EN 1563:2018

• Abstract:

  This European Standard defines the grades and the corresponding requirements for spheroidal graphite cast irons.; This European Standard specifies 2 groups of spheroidal graphite cast iron grades by a classification based on mechanical properties measured on machined test pieces prepared from cast samples. The first group deals mainly with ferritic to pearlitic grades. The second group deals with solid-solution strengthened ferritic grades.; This European Standard does not cover technical delivery conditions for iron castings (see EN 1559 1 [3] and EN 1559 3 [4]).; This European Standard does not cover:; - ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons which are specified in EN 1564 [7];; - low alloyed ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons which are specified in EN 16124 [8];; - continuous cast iron bars which are specified in EN 16482 [7];; - austenitic cast irons which are specified in EN 13835 [8];; - spheroidal graphite cast irons used for pipes, fittings and their joints which are the subject of EN 545 [11], EN 598 [12] and EN 969 [13];; - the grades of spheroidal graphite cast irons as specified in EN 545 which are used for products such as industrial valves, non-industrial manually operated shut-off valves and flanges and their joints, which are the subject of the applicable European product standards.

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 14-Aug-2018
• Withdrawal Date: 27-Feb-2019
• ICS: 77.080.10 - Irons
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 190 - Foundry technology
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 190/WG 7 - Spheroidal graphite, silicon molybdenum and austempered ductile iron
• Current Stage: 9093 - Decision to confirm - Review Enquiry
• Start Date: 05-Jun-2023
• Completion Date: 23-Sep-2026
• Directive: Harmonized Standard2014/68/EU - Directive 2014/68/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 May 2014 on the harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of pressure equipment
  OJ Ref: L 250/95 OJ Date: 30-Sep-2019
• Directive:

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  Not Harmonized96/87/EC - Transport of dangerous goods by rail (96/49/EC Dir. amendment)
• Directive:

  ---

  Not Harmonized97/23/EC - Pressure equipment
• Mandate: M/071 - Mandate to CEN for standardization in the field of Pressure equipment
• Ref Project: SIST EN 1563:2018 - Founding - Spheroidal graphite cast irons

• Replaces: EN 1563:2011 - Founding - Spheroidal graphite cast irons
• Effective Date: 22-Aug-2018
• Refers: EN ISO 6892-1:2019 - Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part 1: Method of test at room temperature (ISO 6892-1:2019)
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Refers: EN ISO 6506-1:2014 - Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 1: Test method (ISO 6506-1:2014)
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Refers: EN 764-5:2014 - Pressure equipment - Part 5: Inspection documentation of metallic materials and compliance with the material specification
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Refers: EN ISO 945-1:2019 - Microstructure of cast irons - Part 1: Graphite classification by visual analysis (ISO 945-1:2019)
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Refers: EN ISO 148-1:2016 - Metallic materials - Charpy pendulum impact test - Part 1: Test method (ISO 148-1:2016)
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Refers: EN 10204:2004 - Metallic products - Types of inspection documents
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: EN 13445-6:2026 - Unfired pressure vessels - Part 6: Requirements for the design and fabrication of pressure vessels and pressure parts constructed from spheroidal graphite cast iron
• Effective Date: 29-Jul-2026
• Referred By: EN 13611:2019 - Safety and control devices for burners and appliances burning gaseous and/or liquid fuels - General requirements
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: EN 13101:2002 - Steps for underground man entry chambers - Requirements, marking, testing and evaluation of conformity
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: EN 303-5:2012 - Heating boilers - Part 5: Heating boilers for solid fuels, manually and automatically stoked, nominal heat output of up to 500 kW - Terminology, requirements, testing and marking
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: EN 1092-2:2023 - Flanges and their joints - Circular flanges for pipes, valves, fittings and accessories, PN designated - Part 2: Cast iron flanges
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: EN 16129:2013 - Pressure regulators, automatic change-over devices, having a maximum regulated pressure of 4 bar, with a maximum capacity of 150 kg/h, associated safety devices and adaptors for butane, propane, and their mixtures
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: EN 12334:2001 - Industrial valves - Cast iron check valves
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: EN 15272-4:2007 - Inland navigation vessels - Equipment for rope leading - Part 4: Rope lead
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026

Overview

EN 1563:2018 - Founding: Spheroidal graphite cast irons (also known as ductile iron or nodular iron) is a CEN European Standard that defines material grades and the corresponding requirements for spheroidal graphite cast irons. The standard classifies grades by mechanical properties measured on machined test pieces prepared from cast samples and specifies two main groups:

• ferritic to pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast irons;
• solid-solution strengthened ferritic spheroidal graphite irons.

