring device.
2 Principle
4 Test specimens
After impregnation with water, Submission of the tiles
to a cycle between + 5 “C and - 5 “C, all the sides
4.1 Sample
of the tiles being exposed to freezing during a mini-
mum of 100 freeze-thaw cycles.
A minimum area of 0,25 m2 and not less than
10 whole tiles shall be used. The tiles shall be free
from defects. Relevant defects are Cracks, crazing,
3 Apparatus and materials
holes, nipped edges and nipped corners.
If tiles with defects have to be tested, the defects
3.1 Drying oven, capable of being operated at
shall be marked with a permanent stain Prior to the
(110 + 5) “C.
test and these defects shall be examined after test-
Microwave, infrared or other drying Systems may be
Ing.
used provided that it has been determined that the
Same r
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