EN 1890:2006
(Main)Surface active agents - Determination of cloud point of non-ionic surface active agents obtained by condensation of ethylene oxide
Surface active agents - Determination of cloud point of non-ionic surface active agents obtained by condensation of ethylene oxide
This document specifies methods for the determination of the cloud point of solutions of non-ionic surface active agents obtained by the reaction of ethylene oxide with a hydrophobic base molecule.
This document primarily applies to surfactants obtained by reaction of ethylene oxide with hydrophobic base molecules, such as fatty alcohols, fatty acids, long-chain alkylphenols, fatty amines, fatty acid esters of sugar derivatives among other ethoxylated non-ionic surfactants, which are by far the most commonly used.
NOTE Other non-ionic surfactants containing other structural units, such as propylene oxide-ethylene oxide block copolymers, have distinctive behaviours that make the determination of the cloud point more difficult. This leads sometimes to a gradual turbidity over a temperature range of several degrees or even to the occurrence of two cloud points at significantly different temperatures.
Grenzflächenaktive Stoffe - Bestimmung des Trübungspunktes nichtionischer, durch Anlagerung von Ethylenoxid hergestellter grenzflächenaktive Stoffe
Dieses Dokument legt Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Trübungspunktes von Lösungen nicht ionischer
grenzflächenaktiver Stoffe fest, wie sie durch Reaktion von Ethylenoxid mit einem hydrophoben
Ausgangsmolekül erhalten werden.
Dieses Dokument gilt hauptsächlich für grenzflächenaktive Stoffe, wie sie durch Reaktion von Ethylenoxid mit
hydrophoben Ausgangsmolekülen, wie Fettalkoholen, Fettsäuren, langkettigen Alkylphenolen, Fettaminen,
Fettsäureestern von Zuckerderivaten neben anderen ethoxylierten nicht ionischen grenzflächenaktiven
Stoffen erhalten werden, wobei die oben aufgezählten bei weitem am meisten verwendet werden.
ANMERKUNG Andere nicht ionische grenzflächenaktive Stoffe mit anderen strukturellen Einheiten, wie Propylenoxid-
Ethylenoxid-Blockcopolymere, zeigen ein bestimmtes Verhalten, das die Bestimmung des Trübungspunktes schwieriger
macht. Dies führt manchmal zu einer allmählichen Eintrübung über einen Temperaturbereich von mehreren Grad oder
sogar zu zwei Trübungspunkten bei deutlich verschiedenen Temperaturen.
Agents de surface - Détermination du point de trouble des agents de surface non ioniques obtenus par condensation d'oxydes d'éthylène
Le présent document spécifie les méthodes de détermination du point de trouble des solutions d'agents de
surface non ioniques obtenus par réaction de l'oxyde d'éthylène avec un radical hydrophobe.
Le présent document sapplique avant tout aux agents de surface obtenus par réaction de l'oxyde d'éthylène
avec des radicaux hydrophobes, tels que les alcools gras, les acides gras, les alkylphénols à chaîne longue,
les amines grasses, les esters d'acides gras des dérivés du sucre entre autres agents de surface non
ioniques éthoxylés, qui sont de loin les plus couramment utilisés.
NOTE Les agents de surface non ioniques qui contiennent d'autres motifs structuraux, tels que les copolymères
séquencés oxyde de propylène-oxyde d'éthylène, présentent des comportements différents qui rendent plus difficile la
détermination du point de trouble. Ceci se traduit parfois par une turbidité continue sur une plage de températures de
plusieurs degrés ou même par l'apparition de deux points de trouble à des températures significativement différentes.
Površinsko aktivne snovi – Ugotavljanje točke zmotnitve neionskih površinsko aktivnih snovi, pridobljenih s kondenzacijo etilen oksida
General Information
Relations
Overview
EN 1890:2006 is a European Standard developed by CEN that specifies the standardized methods for determining the cloud point of non-ionic surface active agents (surfactants) produced by the condensation of ethylene oxide with hydrophobic base molecules. The cloud point is a critical temperature at which the aqueous solution of these surfactants turns turbid due to phase separation and then clarifies again upon cooling.
This standard applies primarily to a wide range of ethoxylated non-ionic surfactants, including those derived from fatty alcohols, fatty acids, long-chain alkylphenols, fatty amines, and sugar derivative esters. Accurate determination of the cloud point is essential in the chemical industry for quality control and to understand surfactant performance under different temperature conditions.
Key Topics
Cloud Point Definition
- The cloud point is the temperature at which a surfactant solution becomes cloudy due to separation into two liquid phases.
- It is sensitive to factors such as ethylene oxide content, surfactant concentration, and presence of additives like electrolytes.
- The temperature at which the solution clarifies on cooling is also monitored and considered as the cloud point for practical purposes.
Test Principle
- The surfactant solution is heated until turbid, then slowly cooled under stirring.
- The temperature at which turbidity disappears marks the cloud point.
