CEN/CLC/TR 17603-10-12:2021

Space engineering - Calculation of radiation and its effects and margin policy handbook

This handbook is a part of the System Engineering branch and covers the methods for the calculation of radiation received and its effects, and a policy for design margins. Both natural and man-made sources of radiation (e.g.
radioisotope thermoelectric generators, or RTGs) are considered in the handbook.
This handbook can be applied to the evaluation of radiation effects on all space systems.
This handbook can be applied to all product types w hich exist or operate in space, as w ell as to crew s of on manned space missions.
This handbook complements to EN 16603-10-12 "Methods for the calculation of radiation received and its effects and a policy for the design margin".

Raumfahrttechnik - Handbuch zur Berechnung von Strahlung, Strahlungseffekten und Marginregeln

Ingénierie spatiale - Manuel de calcul du transport des radiations et de leurs effets, et politique des marges

Vesoljska tehnika - Priročnik za izračun sevanja in njegovih učinkov ter za politiko pri načrtovanju mejnih vrednosti

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 28-Sep-2021
• ICS: 49.140 - Space systems and operations
• Technical Committee: CEN/CLC/TC 5 - Space
• Drafting Committee: CEN/CLC/TC 5/WG 6 - Upstream standards
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 29-Sep-2021
• Due Date: 06-Apr-2022
• Completion Date: 29-Sep-2021
• Mandate: M/496 - Mandate addressed to CEN, CENELEC and ETSI to develop standardisation regarding space industry (Phase 3 of the process)
• Ref Project: SIST-TP CEN/CLC/TR 17603-10-12:2021 - Space engineering - Calculation of radiation and its effects and margin policy handbook

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2021
Vesoljska tehnika - Priročnik za izračun sevanja in njegovih učinkov ter za politiko
pri načrtovanju mejnih vrednosti
Space engineering - Calculation of radiation and its effects and margin policy handbook
Raumfahrttechnik - Handbuch zur Berechnung von Strahlung, Strahlungseffekten und
Marginregeln
Ingénierie spatiale - Manuel de calcul du transport des radiations et de leurs effets, et
politique des marges
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/CLC/TR 17603-10-12:2021
ICS:
49.140 Vesoljski sistemi in operacije Space systems and
operations
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

TECHNICAL REPORT
CEN/CLC/TR 17603-10-
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHER BERICHT
September 2021
ICS 49.140
English version
Space engineering - Calculation of radiation and its effects
and margin policy handbook
Ingénierie spatiale - Manuel de calcul du transport des Raumfahrttechnik - Handbuch zur Berechnung von
radiations et de leurs effets, et politique des marges Strahlung, Strahlungseffekten und Marginregeln

This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 19 March 2021. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/CLC/JTC
5.
CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium,
Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means Ref. No. CEN/CLC/TR 17603-10-12:2021 E
reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and for
CENELEC Members.
Table of contents
European Foreword . 9
1 Scope . 10
2 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 11
2.1 Terms from other documents . 11
2.2 Terms specific to the present handbook . 11
2.3 Abbreviated terms. 11
3 Compendium of radiation effects . 12
3.1 Purpose . 12
3.2 Effects on electronic and electrical systems . 14
3.2.1 Total ionising dose . 14
3.2.2 Displacement damage . 14
3.2.3 Single event effects . 15
3.3 Effects on materials . 16
3.4 Payload-specific radiation effects . 16
3.5 Biological effects . 17
3.6 Spacecraft charging . 17
3.7 References . 17
4 Margin . 19
4.1 Introduction . 19
4.1.1 Application of margins . 19
4.2 Environment uncertainty . 20
4.3 Effects parameters’ uncertainty. 21
4.3.1 Overview . 21
4.3.2 Shielding . 21
4.3.3 Ionising dose calculation . 22
4.3.4 Non-ionising dose (NIEL, displacement damage) . 22
4.3.5 Single event effects . 22
4.3.6 Effects on sensors. 23
4.4 Testing-related uncertainties . 23

4.4.1 Overview . 23
4.4.2 Beam characteristics . 23
4.4.3 Radioactive sources . 23
4.4.4 Packaging . 24
4.4.5 Penetration . 24
4.4.6 Representativeness . 24
4.5 Procurement processes and device reproducibility . 24
4.6 Project management decisions . 25
4.7 Relationship with derating . 25
4.8 Typical design margins . 25
4.9 References . 25
5 Radiation shielding . 26
5.1 Introduction . 26
5.2 Radiation transport processes . 26
5.2.1 Overview . 26
5.2.2 Electrons . 26
5.2.3 Protons and other heavy particles . 28
5.2.4 Electromagnetic radiation – bremsstrahlung. 32
5.3 Ionising dose enhancement . 33
5.4 Material selection . 33
5.5 Equipment design practice . 33
5.5.1 Overview . 33
5.5.2 The importance of layout . 34
5.5.3 Add-on shielding . 34
5.6 Shielding calculation methods and tools – Decision on using deterministic
radiation calculations, detailed Monte Carlo simulations, or sector shielding
analysis . 36
5.7 Example detailed radiation transport and shielding codes . 45
5.8 Uncertainties . 45
5.9 References . 46
6 Total ionising dose . 48
6.1 Introduction . 48
6.2 Definition . 48
6.3 Technologies sensitive to total ionising dose . 48
6.4 Total ionising dose calculation . 50
6.5 Uncertainties . 50
7 Displacement damage . 51
7.1 Introduction . 51
7.2 Definition . 51
7.3 Physical processes and modelling . 51
7.4 Technologies susceptible to displacement damage . 55
7.4.1 Overview . 55
7.4.2 Bipolar . 56
7.4.3 Charge-coupled devices (CCD). 57
7.4.4 Active pixel sensors (APS) . 57
7.4.5 Photodiodes . 58
7.4.6 Laser diodes . 58
7.4.7 Light emitting diode (LED) . 58
7.4.8 Optocouplers . 58
7.4.9 Solar cells . 59
7.4.10 Germanium detectors . 59
7.4.11 Glasses and optical components . 60
7.5 Radiation damage assessment . 60
7.5.1 Equivalent fluence calculation . 60
7.5.2 Calculation approach . 60
7.5.3 3-D Monte Carlo analysis . 60
7.5.4 Displacement damage testing . 60
7.6 NIEL rates for different particles and materials . 61
7.7 Uncertainties . 68
7.8 References . 68
8 Single event effects . 70
8.1 Introduction . 70

8.2 Modelling . 71
8.2.1 Overview . 71
8.2.2 Notion of LET (for heavy ions) . 71
8.2.3 Concept of cross section . 71
8.2.4 Concept of sensitive volume, critical charge and effective LET . 72
8.3 Technologies susceptible to single event effects . 73
8.4 Test methods . 73
8.4.1 Overview . 73
8.4.2 Heavy ion beam testing . 73

8.4.3 Proton and neutron beam testing . 74
8.4.4 Experimental measurement of SEE sensitivity . 74
8.4.5 Influence of testing conditions . 75
8.5 Hardness assurance .
...