EN 15031:2022

Chemicals used for treatment of swimming pool water - Aluminium based coagulants

This document is applicable to aluminium based coagulants (aluminium sulfate, aluminium chloride (monomeric), aluminium chloride hydroxide (monomeric), aluminium chloride hydroxide sulfate (monomeric), sodium aluminate and polyaluminium chloride hydroxide and polyaluminium chloride hydroxide sulfate) used directly or for the production of formulations for treatment of water for swimming pools.
It describes the characteristics of aluminium based coagulants and specifies the requirements and the corresponding test methods for aluminium based coagulants. It gives information on their use in swimming pool water treatment. It also determines the rules relating to safe handling and use (see Annex B).

Produkte zur Aufbereitung von Schwimm- und Badebeckenwasser - Flockungsmittel auf Aluminiumbasis

Dieses Dokument ist anzuwenden für Flockungsmittel auf Aluminiumbasis [Aluminiumsulfat, Aluminium¬chlorid (monomer), Aluminiumchloridhydroxid (monomer), Aluminiumchloridhydroxidsulfat (monomer), Natriumaluminat sowie Polyaluminiumchloridhydroxid und Polyaluminiumchloridhydroxidsulfat], die direkt zur Aufbereitung von Schwimm- und Badebeckenwasser oder zur Herstellung von Zubereitungen für diesen Zweck verwendet werden.
Es beschreibt die Eigenschaften von Flockungsmitteln auf Aluminiumbasis und legt die Anforderungen sowie die entsprechenden Prüfverfahren für Flockungsmittel auf Aluminiumbasis fest. Es enthält Angaben zu deren Anwendung in der Aufbereitung von Schwimm- und Badebeckenwasser. Es legt darüber hinaus Regeln für die sichere Handhabung und Verwendung fest (siehe Anhang B).

Produits chimiques utilisés pour le traitement de l'eau des piscines - Coagulants à base d'aluminium

Le présent document s’applique aux coagulants à base d’aluminium (sulfate d’aluminium, chlorure d’aluminium [monomère], hydroxychlorure d’aluminium [monomère], sulfate d’hydroxychlorure d’aluminium [monomère], aluminate de sodium, polyhydroxychlorure d’aluminium et polyhydroxychlorosulfate d’aluminium) utilisés directement ou pour la production de formulations pour le traitement de l’eau des piscines.
Il décrit les caractéristiques des coagulants à base d’aluminium et spécifie les exigences et les méthodes d’essai correspondantes pour les coagulants à base d’aluminium. Il donne des informations pour leur emploi dans le traitement de l’eau des piscines. Il fixe également les règles relatives à la sécurité d’emploi et de manipulation (voir l’Annexe B).

Kemikalije, ki se uporabljajo za pripravo bazenske vode - Strjevanje na osnovi aluminija

Ta dokument se uporablja za sredstva za strjevanje na osnovi aluminija (aluminijev sulfat, aluminijev klorid (monomerni), aluminijev klorid hidroksid (monomerni), aluminijev klorid hidroksid sulfat (monomerni), natrijev aluminat in polialuminijev klorid hidroksid ter polialuminijev klorid hidroksid sulfat), ki se lahko uporablja neposredno ali za izdelavo mešanic za pripravo bazenske vode.
Opisuje značilnosti sredstev za strjevanje na osnovi aluminija ter določa zahteve in ustrezne preskusne metode zanje. Vsebuje informacije za uporabo sredstev za strjevanje na osnovi aluminija pri pripravi bazenske vode. Določa tudi predpise za varno ravnanje in uporabo (glej dodatek B).

