CEN ISO/TS 19139:2009

Geographic information - Metadata - XML schema implementation (ISO/TS 19139:2007)

ISO/TS 19139:2007 defines Geographic MetaData XML (gmd) encoding, an XML Schema implementation derived from ISO 19115.

Geoinformation - Metadaten - XML-Schema-Implementierung (ISO/TS 19139:2007)

Information géographique - Métadonnées - Implémentation de schémas XML (ISO/TS 19139:2007)

Geografske informacije - Metapodatki - Implementacija sheme XML (ISO/TS 19139:2007)

Ta tehnična specifikacija določa XML kodiranje geografskih metapodatkov (gmd), implementacijo sheme XML, ki izhaja iz ISO 19115.

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 10-Nov-2009
• Withdrawal Date: 26-Mar-2019
• ICS: 35.240.70 - IT applications in science
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 287 - Geographic Information
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 287 - Geographic Information
• Current Stage: 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
• Completion Date: 27-Mar-2019
• Ref Project: SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 19139:2010 - Geographic information - Metadata - XML schema implementation (ISO/TS 19139:2007)

Relations

• Replaced By: CEN ISO/TS 19139-1:2019 - Geographic information - XML schema implementation - Part 1: Encoding rules (ISO/TS 19139-1:2019)
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2022

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 19139:2010
01-januar-2010
Geografske informacije - Metapodatki - Implementacija sheme XML (ISO/TS
19139:2007)

Geographic information - Metadata - XML schema implementation (ISO/TS 19139:2007)

Geoinformation - Metadaten - XML-Schema Implementierung (ISO/TS 19139:2007)
Information géographique - Métadonnées - Implémentation de schémas XML (ISO/TS
19139:2007)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN ISO/TS 19139 :2009
ICS:
35.240.70 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in science
znanosti
SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 19139:2010 en

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 19139:2010
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
CEN ISO/TS 19139
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
November 2009
ICS 35.240.70
English Version
Geographic information - Metadata - XML schema
implementation (ISO/TS 19139:2007)

Information géographique - Métadonnées - Implémentation Geoinformation - Metadaten - XML-Schema-

de schémas XML (ISO/TS 19139:2007) Implementierung (ISO/TS 19139:2007)

This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 14 May 2009 for provisional application.

The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their

comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.

CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available

promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS)

until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,

France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,

Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

© 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN ISO/TS 19139 :2009: E

worldwide for CEN national Members.
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CEN ISO/TS 19139:2009 (E)
Contents Page

Foreword ..............................................................................................................................................................3

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CEN ISO/TS 19139:2009 (E)
Foreword

The text of ISO/TS 19139:2007 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211 “Geographic

information/Geomatics” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over

as CEN ISO/TS 19139:2009 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 287 “Geographic Information” the secretariat of

which is held by NEN.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent

rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following

countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech

Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,

Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,

Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice

The text of ISO/TS 19139:2007 has been approved by CEN as a CEN ISO/TS 19139:2009 without any

modification.
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SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 19139:2010
TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 19139
First edition
2007-04-15
Geographic information — Metadata —
XML schema implementation
Information géographique — Métadonnées — Implémentation de
schémas XML
Reference number
ISO/TS 19139:2007(E)
ISO 2007
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ii © ISO 2007 – All rights reserved
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Contents Page

Foreword ............................................................................................................................................................iv

Introduction.........................................................................................................................................................v

1 Scope......................................................................................................................................................1

2 Conformance .........................................................................................................................................1

3 Normative references............................................................................................................................1

4 Terms and definitions ...........................................................................................................................2

5 Symbols and abbreviated terms ..........................................................................................................3

5.1 Acronyms ...............................................................................................................................................3

5.2 Namespace abbreviations ....................................................................................................................3

5.3 UML model relationships......................................................................................................................3

5.4 UML model stereotypes........................................................................................................................4

6 Requirements.........................................................................................................................................5

6.1 Introduction to gmd...............................................................................................................................5

6.2 Rule-based .............................................................................................................................................5

6.3 Quality ....................................................................................................................................................6

6.4 Web implementations ...........................................................................................................................6

6.5 Use of external XML implementations ................................................................................................6

6.6 Multilingual support ..............................................................................................................................6