EN 1563:2018 covers designation, sampling, test methods and documentation relevant to these grades and notes specific exclusions and related product standards.

Key topics and requirements

• Grade classification: Material grades are defined by mechanical properties measured on machined test pieces; designation can be by symbol or number (with “C” added when samples are cut from a casting).
• Two grade groups:
  • Ferritic to pearlitic - structure varies from ferrite to pearlite (used where impact energy or wear resistance matters).
  • Solid-solution strengthened ferritic - ferritic matrix strengthened primarily by increased silicon content (offers higher proof strength, elongation and more uniform hardness).
• Sampling methods: Specifies acceptable sample types: separately cast samples, side‑by‑side cast samples, cast‑on samples, and samples cut from a casting. Sampling must reflect relevant wall thickness of the casting.
• Mechanical testing: Requires tensile tests, impact (Charpy) tests, hardness tests, and graphite morphology (nodularity) examination. Test procedures reference EN/ISO methods (e.g., tensile, Brinell hardness, Charpy).
• Manufacture and heat treatment: Manufacturer selects metallurgical route and composition but must meet mechanical requirements for the ordered grade; heat treatment and composition can be agreed between purchaser and manufacturer.
• Documentation & pressure equipment: Inspection documentation and traceability requirements are covered; Annex ZA links grades to the Pressure Equipment Directive (2014/68/EU) for pressure applications.

Applications and users

• Typical users: foundries, casting designers, material engineers, quality/inspection laboratories, procurement/specification teams, and product standards authors.
• Practical applications: components requiring ductility, impact resistance or controlled hardness such as automotive parts, industrial machinery, gear housings, and parts used in pressure equipment (subject to applicable product standards and PED conditions).
• Use EN 1563:2018 when specifying ductile iron grades by mechanical performance rather than fixed chemical compositions.

Related standards

• Technical delivery conditions: EN 1559‑1, EN 1559‑3
• Other cast iron types and product standards: EN 1564, EN 16124, EN 16482, EN 13835, EN 545, EN 598, EN 969
• Test methods and references: applicable EN/ISO tensile, Charpy and Brinell standards (see normative references in EN 1563:2018).

For specification or procurement, reference EN 1563:2018 to ensure consistent, test-based classification of spheroidal graphite cast iron materials.

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Livarstvo - (Siva) litina s kroglastim grafitomGießereiwesen - Gusseisen mit KugelgraphitFonderie - Fontes à graphite sphéroïdalFounding - Spheroidal graphite cast irons77.080.10ŽelezoIronsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1563:2018SIST EN 1563:2018en,fr,de01-november-2018SIST EN 1563:2018SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 1563:20121DGRPHãþD

EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 1563
August
t r s z ICS
y yä r z rä s r Supersedes EN
s w x uã t r s sEnglish Version
Founding æ Spheroidal graphite cast irons Fonderie æ Fontes à graphite sphßroïdal
Gießereiwesen æ Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit This European Standard was approved by CEN on
{ April
t r s zä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Serbiaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey and United Kingdomä
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Rue de la Science 23,
B-1040 Brussels
t r s z CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
s w x uã t r s z ESIST EN 1563:2018

Additional information on solid solution strengthened ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons . 24 Annex B (informative)
Guidance values for mechanical properties determined on test pieces machined from samples cut from the castings . 27 Annex C (informative)
Guidance values for hardness . 29 Annex D (informative)
Nodularity . 31 Annex E (informative)
Additional information on mechanical and physical properties . 32 Annex F (normative)
Sectioning procedure for cast samples . 36 Annex G (informative)
Comparison of spheroidal graphite cast iron material designations according to EN 1560 [1] and ISO/TR 15931 [15] . 37 Annex H (informative)
Fracture mechanical approach to spheroidal graphite cast irons . 38 SIST EN 1563:2018