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-May-2022
• Withdrawal Date: 30-Dec-2022
• ICS: 71.100.80 - Chemicals for purification of water
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 164 - Water supply
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 164/WG 9 - Drinking water treatment
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 01-Jun-2022
• Due Date: 04-Dec-2021
• Completion Date: 01-Jun-2022
• Ref Project: SIST EN 15031:2022 - Chemicals used for treatment of swimming pool water - Aluminium based coagulants

Relations

• Replaces: EN 15031:2013 - Chemicals used for treatment of swimming pool water - Aluminium based coagulants
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2022

Overview

EN 15031:2022 is a CEN (European Committee for Standardization) standard that defines requirements for aluminium based coagulants used in swimming pool water treatment. It applies to products such as aluminium sulfate, aluminium chloride (monomeric), aluminium chloride hydroxide (monomeric), aluminium chloride hydroxide sulfate (monomeric), sodium aluminate, and polyaluminium chloride hydroxide (and sulfate) - whether used directly or as ingredients in formulations. The standard describes product characteristics, sets purity and testing requirements, and gives guidance on use, labelling, transport, storage and safe handling (see Annex B). EN 15031:2022 supersedes EN 15031:2013.

Key Topics and Requirements

• Scope and product descriptions: Identification and chemical forms of aluminium-based coagulants (solid and liquid forms), typical physical and chemical properties, and commercial presentations.
• Purity criteria: Requirements covering composition of commercial products, impurities and main by‑products, and key chemical parameters to ensure suitability for swimming-pool water treatment.
• Test methods: Sampling and analytical methods referenced (including EN 1302 and relevant ISO sampling standards) to verify conformity with compositional and purity requirements.
• Safety, labelling and transport: Rules for risk and safety labelling in line with EU directives, transportation regulations, marking of consignments and accompanying documents, and storage recommendations.
• Practical use guidance: Information on compatibility with pool water chemistry (noting aluminium speciation is pH dependent) and recommended handling practices to minimise risks.
• Normative and informative annexes: Annex A provides general product information; Annex B prescribes general safety rules for handling and use.

Applications

EN 15031:2022 is primarily used to:

• Ensure consistent quality and safety of aluminium-based coagulants supplied for swimming pools.
• Define test and sampling protocols for laboratories verifying product conformity.
• Guide manufacturers and formulators on product specification, labelling and documentation for market supply.
• Assist pool operators, water treatment contractors and facility managers in selecting and safely using aluminium coagulants.
• Support procurement and regulatory compliance checks by national authorities and standards bodies.

Who Should Use This Standard

• Chemical manufacturers and formulators of pool treatment products
• Suppliers and distributors of aluminium coagulants
• Water testing laboratories and quality controllers
• Pool operators, facility managers and water treatment contractors
• Regulatory authorities and certification bodies involved in pool water safety

Related Standards

• EN 1302 - Analytical methods for aluminium-based coagulants for water intended for human consumption
• ISO 3165, ISO 6206, ISO 8213 - Sampling and safety in sampling of industrial chemical products

Note: Conformity with EN 15031:2022 supports consistent product quality and safe handling, but does not itself imply regulatory approval for use in all EU/EFTA member states.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 15031:2014
Kemikalije, ki se uporabljajo za pripravo bazenske vode - Strjevanje na osnovi
aluminija
Chemicals used for treatment of swimming pool water - Aluminium based coagulants
Produkte zur Aufbereitung von Schwimm- und Badebeckenwasser - Flockungsmittel auf
Aluminiumbasis
Produits chimiques utilisés pour le traitement de l'eau des piscines - Coagulants à base
d'aluminium
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 15031:2022
ICS:
13.060.25 Voda za industrijsko uporabo Water for industrial use
71.100.80 Kemikalije za čiščenje vode Chemicals for purification of
water
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 15031
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
June 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 71.100.80 Supersedes EN 15031:2013
English Version
Chemicals used for treatment of swimming pool water -
Aluminium based coagulants
Produits chimiques utilisés pour le traitement de l'eau Produkte zur Aufbereitung von Schwimm- und
des piscines - Coagulants à base d'aluminium Badebeckenwasser - Flockungsmittel auf
Aluminiumbasis
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 20 April 2022.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 15031:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Description . 5
4.1 Aluminium sulfate . 5
4.2 Aluminium chloride (monomeric), aluminium chloride hydroxide (monomeric) and
aluminium chloride hydroxide sulfate (monomeric) . 8
4.3 Sodium aluminate . 11
4.4 Polyaluminium chloride hydroxide and polyaluminium chloride hydroxide sulfate . 13
5 Purity criteria . 16
5.1 General. 16
5.2 Composition of commercial product . 16
5.3 Impurities and main by-products . 17
5.4 Chemical parameters. 17
6 Test methods . 18
6.1 Sampling . 18
6.2 Analyses. 19
7 Labelling - transportation - storage . 19
7.1 Means of delivery . 19
7.2 Risk and safety labelling in accordance with the EU Directives . 19
7.3 Transportation regulations and labelling . 23
7.4 Marking . 25
7.5 Storage . 25
Annex A (informative) General information on aluminium based coagulants . 27
Annex B (normative) General rules relating to safety . 29
Bibliography . 30