6.7 Polymorphism........................................................................................................................................7

6.8 Rules for application schema ..............................................................................................................7

7 Extensions to the UML models in the ISO 19100 series of International Standards......................8

7.1 Introduction to extensions ...................................................................................................................8

7.2 Extensions specific to the web environment .....................................................................................8

7.3 Cultural and linguistic adaptability extensions..................................................................................9

7.4 Extensions for metadata-based transfers of geospatial information ............................................11

8 Encoding rules.....................................................................................................................................17

8.1 Introduction to encoding rules ..........................................................................................................17

8.2 Default XML Class Type encoding.....................................................................................................17

8.3 XML Class Global Element encoding................................................................................................20

8.4 XML Class Property Type encoding..................................................................................................20

8.5 Special case encodings......................................................................................................................22

8.6 XML namespace package encoding..................................................................................................40

8.7 XML schema package encoding........................................................................................................41

9 Encoding descriptions........................................................................................................................43

9.1 Introduction to the encoding descriptions .......................................................................................43

9.2 XML namespaces ................................................................................................................................43

9.3 gmd namespace ..................................................................................................................................44

9.4 gss namespace....................................................................................................................................50

9.5 gts namespace.....................................................................................................................................52

9.6 gsr namespace ....................................................................................................................................53

9.7 gco namespace....................................................................................................................................54

9.8 gmx namespace...................................................................................................................................65

9.9 From the conceptual schema to XML file instances........................................................................72

Annex A (normative) Abstract test suite ........................................................................................................74

Annex B (normative) Data dictionary for extensions....................................................................................77

Annex C (informative) Geographic Metadata XML resources ......................................................................87

Annex D (informative) Implementation examples..........................................................................................89

Bibliography....................................................................................................................................................111

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Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies

(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO

technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been

established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and

non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the

International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards

adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an

International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.

In other circumstances, particularly when there is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a

technical committee may decide to publish other types of normative document:

⎯ an ISO Publicly Available Specification (ISO/PAS) represents an agreement between technical experts in

an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is approved by more than 50 % of the members

of the parent committee casting a vote;

⎯ an ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) represents an agreement between the members of a technical

committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee casting

a vote.

An ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is reviewed after three years in order to decide whether it will be confirmed for a

further three years, revised to become an International Standard, or withdrawn. If the ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is

confirmed, it is reviewed again after a further three years, at which time it must either be transformed into an

International Standard or be withdrawn.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent

rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

ISO/TS 19139 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211, Geographic information/Geomatics.

iv © ISO 2007 – All rights reserved
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Introduction

The importance of metadata describing digital geographic data is explained in detail in the text of ISO 19115.

ISO 19115 provides a structure for describing digital geographic data by defining metadata elements and

establishing a common set of metadata terminology, definitions and extension procedures. ISO 19115 is

abstract in that it provides a worldwide view of metadata relative to geographic information, but no encoding.

Since ISO 19115 does not provide any encoding, the actual implementation of geographic information

metadata could vary based on the interpretation of metadata producers. In an attempt to facilitate the

standardization of implementations, this comprehensive metadata implementation specification provides a

definitive, rule-based encoding for applying ISO 19115. This Technical Specification provides Extensible

Markup Language (XML) schemas that are meant to enhance interoperability by providing a common

specification for describing, validating and exchanging metadata about geographic datasets, dataset series,

individual geographic features, feature attributes, feature types, feature properties, etc.

ISO 19115 defines general-purpose metadata in the field of geographic information. More detailed metadata

for geographic data types and geographic services are defined in other ISO 19100 series standards and user

extensions (ISO 19115). This Technical Specification is also intended to define implementation guidelines for

general-purpose metadata. Where necessary, interpretations of some other ISO 19100 series standards are

incorporated.

