prEN 17428

Packaging - Determination of the degree of disintegration under simulated home composting conditions

This document specifies a method of determining the degree of disintegration of packaging materials when exposed to a laboratory-scale home composting environment. The method is not applicable to the determination of the biodegradability of packaging materials under home composting conditions. Other methods are available for this (e.g. see ISO 14851, ISO 14852 or ISO 14855-1 and ISO 14855-2). Further testing is necessary to be able to claim home compostability.

Verpackung - Bestimmung des Zersetzungsgrades unter simulierten Heimkompostierungsbedingungen

Dieses Dokument legt zwei Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Grads der Desintegration von Prüfmaterialien fest, wenn diese einer simulierten, gut kontrollierten privaten Kompostierumgebung ausgesetzt sind:
-   das Gewichtsbewertungsverfahren (en: weight evaluation, WE) durch Sieben und Bewertung durch Wiegen;
-   das Oberflächenbewertungsverfahren (en: surface evaluation, SE) mithilfe von Diarahmen und Bewertung durch Oberflächenmessung.
Dieses Verfahren gilt nicht für die Bestimmung der biologischen Abbaubarkeit der Prüfmaterialien unter privaten Kompostierbedingungen. Um die Kompostierbarkeit im privaten Bereich zu bestätigen, sind zusätzliche Prüfungen erforderlich.
ANMERKUNG 1   Das Gewichtsbewertungsverfahren unter Verwendung von mindestens 3 Replikaten entspricht der quantitativen Bestimmung der Desintegration nach prEN 17427 .
ANMERKUNG 2   Das Gewichtsbewertungsverfahren unter Verwendung von 2 Replikaten und das Oberflächen-bewertungsverfahren entsprechen der quantitativen Bestimmung der Desintegration nach prEN 174271.

Emballage - Détermination du degré de désintégration dans des conditions simulées de compostage domestique

Le présent document spécifie deux méthodes de détermination du degré de désintégration de matériaux d’essai exposés à des conditions de compostage domestique bien gérées :
-   méthode d’évaluation du poids (méthode EP) utilisant le tamisage et l’évaluation par pesage ;
-   méthode d’évaluation de la surface (méthode ES) utilisant des cadres de diapositives et une évaluation par mesurage de surface.
La méthode ne s’applique pas à la détermination de la biodégradabilité des matériaux d’essai dans des conditions de compostage domestique. Des essais supplémentaires seront nécessaires pour pouvoir revendiquer la compostabilité domestique.
NOTE 1   La méthode d’évaluation du poids utilisant un minimum de 3 réplicats correspond à la détermination quantitative de la désintégration, comme exprimée dans la norme prEN 17427 ).
NOTE 2   La méthode d’évaluation du poids utilisant 2 réplicats et la méthode d’évaluation de la surface correspondent à la détermination qualitative de la désintégration, comme exprimée dans la norme prEN 174271.

Embalaža - Določevanje stopnje razkroja v simuliranih pogojih kompostiranja doma

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• ICS: 13.030.99 - Other standards related to wastes
• ICS: 55.040 - Packaging materials and accessories
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 261 - Packaging
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 261/SC 4/WG 2 - Degradability and organic recovery of packaging and packaging materials
• Current Stage: 4599 - Dispatch of FV draft to CMC - Finalization for Vote
• Due Date: 16-Sep-2021
• Completion Date: 16-Sep-2021
• Ref Project: oSIST prEN 17428:2020 - Packaging - Determination of the degree of disintegration under simulated home composting conditions

Standards Content (sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 17428:2020
01-april-2020
Embalaža - Določevanje stopnje razkroja v simuliranih pogojih kompostiranja
doma
Packaging - Determination of the degree of disintegration under simulated home
composting conditions
Verpackung - Bestimmung des Zersetzungsgrades unter simulierten
Heimkompostierungsbedingungen
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 17428
ICS:
13.030.99 Drugi standardi v zvezi z Other standards related to
odpadki wastes
55.020 Pakiranje in distribucija blaga Packaging and distribution of
na splošno goods in general
oSIST prEN 17428:2020 en,fr,de

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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oSIST prEN 17428:2020
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oSIST prEN 17428:2020
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 17428
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2020
ICS 13.030.99; 55.040
English Version
Packaging - Determination of the degree of disintegration
under simulated home composting conditions
Verpackung - Bestimmung des Zersetzungsgrades
unter simulierten Heimkompostierungsbedingungen

This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee

CEN/TC 261.