Significant technical changes between this European Standard and the 2011 edition . 43 Annex J (informative)
Significant technical changes
between the 1997 edition and the 2011 edition . 44 Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the essential safety requirements of Annex I of the Directive 2014/68/EU aimed to be covered . 46 Bibliography . 47
min. min. min.
t
¶ 30 220 350 22 EN-GJS-350–22-LT a 5.3100 30 < t
¶ 60 210 330 18
60 < t
¶ 200 200 320 15
t
¶ 30 220 350 22 EN-GJS-350–22-RT b 5.3101 30 < t
¶ 60 220 330 18
60 < t
¶ 200 210 320 15
t
¶ 30 220 350 22 EN-GJS-350–22 5.3102 30 < t
¶ 60 220 330 18
60 < t
¶ 200 210 320 15
t
¶ 30 240 400 18 EN-GJS-400–18-LT a 5.3103 30 < t
¶ 60 230 380 15
60 < t
¶ 200 220 360 12
t
¶ 30 250 400 18 EN-GJS-400–18-RT b 5.3104 30 < t
¶ 60 250 390 15
60 < t
¶ 200 240 370 12
t
¶ 30 250 400 18 EN-GJS-400–18 5.3105 30 < t
¶ 60 250 390 15
60 < t
¶ 200 240 370 12
t
¶ 30 250 400 15 EN-GJS-400–15 5.3106 30 < t
¶ 60 250 390 14
60 < t
¶ 200 240 370 11
t
¶ 30 310 450 10 EN-GJS-450–10 5.3107 30 < t
¶ 60 to be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser
60 < t
¶ 200
t
¶ 30 320 500 7 EN-GJS-500–7 5.3200 30 < t
¶ 60 300 450 7
60 < t
¶ 200 290 420 5
t
¶ 30 370 600 3 EN-GJS-600–3 5.3201 30 < t
¶ 60 360 600 2
60 < t
¶ 200 340 550 1
t
¶ 30 420 700 2 EN-GJS-700–2 5.3300 30 < t
¶ 60 400 700 2
60 < t
¶ 200 380 650 1
t
¶ 30 480 800 2 EN-GJS-800–2 5.3301 30 < t
¶ 60 to be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser
60 < t
¶ 200
t
¶ 30 600 900 2 EN-GJS-900–2 5.3302 30 < t
¶ 60 to be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser
60 < t
¶ 200 NOTE The mechanical properties of test pieces machined from cast samples can be different from the properties of the casting itself. Values for tensile properties of the casting are given in Annex B for guidance. a LT for low temperature. b RT for room temperature. SIST EN 1563:2018

20 ± 2) °C
40 ± 2) °C Symbol Number t mm Mean value (3 tests) Individual value Mean value (3 tests) Individual value Mean value (3 tests) Individual value EN-GJS-350–22-LT 5.3100 t
¶ 30 — — — — 12 9 30 < t
¶ 60 — — — — 12 9 60 < t
¶ 200 — — — — 10 7 EN-GJS-350–22-RT 5.3101 t
¶ 30 17 14 — — — — 30 < t
¶ 60 17 14 — — — — 60 < t
¶ 200 15 12 — — — — EN-GJS-400–18-LT 5.3103 t
¶ 30 — — 12 9 — — 30 < t
¶ 60 — — 12 9 — — 60 < t
¶ 200 — — 10 7 — — EN-GJS-400–18-RT 5.3104 t
¶ 30 14 11 — — — — 30 < t
¶ 60 14 11 — — — — 60 < t
¶ 200 12 9 — — — — NOTE The mechanical properties of test pieces machined from cast samples can be different from the properties of the casting itself. 7.2.2 Test pieces machined from samples cut from a casting If applicable, the manufacturer and the purchaser shall agree on: — the location(s) on a casting where the sample(s) shall be taken; — the mechanical properties that shall be measured; — the minimum values, or allowable range of values, for these mechanical properties (for information, see Annex B). NOTE 1 The properties of castings can vary, depending on the complexity of the castings and variation in their section thickness. SIST EN 1563:2018

