EN ISO 16994:2015

Solid biofuels - Determination of total content of sulfur and chlorine (ISO 16994:2015)

ISO 16994:2015 describes methods for the determination of the total sulfur and total chlorine content in solid biofuels. ISO 16994:2015 specifies two methods for decomposition of the fuel and different analytical techniques for the quantification of the elements in the decomposition solutions. The use of automatic equipment is also included in ISO 16994:2015, provided that a validation is carried out as specified and that the performance characteristics are similar to those of the method described in ISO 16994:2015.

Biogene Festbrennstoffe - Bestimmung des Gesamtgehaltes an Schwefel und Chlor (ISO 16994:2015)

Diese Internationale Norm beschreibt Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Gesamtgehaltes an Schwefel und an Chlor in biogenen Festbrennstoffen. Diese Internationale Norm legt zwei Verfahren für den Aufschluss des Brennstoffs und verschiedene Analysenverfahren für die quantitative Bestimmung der Elemente in den Aufschlusslösungen fest. Der Einsatz automatischer Geräte ist in dieser Internationalen Norm ebenfalls enthalten, sofern eine Validierung, wie im Dokument festgelegt, durchgeführt wird, und die Leistungsdaten denen des in dieser Internationalen Norm beschriebenen Verfahrens ähnlich sind.

Biocombustibles solides - Détermination de la teneur totale en soufre et en chlore (ISO 16994:2015)

L'ISO 16994:2015 décrit des méthodes de détermination de la teneur totale en soufre et en chlore des biocombustibles solides. Elle spécifie deux méthodes de décomposition du combustible et différentes techniques d'analyse pour la quantification des éléments présents dans les solutions de décomposition. Elle englobe également l'utilisation d'équipements automatiques sous réserve que la validation soit effectuée conformément aux spécifications et que les caractéristiques de performance soient similaires à celles de la méthode décrite dans l'ISO 16994:2015.

Trdna biogoriva - Določevanje celotnega žvepla in klora (ISO 16994:2015)

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 07-Apr-2015
• Withdrawal Date: 02-Aug-2016
• ICS: 27.190 - Biological sources and alternative sources of energy
• ICS: 75.160.10 - Solid fuels
• ICS: 75.160.40 - Biofuels
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 335 - Solid biofuels
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 335 - Solid biofuels
• Current Stage: 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
• Completion Date: 03-Aug-2016
• Directive: 2000/76/EC - Directive 2000/76/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 December 2000 on the incineration of waste
• Mandate: M/298 - Mandate to CEN for standardisation in the field of solid biofuels
• Ref Project: SIST EN ISO 16994:2015 - Solid biofuels - Determination of total content of sulphur and chlorine (ISO 16994:2015)

Relations

• Replaces: EN 15289:2011 - Solid biofuels - Determination of total content of sulfur and chlorine
• Effective Date: 26-Dec-2012
• Replaced By: EN ISO 16994:2016 - Solid biofuels - Determination of total content of sulfur and chlorine (ISO 16994:2016)
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2016

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-junij-2015
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 15289:2011
7UGQDELRJRULYD'RORþHYDQMHFHORWQHJDåYHSODLQNORUD,62
Solid biofuels - Determination of total content of sulphur and chlorine (ISO 16994:2015)
Feste Biobrennstoffe - Bestimmung des Gesamtgehaltes an Schwefel und Chlor (ISO
16994:2015)
Biocombustibles solides - Détermination de la teneur totale en soufre et en chlore (ISO
16994:2015)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 16994:2015
ICS:
27.190 Biološki viri in drugi Biological sources and
alternativni viri energije alternative sources of energy
75.160.10 Trda goriva Solid fuels
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 16994
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2015
ICS 75.160.10; 27.190 Supersedes EN 15289:2011
English Version
Solid biofuels - Determination of total content of sulfur and
chlorine (ISO 16994:2015)
Biocombustibles solides - Détermination de la teneur totale Biogene Festbrennstoffe - Bestimmung des
en soufre et en chlore (ISO 16994:2015) Gesamtgehaltes an Schwefel und Chlor (ISO 16994:2015)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 November 2014.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 16994:2015 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .3
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 16994:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 238 "Solid biofuels"
in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 335 “Solid biofuels” the secretariat of which is held by SIS.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by October 2015.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 15289:2011.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 16994:2015 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 16994:2015 without any modification.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16994
First edition
2015-04-01
Solid biofuels — Determination of
total content of sulfur and chlorine
Biocombustibles solides — Détermination de la teneur totale en
soufre et en chlore
Reference number
ISO 16994:2015(E)
©
ISO 2015
ISO 16994:2015(E)
© ISO 2015
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail [e-mail]
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

ISO 16994:2015(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
4.1 General . 2
4.2 Decomposition of the biofuel . 2
4.3 Determination of sulfate and chloride in the decomposition solution . 2
4.4 Automatic equipment. 2
5 Reagents . 3
5.1 General . 3
5.2 Water . 3
5.3 Oxygen . 3
5.4 Combustion aid/enhancer . 3
5.5 Use of certified reference materials (CRM or SRM) . 3
6 Apparatus . 3
6.1 General . 3
6.2 Method A . 3
6.3 Method B . 4
7 Preparation of the test sample . 4
8 Procedure. 4
8.1 Decomposition . 4
8.1.1 Method A: Combustion in a closed bomb . 4
8.1.2 Method B: Digestion in a closed vessel . 5
8.1.3 Blank test . 6
8.2 Detection methods . 6
8.2.1 Ion chromatography . 6
8.2.2 Other detection methods . 6
8.3 Calibration of the apparatus . 6
8.4 Analyses of the decomposition solutions . 6
9 Expression of results . 7
9.1 General . 7
9.2 Total chlorine . 7
9.3 Total sulfur . 7
10 Performance characteristics . 7
11 Test report . 8
Annex A (informative) Performance data . 9
Bibliography .11
ISO 16994:2015(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Pa
...