If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations

which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other

language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC

Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,

Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,

Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and

United Kingdom.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are

aware and to provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without

notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels

© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 17428:2020 E

worldwide for CEN national Members.
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oSIST prEN 17428:2020
prEN 17428:2020 (E)
Contents Page

European foreword ....................................................................................................................................................... 3

Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................... 4

1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................................... 5

2 Normative references .................................................................................................................................... 5

3 Terms and definitions ................................................................................................................................... 5

4 Weight evaluation method (WE Method) ............................................................................................... 7

4.1 Principle ............................................................................................................................................................. 7

4.2 Solid waste test matrix .................................................................................................................................. 7

4.3 Composting reactor ........................................................................................................................................ 8

4.4 Procedure........................................................................................................................................................... 9

4.4.1 Test material preparation ........................................................................................................................... 9

4.4.2 Start-up of the test .......................................................................................................................................... 9

4.4.3 Incubation period ........................................................................................................................................... 9

4.5 Chemical analysis ............................................................................................................................................ 9

4.6 Termination of the test and measurement of the degree of disintegration ........................... 10

4.7 Calculation of degree of disintegration ................................................................................................ 10

4.8 Expression of results ................................................................................................................................... 10

4.9 Validity of the test ........................................................................................................................................ 10

4.10 Test report ...................................................................................................................................................... 10

5 Surface evaluation method (SE Method) ............................................................................................. 11

5.1 Principle .......................................................................................................................................................... 11

5.2 Solid waste test matrix ............................................................................................................................... 11

5.3 Composting reactor ..................................................................................................................................... 11

5.4 Procedure........................................................................................................................................................ 11

5.4.1 Test material preparation ........................................................................................................................ 11

5.4.2 Start-up of the test ....................................................................................................................................... 12

5.4.3 Incubation period ........................................................................................................................................ 12

5.5 Chemical analysis ......................................................................................................................................... 12

5.6 Termination of the test and measurement of the degree of disintegration ........................... 12

5.7 Calculation of degree of disintegration ................................................................................................ 12

5.8 Expression of results ................................................................................................................................... 13

5.9 Validity of the test ........................................................................................................................................ 13

5.10 Test report ...................................................................................................................................................... 13

Annex A (informative) Example of determination of the degree of disintegration using

simplified disintegration test method by means of slide frames ............................................... 14

Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................................. 15

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oSIST prEN 17428:2020
prEN 17428:2020 (E)
European foreword

This document (prEN 17428:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 261 “Packaging”,

the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
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oSIST prEN 17428:2020
prEN 17428:2020 (E)
Introduction

The test method described in this document determines the degree of disintegration of test materials

when exposed to a simulated well-managed home composting environment.

The disintegration of test materials is determined either by means of a weight evaluation method or by

means of a surface evaluation method.

Determining the degree of disintegration of test materials under simulated home composting conditions

is an important step within a test scheme to evaluate test materials such as carrier bags suitable for

treatment in well-managed home composting installations.
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oSIST prEN 17428:2020
prEN 17428:2020 (E)
1 Scope

This document specifies two methods of determining the degree of disintegration of test materials when

exposed to a well-managed home composting conditions:
— weight evaluation method (WE method) using sieving and evaluation by weighing;

— surface evaluation method (SE method) using photographic slide frames and evaluation by surface

area measurement.

The method is not applicable to the determination of the biodegradability of test materials under home

composting conditions. Additional testing is necessary to be able to claim home compostability.

NOTE 1 The weight evaluation method using minimum 3 replicates is corresponding to the quantitative

determination of disintegration, as expressed in prEN 17427 .

NOTE 2 The weight evaluation method using 2 replicates and the surface evaluation method are corresponding

to the qualitative determination of disintegration as expressed in prEN 17427 .
2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content

constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For

undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

EN 13432, Packaging — Requirements for packaging recoverable through composting and

biodegradation — Test scheme and evaluation criteria for the final acceptance of packaging

EN 15933, Sludge, treated biowaste and soil — Determination of pH

ISO 3310-1, Test sieves — Technical requirements and testing — Part 1: Test sieves of metal wire cloth

ISO 10390, Soil quality — Determination of pH

ISO 16929, Plastics — Determination of the degree of disintegration of plastic materials under defined

composting conditions in a pilot-scale test
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/

These notes could be deleted once prEN 17427 will be updated using the new names of the methods.

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oSIST prEN 17428:2020
prEN 17428:2020 (E)
3.1
compost

organic soil conditioner obtained by biodegradation of a mixture consisting principally of vegetable

residues, occasionally with other organic material and having a limited mineral content

[SOURCE: EN ISO 20200:2015 [1], 3.1]
3.2
compostability
ability of a material to be biodegraded in a composting process

Note 1 to entry: To claim compostability it shall have been demonstrated that a material can be biodegraded and

disintegrated in a composting system (as can be shown by standard test methods) and completes its biodegradation

during the end-use of the compost. The compost shall meet the relevant quality criteria. Quality criteria are e.g. low

regulated metal content, no ecotoxicity, no obviously distinguishable residues.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 20200:2015 [1], 3.2]
3.3
composting
aerobic process designed to produce compost
[SOURCE: EN ISO 20200:2015 [1], 3.3]
3.4
home composting

composting process performed by a private individual with the aim of producing compost for his own

use
[SOURCE: prEN 17427:2020 [7], 3.3]
3.5
disintegration
physical breakdown of a material into very small fragments
[SOURCE: EN ISO 20200:2015 [1], 3.4]
3.6
dry mass
mass of a sample measured after drying

Note 1 to entry: Dry mass is expressed as a percentage of the mass of the wet sample.

