EN 19694-3:2016

Stationary source emissions - Determination of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in energy-intensive industries - Part 3: Cement industry

This European Standard specifies a harmonized methodology for calculating GHG emissions from the cement industry, with a view to reporting these emissions for various purposes and by different basis, such as, plant basis, company basis (by country or by region) or even international group basis. It addresses all the following direct and indirect sources of GHG included [1]:
-   Direct GHG emissions (scope 1) from sources that are owned or controlled by the organization, such as emissions result from the following sources:
-   process: calcinations of carbonates and combustion of organic carbon contained in raw materials;
-   combustion of kiln fuels (fossil kiln fuels, alternative fossil fuels, mixed fuels with biogenic carbon content, biomass and bioliquids) related to clinker production and/or drying of raw materials and fuels;
-   combustion of non-kiln fuels (fossil fuels, alternative fossil fuels, mixed fuels with biogenic carbon content, biomass and bioliquids) related to equipment and on-site vehicles, room heating/cooling, drying of MIC (e.g. slag or pozzolana);
-   combustion of fuels for on-site power generation;
-   combustion of carbon contained in wastewater.
-   Energy indirect GHG emissions (scope 2) from the generation of purchased electricity consumed in the  organization’s owned or controlled equipment;
-   Other indirect GHG emissions (scope 3) from bought clinker. Excluded from this standard are all other scope 3 emissions from the cement industry.

Emissionen aus stationären Quellen - Bestimmung von Treibhausgasen (THG) aus energieintensiven Industrien - Teil 3: Zementindustrie

Die vorliegende Europäische Norm legt eine harmonisierte Methodik zur Berechnung der Treibhausgasemissionen aus der Zementindustrie fest, und zwar im Hinblick auf die Berichterstattung dieser Emissionen für verschiedene Zwecke und auf unterschiedlicher Bezugsebene, wie zum Beispiel auf Anlagenebene, Unternehmensebene (nach Land oder nach Region) oder sogar auf Konzernebene. Sie behandelt alle im Folgenden genannten direkten und indirekten Quellen von Treibhausgasen [1]:
—   direkte Treibhausgasemissionen (Scope 1) aus Quellen, die im Besitz der Organisation sind oder von dieser kontrolliert werden, z. B. Emissionen aus folgenden Quellen:
—   Prozess: Kalzinierung von Carbonaten und Verbrennung des in Rohmaterialien enthaltenen organischen Kohlenstoffs;
—   Verbrennung der Ofenbrennstoffe (fossile Ofenbrennstoffe, alternative fossile Brennstoffe, Mischbrennstoffe mit biogenem Kohlenstoffanteil, Biomasse und flüssige Biobrennstoffe) im Zusammenhang mit der Klinkerherstellung und/oder dem Trocknen von Rohmaterialien und Brennstoffen;
—   Verbrennung der Nicht-Ofenbrennstoffe (fossile Brennstoffe, alternative fossile Brennstoffe, Mischbrennstoffe mit biogenem Kohlenstoffanteil, Biomasse und flüssige Biobrennstoffe) im Zusammenhang mit Betriebseinrichtungen und auf dem Gelände eingesetzten Fahrzeugen, dem Heizen/Kühlen von Räumen, dem Trocknen von MIC (z. B. Schlacke oder Puzzolan);
—   Verbrennung von Brennstoffen zur Stromerzeugung vor Ort;
—   Verbrennung von in Abwasser enthaltenem Kohlenstoff;
—   energiebedingte indirekte Treibhausgasemissionen (Scope 2) aus der Erzeugung zugekaufter elektrischer Energie, die in den Betriebseinrichtungen verbraucht wird, welche sich im Besitz der Organisation befinden oder von dieser kontrolliert werden;
—   sonstige indirekte Treibhausgasemissionen (Scope 3) aus zugekauftem Klinker. Alle übrigen Scope-3-Emissionen aus der Zementindustrie sind von dieser Norm ausgeschlossen.