t Rp0,2 Rm A Symbol Number mm MPa MPa %
min. min. min. EN-GJS-450–18 5.3108 t
¶ 30 350 450 18 30
¶ t
¶ 60 340 430 14 t > 60 to be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser EN-GJS-500–14 5.3109 t
¶ 30 400 500 14 30
¶ t
¶ 60 390 480 12 t > 60 to be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser EN-GJS-600–10 5.3110 t
¶ 30 470 600 10 30
¶ t
¶ 60 450 580 8 t > 60 to be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser NOTE The mechanical properties of test pieces machined from cast samples can be different from the properties of the casting itself. Values for tensile properties of the casting are given in Annex B for guidance. SIST EN 1563:2018

mm t
¶ 12,5 — I Types b, c A 7 (Option 3: 14 mm) 12,5 < t
¶ 30 — II Types a, b, c B 14 30 < t
¶ 60 b III — C 14 60 < t
¶ 200 — IV — D 14 a Other diameters, in accordance with Figure 5, may be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser. b The cooling rate of this cast sample corresponds to that of a 40 mm wall thickness. 8.2.2 Frequency and number of tests Samples representative of the material shall be produced at a frequency in accordance with the process quality assurance procedures adopted by the manufacturer or as agreed with the purchaser. In the absence of a process quality assurance procedure or any other agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser, a minimum of one cast sample for the tensile test shall be produced to confirm the material grade. When impact tests are required, samples shall be produced at a frequency to be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser. 8.2.3 Separately cast samples The samples shall be cast separately in sand moulds and under representative manufacturing conditions. The moulds used to cast the separately cast samples shall have comparable thermal behaviour to the moulding material used to cast the castings. The samples shall meet the requirements of either Figures 1, 2 or 3. The samples shall be removed from the mould at a temperature similar to that of the castings. 8.2.4 Side-by-side cast samples Side-by-side cast samples are representative of the castings concurrently cast and also of all other castings of a similar relevant wall thickness from the same test unit. SIST EN 1563:2018

Key a for information only. b the length z shall be chosen to allow a test piece of dimensions shown in Figure 5 to be machined from the sample. The thickness of the sand mould surrounding the samples shall be at least 40 mm. Figure 1 — Separately cast or side-by-side cast samples — Option 1: U-shaped sample SIST EN 1563:2018

Key Dimension Type I II III lV u 12,5 25 50 75 v 40 55 100 125 x 25 40 50 65 y a 135 140 150 175 z b A function of the test piece length. a For information only. b z shall be chosen to allow a test piece of dimensions shown in Figure 5 to be machined from the cast sample. The thickness of the sand mould surrounding the samples shall be at least: — 40 mm for types I and II; — 80 mm for type III and IV. Figure 2 — Separately cast or side-by-side cast samples — Option 2: Y-shaped sample SIST EN 1563:2018

a) Type a
b) Type b
c) Type c Key Type A B D H Hb Lf Ln Lt W a 4,5 5,5 25 50 — Lt + 20 Lt – 50 a 100 b 4,5 5,5 25 50 — Lt + 20 Lt – 50 50 c 4,0 5,0 25 35 15 Lt + 20 Lt – 50 50 a Lt shall be chosen to allow a test piece of dimensions shown in Figure 5 to be machined from the cast sample. The thickness of the sand mould surrounding the samples shall be at least 40 mm. Figure 3 — Separately cast or side-by-side cast samples — Option 3: Round bar-shaped sample SIST EN 1563:2018

Key 1 casting Dimensions in millimetres Type Relevant wall thickness of castings t
a
b
c
h
Lt max. min. A t
¶ 12,5 15 11 7,5 20 to 30 a B 12,5 < t
¶ 30 25 19 12,5 30 to 40 C 30 < t
¶ 60 40 30 20 40 to 65 D 60 < t
¶ 200 70 52,5 35 65 to 105 a Lt shall be chosen to allow a test piece of a dimension shown in Figure 5 to be machined from the cast sample. The thickness of the sand mould surrounding the samples shall be at least: — 40 mm for types A and B; — 80 mm for types C and D. If smaller dimensions are agreed, the followings relationships apply: b = 0,75 × a c = 0,5 × a Figure 4 — Cast-on samples SIST EN 1563:2018