[SOURCE: EN ISO 20200:2015 [1], 3.5]
3.7
total dry solids

amount of solids obtained by taking a known volume of test material or compost and drying at about

105 °C to constant mass
[SOURCE: EN ISO 20200:2015 [1], 3.8]
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oSIST prEN 17428:2020
prEN 17428:2020 (E)
3.8
volatile solids

amount of solids obtained by subtracting the residue obtained from a known volume of test material or

compost after incineration at about 550 °C from the total dry solids content of the same sample

Note 1 to entry: The volatile-solids content is an indication of the amount of organic matter present.

[SOURCE: EN ISO 20200:2015 [1], 3.9]
3.9
well-managed home composting

home composting practice which meets the minimum required conditions to convert biowaste into

compost
Note 1 to entry: See prEN 17427:2020, Annex E.
4 Weight evaluation method (WE Method)
4.1 Principle

The method determines the degree of disintegration of test materials on a laboratory scale test under

conditions simulating well managed an aerobic home composting process. The solid waste test matrix

used consists of a mixture of mature compost taken from a municipal or industrial composting plant,

starch and rabbit food or of a mixture of mature compost taken from a municipal or industrial composting

plant and municipal organic waste.

Pieces of the plastic test material are composted with this prepared solid waste test matrix. The degree

of disintegration is determined after a composting cycle, by sieving the final matrix through a 2 mm sieve

in order to recover the non-disintegrated residues. The reduction in mass of the test sample is considered

as disintegrated material and used to calculate the degree of disintegration.
4.2 Solid waste test matrix
The solid waste test matrix shall consist either

a) of a weight based mixture of 90/1/1 ratio of mature compost of Rottegrad V with a total solids

content of 50 % ± 5 %, chemically unmodified starch and rabbit feed, or

b) of a weight based mixture of 80/20 ratio of mature compost of Rottegrad V with a total solids content

of 50 % ± 5 % and municipal organic waste cut to a grain size of less than 1 cm.

The same amount of chemically unmodified starch and rabbit feed or municipal organic waste may be re-

inoculated once after a minimum test duration of 12 weeks.

NOTE The assignment of a maturity level to compost using the “Rottegrad” scale takes place on the basis of the

determination of the maximum temperature (T ) in a self-heating test using Dewar vessels. The measured

max

maximum temperature after about 2 to 5 days is used to classify the compost as follows:

— Rottegrad I: T > 60 °C (fresh biowaste)
max
— Rottegrad II: T 50,1 °C to 60 °C
max
— Rottegrad III: T 40,1 °C to 50 °C
max
— Rottegrad IV: T 30,1 °C to 40 °C
max
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oSIST prEN 17428:2020
prEN 17428:2020 (E)
— Rottegrad V: T ≤ 30 °C (mature compost)
max
For details of the method, see Reference [8].

Well aerated compost from a municipal or industrial aerobic composting plant shall be used as the

inoculum. Sieve the compost using a screen of mesh aperture of minimum 5 mm and maximum 10 mm.

Afterwards remove any inert objects from the screen underflow, such as glass, stones, plastic or metal,

larger than 2 mm manually. It is recommended that compost from a plant composting the organic fraction

of solid municipal waste be used in order to ensure sufficient diversity of microorganisms. The compost

shall not be older than four months.

The rabbit-feed shall be a commercial product based on alfalfa (lucerne) (Medicago sativa) and vegetable

meal. If a product with a different composition is used, the composition shall be given in the test report.

The protein content of the rabbit-feed shall be approximately 15 % and the cellulose content

approximately 20 %.

The pH-value of the as prepared solid waste shall not be below 6. In this case the solid waste shall be

replaced.
4.3 Composting reactor

The preferred composting reactor is a box made of polypropylene or other inert material, having the

following dimensions: 30 cm × 20 cm × 10 cm (l, w, h). The box shall be covered with a lid assuring a tight

seal to avoid excessive evaporation. Additionally, any gap between box and lid may be sealed with

adhesive tape. In the middle of the two 20 cm wide sides, a hole of 5 mm diameter shall be made

approximately 6,5 cm from the bottom of the box. These two holes provide gas exchange between the

inner atmosphere and the outside environment and shall not be blocked.
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