Émissions de sources fixes - Détermination des émissions de gaz à effet de serre (GES) dans les industries énergo-intensives - Partie 3: Industrie du ciment

La présente Norme européenne spécifie une méthodologie harmonisée pour calculer les émissions de GES provenant de l'industrie du ciment, en vue de déclarer ces émissions à des fins diverses et sur différentes bases telles qu'au niveau d'une usine, d'une entreprise (par pays ou région) ou d'un groupe international. Elle examine toutes les sources suivantes d'émissions directes et indirectes de GES [1] :
-   Émissions directes de GES (type 1) provenant de sources détenues ou contrôlées par l'organisation, les émissions émanant des sources suivantes :
-   procédé : calcination des carbonates et combustion du carbone organique contenu dans les matières premières ;
-   combustion des combustibles alimentant les fours (combustibles fossiles utilisés pour alimenter les fours, combustibles fossiles de substitution, combustibles mixtes contenant du carbone biogénique, biomasse et bioliquides) liés à la production de clinker et/ou au séchage des matières premières et des combustibles ;
-   combustion des combustibles non destinés à alimenter les fours (combustibles fossiles, combustibles fossiles de substitution, combustibles mixtes contenant du carbone biogénique, biomasse et bioliquides) liés aux équipements et aux véhicules utilisés sur site, au chauffage/refroidissement des locaux, au séchage des MIC (laitier ou pouzzolane, par exemple) ;
-   combustion des combustibles pour la production d'électricité sur site ;
-   combustion du carbone contenu dans les eaux usées ;
-   Émissions indirectes de GES des énergies (type 2) provenant de la production de l'électricité achetée et consommée par les équipements détenus ou contrôlés par l'organisation ;
-   Autres émissions indirectes de GES (type 3) provenant du clinker acheté. Toutes les autres émissions de type 3 provenant de l'industrie du ciment sont exclues du domaine d'application de la présente norme.

Emisije nepremičnih virov - Določevanje emisij toplogrednih plinov (TGP) v energetsko intenzivnih industrijah - 3. del: Proizvodnja cementa

Določevanje emisij toplogrednih plinov na podlagi metode masne bilance pri proizvodnji cementa. Zajete bodo definicije in indikatorji učinkovitosti. Cilj je postopek preverjanja, s katerim se oceni in primerja vhodna in izhodna metoda za določanje emisij CO2 pri postopku proizvodnje klinkerja. Standard bo opisoval potrjeni postopek določanja.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 19-Jul-2016
• Withdrawal Date: 30-Jan-2017
• ICS: 13.040.40 - Stationary source emissions
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 264 - Air quality
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 264/WG 33 - Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in energy-intensive industries
• Current Stage: 9093 - Decision to confirm - Review Enquiry
• Completion Date: 15-Mar-2022
• Mandate: M/478 - Standardisation mandate to CEN, CENELEC and ETSI for the development of EU technical standards in the field of greenhouse gas emissions
• Ref Project: SIST EN 19694-3:2017 - Stationary source emissions - Determination of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in energy-intensive industries - Part 3: Cement industry