European foreword
This document (EN 15031:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 164 “Water
supply”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2022, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2022.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 15031:2013.
In comparison with the previous edition, the following technical modifications have been made:
— modification of 7.3 on transportation regulations and labelling, adding the sentence “The user shall
be aware of the incompatibilities between transported products.”;
— modification of 7.4 on marking. The requirements of marking are also applied to the accompanying
documents.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Introduction
In respect of potential adverse effects on the quality of water for swimming pools, caused by the
products covered by this document:
a) this document provides no information as to whether the products may be used without restriction
in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA;
b) it should be noted that, while awaiting the adoption of verifiable European criteria, existing
national regulations concerning the use and/or the characteristics of these products remain in
force.
NOTE Conformity with this document does not confer or imply acceptance or approval of the products in any
of the Member States of the EU or EFTA. The use of the products covered by this document is subject to regulation
or control by National Authorities.
1 Scope
This document is applicable to aluminium based coagulants (aluminium sulfate, aluminium chloride
(monomeric), aluminium chloride hydroxide (monomeric), aluminium chloride hydroxide sulfate
(monomeric), sodium aluminate and polyaluminium chloride hydroxide and polyaluminium chloride
hydroxide sulfate) used directly or for the production of formulations for treatment of water for
swimming pools.
It describes the characteristics of aluminium based coagulants and specifies the requirements and the
corresponding test methods for aluminium based coagulants. It gives information on their use in
swimming pool water treatment. It also determines the rules relating to safe handling and use
(see Annex B).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 1302, Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption - Aluminium-based
coagulants - Analytical methods
ISO 3165, Sampling of chemical products for industrial use — Safety in sampling
ISO 6206, Chemical products for industrial use — Sampling — Vocabulary
ISO 8213, Chemical products for industrial use — Sampling techniques — Solid chemical products in the
form of particles varying from powders to coarse lumps
3 Terms and definitions
No terms and definitions are listed in this document.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
4 Description
4.1 Aluminium sulfate
4.1.1 Identification
4.1.1.1 Chemical name
Aluminium sulfate.
4.1.1.2 Synonym or common names
Aluminium sulfate, cake alum, alum.
NOTE In English the generic term “alum” is imprecise and is deprecated and in German the term “Alaun” is
misleading.
4.1.1.3 Relative molecular mass
342,14 for Al (SO ) .
2 4 3
4.1.1.4 Empirical formula
Al (SO ) .
2 4 3
4.1.1.5 Chemical formula
Al (SO ) ·nH O.
2 4 3 2
4.1.1.6 CAS Registry Number
Al (SO ) : 10043–01–3.
2 4 3
Al (SO ) ·16 H O: 16828–11–8.
2 4 3 2
Al (SO ) ·18 H O: 7784–31–8.
2 4 3 2
4.1.1.7 EINECS reference
Al (SO ) : 233–135–0.
2 4 3
4.1.2 Commercial forms
Aluminium sulfate is available in solid hydrated forms, with different particle sizes (slabs, kibbled,
ground, granulated) and in aqueous solutions.
4.1.3 Physical properties
4.1.3.1 Appearance
The product is a white solid or colourless to yellow, clear liquid.
4.1.3.2 Density
The density of a typical aluminium sulfate solution is given in Table 1 and varies depending on the mass
fraction of the active matter (aluminium content), expressed in grams per kilogram of solution
(Al g/kg).
Table 1 — Density of solution
Aluminium concentration Density at 15 °C
g/kg of solution g/ml
40,8 1,310
41,6 1,315
42,5 1,320
43,3 1,325
44,2 1,330
45,0 1,335
Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number.
European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances.
4.1.3.3 Solubility
The theoretical limit of active matter content for a typical solution is given in Table 2.
Table 2 — Solubility
Temperature Active matter in Al
°C g/kg of solution
- 1 44,7
24 44,8
The practical limit of solubility depends on the temperature and the device used for solubilisation of the
solid form (slabs, kibbled, ground or granulated).
An indication of practical limits is given in Table 3.
Table 3 — Indication of practical limits of solubility
Temperature Active matter Al Solubility in grams solid form
(containing Al 90 g/kg of solid)
°C g/kg of solution
per kilogram of solution
15 37 410
4.1.3.4 Vapour pressure at 20 °C
Not known.
4.1.3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa
Not known.
4.1.3.6 Crystallization point
The crystallization point of aluminium sulfate varies, depending on the concentration of the active
matter.
EXAMPLE – 7 °C for a typical solution of aluminium content of 42,4 g/kg of solution.
4.1.3.7 Specific heat
Not known.
4.1.3.8 Viscosity (dynamic)
The viscosity of aluminium sulfate solution varies greatly, depending on the concentration of the active
matter.
For a typical solution of aluminium content of 42,4 g/kg of solution, the viscosity is given in Table 4.