Key d Lo Lc min. 5 25 30 7 35 42 10 50 60 14 a 70 84 20 100 120 a Preferred dimension for 25 mm cast sample diameter. where Lo
is the original gauge length, i.e. Lo = 5 × d; d
is the diameter of the test piece along the gauge length; Lc
is the parallel length, Lc > Lo (in principle, Lc – Lo
· d); Lt
is the total length of the test piece, which depends on Lc; r
is the transition radius, which shall be at least 4 mm; Rz
is the maximum surface roughness. The method of gripping the ends of the test piece, together with their length lt may be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser. Figure 5 — Tensile test piece 9.2 Impact test The impact test shall be carried out on three standard Charpy V-notched impact test pieces (see Figure 6) in accordance with EN ISO 148-1, using test equipment with an appropriate energy to determine the properties correctly and using the 2 mm radius striker. SIST EN 1563:2018

Figure 6 — Standard Charpy V-notched impact test piece 9.3 Hardness test The hardness shall be determined as Brinell hardness in accordance with EN ISO 6506-1. Alternative hardness tests may also be agreed upon as well as specific hardness values. The test shall be carried out on the test pieces or at one or several points on the castings after preparation of the testing area in accordance with the agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser. If the measuring locations are not the subject of an agreement, they shall be chosen by the manufacturer. If it is not possible to carry out the hardness test on the casting, then by agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser, the hardness test may be carried out on a knob cast-on to the casting. 9.4 Graphite morphology examination The graphite morphology shall be confirmed by metallographic examination. Non-destructive methods can also give information. In case of dispute, the results of the microscopic examination shall prevail. 10 Retests 10.1 Need for retests Retests shall be carried out if a test is not valid. Retests are permitted to be carried out if a test result does not meet the mechanical property requirements for the specified grade. SIST EN 1563:2018

Additional information on solid solution strengthened ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons A.1 General This annex applies to solid solution strengthened ferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron grades as specified in Table 3. A.2 Material constitution A.2.1 Chemical composition In order to fulfil the requirements for the mechanical properties, a ferritic structure solid solution strengthened by silicon is recommended (see Table A.1). Table A.1 — Guidance values for silicon content Designation Silicon % approx. a, b Symbol Number EN-GJS-450–18 5.3108 3,20 EN-GJS-500–14 5.3109 3,80 EN-GJS-600–10 5.3110 4,20 a Silicon content may be lower due to other alloying elements or for thick sections. b With increasing silicon content, the carbon content should be decreased correspondingly. A.2.2 Matrix microstructure The matrix should be predominantly ferrite with a maximum pearlite content of 5 %. The amount of free cementite should not exceed 1 %. A.2.3 Graphite morphology The graphite morphology should be mainly of form V and VI in accordance with EN ISO 945-1. Due to the increased silicon content, solid solution strengthened ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons may show graphite deviations (from forms V and VI) in thick sections. However, ferritic matrices are, also for higher levels of solution strengthening by silicon, much less sensitive to reduced nodularity than cast irons strengthened by substantial amounts of pearlite. A proportion of form III can be accepted, provided the remainder is mainly of form V and VI, to fulfil the minimum tensile properties specified in this European Standard. SIST EN 1563:2018

Key a ferritic, ferritic-pearlitic and pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast irons b solution strengthened ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons Rp0,2 stress at which the plastic extension is equal to a 0,2 percentage of the extensometer gauge length Rp0,2/Rm ratio between the stress at which the plastic extension is equal to a 0,2 percentage of the extensometer gauge length and the stress corresponding to the maximum force Figure A.1 — Spheroidal graphite cast irons — 25 mm cast samples — Ratio 0,2 % proof strength/tensile strength, determined at room temperature and quasi static loading Another characteristic property of these solid solution strengthened ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons is that for an equal value in hardness, proof strength is significantly higher (compare the values for these properties in Table 1, Table 3 and Table
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