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2017
(PLVLMHQHSUHPLþQLKYLURY'RORþHYDQMHHPLVLMWRSORJUHGQLKSOLQRY7*3Y
HQHUJHWVNRLQWHQ]LYQLKLQGXVWULMDKGHO3URL]YRGQMDFHPHQWD
Stationary source emissions - Determination of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in
energy-intensive industries - Part 3: Cement industry
Emissionen aus stationären Quellen - Bestimmung von Treibhausgasen (THG) aus
energieintensiven Industrien - Teil 3: Zementindustrie
Émissions de sources fixes - Détermination des émissions des gaz à effet de serre dans
les industries à forte intensité énergétique - Partie 3: Industrie du ciment
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 19694-3:2016
ICS:
13.020.40 Onesnaževanje, nadzor nad Pollution, pollution control
onesnaževanjem in and conservation
ohranjanje
13.040.40 (PLVLMHQHSUHPLþQLKYLURY Stationary source emissions
91.100.10 Cement. Mavec. Apno. Malta Cement. Gypsum. Lime.
Mortar
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 19694-3
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
July 2016
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.040.40
English Version
Stationary source emissions - Determination of
greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in energy-intensive
industries - Part 3: Cement industry
Émissions de sources fixes - Détermination des Emissionen aus stationären Quellen - Bestimmung von
émissions de gaz à effet de serre (GES) dans les Treibhausgasen (THG) aus energieintensiven
industries énergo-intensives - Partie 3: Industrie du Industrien - Teil 3: Zementindustrie
ciment
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 May 2016.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 19694-3:2016 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 9
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms and definitions . 9
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 12
5 Determination of GHGs based on the mass balance method . 13
5.1 General . 13
5.2 Major GHG in cement . 14
5.3 Determination based on mass balance . 14
5.4 Determination by stack emission measurements . 14
5.5 Gross and net emissions . 14
6 System boundaries . 21
6.1 General . 21
6.2 Operational boundaries . 21
6.3 Organizational boundaries . 22
7 Direct GHG emissions and their determination . 25
7.1 General . 25
7.2 CO from raw material calcinations . 28
7.3 Reporting of CO emissions from raw material calcination based on clinker output:
summary of IPCC and CSI recommendations and default emission factor for clinker . 37
7.4 Determining the FD calcination rate . 38
7.5 Direct determination of the CO emission factor of FD from analysis of CO content . 39
2 2
7.6 Cement specific issues for fuels . 39
7.7 GHG from fuels for kilns . 41
7.8 GHG from non-kiln fuels . 41
7.9 GHG from the combustion of wastewater . 42
7.10 Non-CO GHG emissions from the cement industry . 42
8 Energy indirect and other indirect GHG emissions and their determination . 43
8.1 General . 43
8.2 CO from external electricity production . 43
8.3 CO from bought clinker . 44
9 Baselines, acquisitions and disinvestments . 44
10 Reporting . 45
10.1 General . 45
10.2 Corporate environmental reporting . 45
10.3 Reporting periods . 46
10.4 Performance indicators . 47
11 Uncertainty of GHG inventories . 53
11.1 Introduction to uncertainty assessment . 53
11.2 Uncertainty of activity data . 56
11.3 Uncertainties of fuel and material parameters . 56
11.4 Uncertainties of continuous stack emission measurements . 57
11.5 Evaluation of the overall uncertainty of a GHG inventory . 58
11.6 Application of default values instead of analysing results . 58
12 Considerations for applying this standard (verification procedure) . 59
Annex A (informative) Findings from the field tests (analytical interferences). 61
Annex B (informative) Emission factors . 65
Annex C (informative) Uncertainty of activity data . 67
Annex D (informative)  Overview on terms in a cement plant . 73
Bibliography . 75

European foreword
This document (EN 19694-3:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air
quality”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2017, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by January 2017.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
This document has been prepared under a mandate M/478 given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association.
EN 19694, Stationary source emissions — Determination of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in energy-
intensive industries is a series of standards that consists of the following parts:
— Part 1: General aspects
— Part 2: Iron and steel industry
— Part 3: Cement industry
— Part 4: Aluminium industry
— Part 5: Lime industry
— Part 6: Ferroalloy industry
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Introduction
This European Standard for the cement industry has been based on the WBCSD/CSI and WRI: “CO and
Energy Accounting and Reporting Standard for the Cement Industry” [1].
Overview of cement manufacturing process
Cement manufacture includes three main process steps (see Figure 1):
a) preparing of raw materials and fuels;
b) producing clinker, an intermediate, through pyro-processing of raw materials;
c) grinding and blending clinker with other products (“mineral components”) to make cement.
There are two main sources of direct CO emissions in the production process: calcination of raw
materials in the pyro-processing stage, and combustion of kiln fuels. These two sources are described in
more detail below. Other CO sources include direct GHG emissions from non-kiln fuels (e.g. dryers for
cement constituents products, room heating, on-site transports and on-site power generation), and
indirect GHG emissions from, e.g. external power production and transports. Non-CO greenhouse gases
covered by the Kyoto Protocol , apart from carbon monoxide (CO) methane (CH ) and nitrous oxide
(N O), are not relevant in the cement context, in the sense that direct GHG emissions of these gases are
negligible.
Figure 1 — Process steps in cement manufacture (source: Ellis 2000, based on Ruth et al. 2000)

Methane (CH), nitrous oxide (NO), sulfur hexafluoride (SF ), partly halogenated
4 2 6
fluorohydrogencarbons (HFC) and perfluorated hydrocarbons (PFC)
Table 1 — Overview of input places of materials
Raw meal Input place
Raw materials from natural resources Raw mill
Alternative raw materials Raw mill

Raw material flows for clinker production Input place
Raw meal Kiln feed
Fuel ashes Burner or precalciner or fuel dryer
Additional raw materials not part of the kiln Kiln inlet
feed
Fuels flows for clinker and cement Input place
production
Fossil fuels Burner or precalciner or fuel dryer or raw material dryer
Alternative fuels Burner or precalciner or fue
...