100 kPa = 1 bar.
Table 4 — Viscosity
Temperature Viscosity
°C mPa·s
0 40,0
10 26,5
20 18,6
30 13,2
40 8,8
4.1.3.9 Critical temperature
Not applicable.
4.1.3.10 Critical pressure
Not applicable.
4.1.3.11 Physical hardness
Not applicable.
4.1.4 Chemical properties
Aluminium sulfate is an acidic hydrated salt or solution. Very diluted solutions hydrolyse and form a
precipitate of aluminium hydroxide.
Since aluminium compounds are amphoteric in nature, the solubility of aluminium depends on the pH
value and the product should be used within an appropriate pH range.
4.2 Aluminium chloride (monomeric), aluminium chloride hydroxide (monomeric) and
aluminium chloride hydroxide sulfate (monomeric)
4.2.1 Identification
4.2.1.1 Chemical name
a) aluminium chloride (monomeric);
b) aluminium chloride hydroxide (monomeric);
c) aluminium chloride hydroxide sulfate (monomeric).
4.2.1.2 Synonym or common names
a) aluminium chloride;
b) aluminium chloride hydroxide;
c) aluminium chloride hydroxide sulfate.
4.2.1.3 Relative molecular mass
133,3 for AlCl .
4.2.1.4 Empirical formula
a) AlCl ;
b) Al(OH) Cl with (a + b) = 3 and a less than or equal to 1,05;
a b
c) Al(OH) Cl (SO ) with (a + b + 2c) = 3 and a less than or equal to 1,05.
a b 4 c
4.2.1.5 Chemical formula
Variable (see 4.1.4).
4.2.1.6 CAS Registry Number
a) 7446-70-0;
b)
1) a and b variable: 1327-41-9 with a less than or equal to 1,05;
2) a = 1, b = 2: 14215-15-7;
c) a, b and c variable: 39290-78-3 with a less than or equal to 1,05.
4.2.1.7 EINECS reference
a) 231-208-1;
b)
1) 215-477-2;
2) 238-071-7;
c) 254-400-7.
4.2.2 Commercial forms
Aluminium chloride in the form of hexahydrate is available as crystals.
Liquid forms of aluminium chloride, aluminium chloride hydroxide and aluminium chloride hydroxide
sulfate (monomeric) are available as solutions or suspensions.
4.2.3 Physical properties
4.2.3.1 Appearance
The product is a white solid or colourless to yellow, clear liquid.
4.2.3.2 Density
The density depends on the particular composition, especially the aluminium ion content, expressed as
mass fraction of aluminium (Al) in %.

Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number.
European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances.
Typical values for solutions:
a) aluminium chloride: 1,3 g/ml for 5,8 % Al;
b) aluminium chloride hydroxide: 1,35 g/ml to 1,40 g/ml for 9,5 % Al;
c) aluminium chloride hydroxide sulfate:
— 1,18 g/ml to 1,22 g/ml for 5,3 % Al;
— 1,18 g/ml for 4,2 % Al.
4.2.3.3 Solubility
Aluminium chloride, aluminium chloride hydroxide and aluminium chloride hydroxide sulfate
(monomeric) are fully miscible with water.
NOTE Depending on the particular product, diluted solutions can hydrolyze and form a precipitate.
4.2.3.4 Vapour pressure
Not known.
4.2.3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa
Not known.
4.2.3.6 Crystallization point
Typical values for solutions:
a) aluminium chloride: – 20 °C for 5,8 % Al;
b) aluminium chloride hydroxide:
— ≤ – 20 °C for 9,5 % Al;
— approximately – 20 °C for 12,4 % Al;
c) aluminium chloride hydroxide sulfate:
— 10 °C to – 15 °C for 5,3 % Al;
— 5 °C for 4,2 % Al.
4.2.3.7 Specific heat
Not known.
4.2.3.8 Viscosity (dynamic)
Typical values for solutions at 20 °C:
a) aluminium chloride: approximately 10 mPa·s for 5,8 % Al;

100 kPa = 1 bar.
b) aluminium chloride hydroxide:
— 10 mPa·s to 50 mPa·s for 9,5 % Al;
c) aluminium chloride hydroxide sulfate:
— 3 mPa·s to 10 mPa·s for 5,3 % Al.
4.2.3.9 Critical temperature
Not applicable.
4.2.3.10 Critical pressure
Not applicable.
4.2.3.11 Physical hardness
Not applicable.
4.3 Sodium aluminate
4.3.1 Identification
4.3.1.1 Chemical name
Aluminium sodium oxide.
4.3.1.2 Synonym or common name
Sodium aluminate.
4.3.1.3 Relative molecular mass
82 for NaAlO .
4.3.1.4 Empirical formula
NaAlO 0,1 Na O·nH O (n varies from 0,3 to 0,4).
2 2 2
4.3.1.5 Chemical formula
NaAlO .
4.3.1.6 CAS Registry Number
11138-49-1.
4.3.1.7 EINECS reference
234-391-6.
4.3.2 Commercial form
Sodium aluminate is available as solids (powder or granules) or solutions.

Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number.
European inventory of Existing Commercial chemicals Substances.
4.3.3 Physical properties
4.3.3.1 Appearance
The product is a white powder or granules or colourless to yellow liquid.
4.3.3.2 Density
The absolute density of solid products is 2,35 g/cm .
3 3
The tamped bulk density (powder) is between 1 g/cm to 1,2 g/cm (depends on grain size).
The density of solutions is 1,5 g/ml for a solution containing 10 % of active matter, expressed as mass
fraction of aluminium in the product (10 % Al).
4.3.3.3 Solubility
Sodium aluminate is soluble in water to yield solutions of up to 12,7 % Al at 20 °C (concentration higher
than 400 g/l).
NOTE Depending on temperature and degree of dilution, solutions of sodium aluminate can hydrolyse and
form a precipitate.
4.3.3.4 Vapour pressure
— Solid not applicable;
— Solution not known.
4.3.3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa
— Solid not applicable;
— Solution not known.
4.3.3.6 Melting or crystallization point
— Solid melting point: approximately 1 650 °C;
— Solution typical values for crystallization point range between – 15 °C and – 25 °C.
4.3.3.7 Specific heat
Not known.
4.3.3.8 Viscosity (dynamic)
Typical values of dynamic viscosity for sodium aluminate solutions, containing 10 % Al and 12,7 % Al
are given in Table 5.
100 kPa = 1 bar.
Table 5 — Viscosity
Temperature Viscosity
°C mPa·s
10 % Al 12,7 % Al
– 5 1 250 15 000
0 650 7 000
5 360 2 850
10 200 1 650
15 140 900
20 120 560
4.3.3.9 Critical temperature
Not applicable.
4.3.3.10 Critical pressure
Not applicable.
4.3.3.11 Physical hardness
— Solid not known;
— Solution not applicable.
4.3.4 Chemical properties
Sodium aluminate solutions are highly alkaline. Their solutions hydrolyse and form a precipitate of
aluminium hydroxide when diluted beyond a particular level or neutralized.
Since aluminium compounds are amphoteric in nature, the solubility of aluminium depends on the pH
value and the product should be used within an appropriate pH range.
When dissolved in drinking water, calcium is partially precipitated with aluminium hydroxide.
4.4 Polyaluminium chloride hydroxide and polyaluminium chloride hydroxide sulfate
4.4.1 Identification
4.4.1.1 Chemical names
a) Polyaluminium chloride hydroxide;
b) Polyaluminium chloride hydroxide sulfate.
4.4.1.2 Synonym or common names
a) Polyaluminium chloride, PAC, PACl; basic aluminium chloride, BAC.
NOTE In French, the term “Polychlorure d'aluminium” is deprecated.
b) Polyaluminium chloride, PAC; polyaluminium chloride sulfate, PACS.
4.4.1.3 Relative molecular mass
Variable (see 4.1.4).
4.4.1.4 Empirical formula
a) Al(OH) Cl with (a + b) = 3 and a greater than 1,05;
a b
b) Al(OH) Cl (SO ) with (a + b + 2c) = 3 and a greater than 1,05.
a b c
4.4.1.5 Chemical formula
Variable (see 4.1.4).
4.4.1.6 CAS Registry Number
(a ) a and b variable: 1327-41-9 with a greater than 1,05;
(a ) a = 2,5; b = 0,5: 12042-91-0;
(a ) a = 2; b = 1: 10284-64-7;
(b) a, b and c variable: 39290-78-3 with a greater than 1,05.
4.4.1.7 EINECS reference
(a1) 215-477-2;
(a ) 234-933-1;
(a ) 233-632-2;
(b) 254-400-7.
4.4.2 Commercial forms
These products are generally available as liquids.
4.4.3 Physical properties
4.4.3.1 Appearance
The product is colourless to yellow.
4.4.3.2 Density
The density depends on the particular composition, especially the aluminium ion content, expressed as
mass fraction of aluminium (Al %).
Typical values:
a) Polyaluminium chloride hydroxide: 1,35 g/ml to 1,40 g/ml for 9,5 % Al;
b) Polyaluminium chloride hydroxide sulfate:
1) 1,18 g/ml to 1,22 g/ml for 5,3 % Al;

Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number.
European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances.
2) 1,16 g/ml for 4,2 % Al.
4.4.3.3 Solubility
All polyaluminium chloride hydroxides and polyaluminium chloride hydroxide sulfates are fully
miscible with water.
NOTE Depending on the particular product, dilute solutions can hydrolyze and form a precipitate.
4.4.3.4 Vapour pressure
Not known.
4.4.3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa
Not known.
4.4.3.6 Crystallization point
Typical values for solutions:
a) Polyaluminium chloride hydroxide:
1) – 20 °C for 9,5 % Al;
2) 0 °C for 1
...