ISO 19118 describes the requirements for creating encoding rules based on UML schemas and the

XML-based encoding rules as well as providing an introduction to XML. This Technical Specification utilizes

the encoding rules defined in ISO 19118 and provides the specific details of their application with regard to

deriving XML schema for the UML models in ISO 19115.
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 19139:2007(E)
Geographic information — Metadata — XML schema
implementation
1 Scope

This Technical Specification defines Geographic MetaData XML (gmd) encoding, an XML schema

implementation derived from ISO 19115.
2 Conformance

Conformance with this Technical Specification shall be checked using all the relevant tests specified in

Annex A. The framework, concepts, and methodology for testing, and the criteria to be achieved to claim

conformance are specified in ISO 19105.
3 Normative references

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated

references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced

document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO 639-2, Codes for the representation of names of languages ― Part 2: Alpha-3 code

ISO 3166 (all parts), Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions

ISO 8601, Data elements and interchange formats — Information interchange — Representation of dates and

times

ISO/IEC 10646, Information technology ― Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS)

ISO/TS 19103, Geographic information ― Conceptual schema language
ISO 19105, Geographic information — Conformance and testing
ISO 19107, Geographic information ― Spatial schema
ISO 19108, Geographic information ― Temporal schema
ISO 19109, Geographic information ― Rules for application schema
ISO 19110, Geographic information ― Methodology for feature cataloguing
ISO 19111:― , Geographic information ― Spatial referencing by coordinates
ISO 19115:2003, Geographic information ― Metadata
1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 19111:2003)
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ISO 19115:2003/Cor. 1:2006, Geographic information ― Metadata ― Technical Corrigendum 1

ISO 19117, Geographic information — Portrayal
ISO 19118:2005, Geographic information ― Encoding
ISO 19136:― , Geographic information ― Geography Markup Language (GML)
W3C XMLName, Namespaces in XML. W3C Recommendation (14 January 1999)
W3C XMLSchema-1, XML Schema Part 1: Structures. W3C Recommendation (2 May 2001)
W3C XMLSchema-2, XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes. W3C Recommendation (2 May 2001)

W3C XML, Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Second Edition), W3C Recommendation

(6 October 2000)

W3C XLink, XML Linking Language (XLink) Version 1.0. W3C Recommendation (27 June 2001)

4 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this Technical Specification, the following terms and definitions apply.

4.1
namespace

collection of names, identified by a URI reference, that are used in XML documents as element names and

attribute names
[W3C XML]
4.2
package
general purpose mechanism for organizing elements into groups
[ISO/TS 19103, definition 4.2.22]

EXAMPLE Identification information; Metadata entity set information; Constraint information.

4.3
realization

semantic relationship between classifiers, wherein one classifier specifies a contract that another classifier

guarantees to carry out
[Booch 1999]
4.4
polymorphism

characteristic of being able to assign a different meaning or usage to something in different contexts –

specifically, to allow an entity such as a variable, a function, or an object to have more than one form

NOTE There are several different kinds of polymorphism.
[http://searchsmallbizit.techtarget.com]
2) To be published.
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5 Symbols and abbreviated terms
5.1 Acronyms
UML Unified Modelling Language
XCT XML Class Type
XCPT XML Class Property Type
XCGE XML Class Global Element
XML Extensible Markup Language
XPath XML Path Language
XSD XML Schema Definition
XSL Extensible Style Language
XSLT XSL Transformation
5.2 Namespace abbreviations

In the lists below, the item on the left describes the common namespace prefix used to describe the elements

in the namespace. The second item is an English description of the namespace prefix, and the item in

parenthesis is the URI of the actual namespace. These URIs do not correspond necessarily to an effective

location of the schemas.

This first list corresponds to the namespaces defined by this Technical Specification.

gco Geographic Common extensible markup language (http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco)

gmd Geographic MetaData extensible markup language (http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gmd)

gmx Geographic Metadata XML Schema (http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gmx)

gss Geographic Spatial Schema extensible markup (http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gss)

language

gsr Geographic Spatial Referencing extensible markup (http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gsr)

language

gts Geographic Temporal Schema extensible markup (http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gts)

language

This second list corresponds to external namespaces used by this Technical Specification.

gml Geography Markup Language (use the GML namespace URI stated in
ISO 19136)
xlink XML Linking Language (use the XLINK namespace URI stated in the
W3C XLink recommendation)
xs W3C XML base schemas (use the XML schema namespace URI stated in
the W3C XMLSchema-1 and
W3C XMLSchema-2 recommendations)
5.3 UML model relationships

The diagrams that appear in this Technical Specification are presented using the Unified Modelling Language

(UML) as the conceptual schema language as defined in ISO/TS 19103. ISO 19115:2003, Figure 2, also

displays the UML notation that is used to describe the metadata. In addition to the UML described in

ISO/TS 19103 and shown in ISO 19115, this Technical Specification uses the notation shown in Figure 1.

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Figure 1 — UML Notation for Realization

The class that is the source of the connection (shown on the left in Figure 1) is guaranteed to carry out (or

implement) the specification of the class at the destination of the connection (shown on the right in Figure 1).

5.4 UML model stereotypes

A UML stereotype is an extension mechanism for existing UML concepts (see ISO 19115). In addition to the

stereotypes already defined in ISO 19115 for describing metadata, this Technical Specification defines

stereotypes necessary for a rules-based encoding into XML schema.

The elements of the UML diagrams depicted in Clause 9 can carry stereotypes specifying an XML

implementation. Those stereotypes are carried by classes representing XML elements or XML types, UML

attributes, UML links (realizations or dependencies) and UML packages.
In this Technical Specification the following stereotypes of classes are used.

a) <>: the class represents an implementation type encoded as an XML choice block. Each

property of the class is implemented as an element of the choice.

b) <>: the class represents an implementation type encoded as an XML complex type.

c) <>: the class represents an XML global element.

d) <>: the class represents an implementation type encoded as an XML simple type.

e) <>: the class represents an implementation type encoded as an XML complex type

with simple content.

In this Technical Specification the following stereotypes of attributes are used.

f) <>: the property is encoded as an XML attribute.

g) <>: the property is encoded as an XML element with a name and a type ( name=”propertyName” type=”propertyType”/>)

h) <>: this stereotype only applies to XML simple types derived from built-in XML types. A property

with the stereotype <> restricts the range of a built-in simple type.

i) <>: the property is encoded as a reference to an XML global element ( ref=”XCGE”/>).
In this Technical Specification the following stereotypes of links are used.

j) <>: (carried by realization relationships). The XCT of the abstract concept to implement is

substituted by the specified external implementation.

k) <>: (carried by realization relationships). The XCGE of the abstract concept to implement is

substituted by the specified external implementation.

l) <>: (carried by realization relationships). The XCPT of the abstract concept to implement is

substituted by the specified external implementation.
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m) <>: (carried by dependency relationships). The source represents an XML schema

implementing the abstract concepts defined in the target.

n) <>: (carried by dependency relationships). The source and the target represent XML schemas.

The source includes () the target.

o) <>: (carried by dependency relationships). The source and the target represent sets of XML

objects grouped within the same namespace. The source imports () the target.

In this Technical Specification the following stereotypes of packages are used.
p) <>: The package represents an XML schema.

q) <>: The package represents a set of XML objects grouped within the same

namespace.
6 Requirements
6.1 Introduction to gmd

Geographic metadata is represented in ISO 19115 as a set of UML packages containing one or more UML

classes. ISO 19115 provides a universal, encoding-independent view of geographic information metadata.

This Technical Specification provides a universal implementation of ISO 19115 through an XML schema

encoding that conforms to the rules described in ISO 19118.

While the details of XML namespaces are not included in this Technical Specification, the contents of several

namespaces are defined here. A namespace is really a collection of names which can be used in XML

documents as element or attribute names. The namespace is used to identify the names with a particular

schema. A namespace is a URI, and the ones utilized in this Technical Specification are listed in 5.2. A URI is

often cumbersome for reading, writing and including in human discussion, so this Technical Specification will

more often refer to common namespace prefixes when identifying particulars about the contents of a

namespace. The primary namespace defined in this Technical Specification is

http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gmd and the namespace prefix is gmd which stands for Geographic MetaData

extensible markup language.

XML schema offers many alternatives for structuring information for exchange. ISO 19118 defines a set of

encoding rules for transforming a UML conceptual schema from the ISO 19100 series of documents into an

XML schema. Even within the pared down limitations of ISO 19118, there are still choices for the creation of

specific XML schemas. Clauses 7, 8 and 9 describe the details of encoding the ISO 19115 UML conceptual

schema and the UML models depicted in the respective ISO 19100 series of International Standards listed in

Clause 3, into a set of XML schemas. A description of geographic ISO/TS 19139 XML resources and

examples of metadata instance documents are included in Annexes C and D.
Before delving into the details of the encoding it is important to under
...