Test Methods
EN 1890:2006 describes five distinct methods (A-E) depending on the cloud point temperature and the sample matrix:
- Method A: Pure aqueous solution (1 g sample + 100 g water), for cloud points between 10°C and 90°C.
- Method B: Sodium chloride 50 g/L solution for higher cloud points >90°C.
- Method C: Sodium chloride 100 g/L solution for even higher cloud points >90°C.
- Method D & E: Solutions using diethylene glycol mono-n-butylether (butyldiglycol) for cloud points below 10°C, with different solvent-to-sample ratios.
Precision and Reproducibility
- Repeatability between measurements by the same operator should not exceed 0.5°C difference.
- Reproducibility between different laboratories should not exceed 1°C difference.
Reporting Requirements
The test reports must include:
- Complete identification of the surfactant sample.
- The specific method used (A to E).
- Cloud point results with arithmetic mean and individual values.
- Concentration details if different from standard.
- Date and any deviations from the procedure.
Applications
- Quality Control in Surfactant Manufacturing: Ensuring product consistency by monitoring cloud point reflects ethoxylation degree and purity.
- Formulation Optimization: Knowledge of cloud point helps formulators predict temperature-dependent behavior of detergents, emulsifiers, and other surface active agents in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and industrial cleaners.
- Process Design and Stability Assessment: Cloud point data guide storage and processing temperature limits preventing phase separation or performance loss.
- Environmental and Safety Regulations: Understanding surfactant properties under thermal conditions aids compliance with handling and disposal standards.
Related Standards
- EN ISO 862:1995 – Vocabulary of surface active agents, providing important definitions related to surfactants.
- EN ISO 3696 – Specification for water purity necessary for laboratory analyses under this standard.
- ISO 607 – Methods for sample division of surface active agents contributing to proper sample preparation.
- ISO 1065 – Another reference for cloud point determination of ethoxylated non-ionic surfactants, supplementing EN 1890 methodologies.
Keywords: EN 1890:2006, cloud point determination, ethoxylated non-ionic surfactants, surface active agents, surfactant testing methods, ethylene oxide condensation, non-ionic surfactants, butyldiglycol solution, sodium chloride solution, surfactant quality control, CEN standards.
Frequently Asked Questions
EN 1890:2006 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Surface active agents - Determination of cloud point of non-ionic surface active agents obtained by condensation of ethylene oxide". This standard covers: This document specifies methods for the determination of the cloud point of solutions of non-ionic surface active agents obtained by the reaction of ethylene oxide with a hydrophobic base molecule. This document primarily applies to surfactants obtained by reaction of ethylene oxide with hydrophobic base molecules, such as fatty alcohols, fatty acids, long-chain alkylphenols, fatty amines, fatty acid esters of sugar derivatives among other ethoxylated non-ionic surfactants, which are by far the most commonly used. NOTE Other non-ionic surfactants containing other structural units, such as propylene oxide-ethylene oxide block copolymers, have distinctive behaviours that make the determination of the cloud point more difficult. This leads sometimes to a gradual turbidity over a temperature range of several degrees or even to the occurrence of two cloud points at significantly different temperatures.
This document specifies methods for the determination of the cloud point of solutions of non-ionic surface active agents obtained by the reaction of ethylene oxide with a hydrophobic base molecule. This document primarily applies to surfactants obtained by reaction of ethylene oxide with hydrophobic base molecules, such as fatty alcohols, fatty acids, long-chain alkylphenols, fatty amines, fatty acid esters of sugar derivatives among other ethoxylated non-ionic surfactants, which are by far the most commonly used. NOTE Other non-ionic surfactants containing other structural units, such as propylene oxide-ethylene oxide block copolymers, have distinctive behaviours that make the determination of the cloud point more difficult. This leads sometimes to a gradual turbidity over a temperature range of several degrees or even to the occurrence of two cloud points at significantly different temperatures.
EN 1890:2006 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 71.100.40 - Surface active agents. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN 1890:2006 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN 1890:1999. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
You can purchase EN 1890:2006 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of CEN standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Surface active agents - Determination of cloud point of non-ionic surface active agents obtained by condensation of ethylene oxideAgents de surface - Détermination du point de trouble des agents de surface non ioniques obtenus par condensation d'oxydes d'éthyleneGrenzflächenaktive Stoffe - Bestimmung des Trübungspunktes nichtionischer, durch Anlagerung von Ethylenoxid hergestellter grenzflächenaktive StoffeTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1890:2006SIST EN 1890:2006en71.100.40ICS:SIST EN 1890:19991DGRPHãþDSLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 1890:200601-september-2006
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 1890June 2006ICS 71.100.40Supersedes EN 1890:1999
English VersionSurface active agents - Determination of cloud point of non-ionicsurface active agents obtained by condensation of ethyleneoxideAgents de surface - Détermination du point de trouble desagents de surface non ioniques obtenus par condensationd'oxydes d'éthylèneGrenzflächenaktive Stoffe - Bestimmung desTrübungspunktes nichtionischer, durch Anlagerung vonEthylenoxid hergestellter grenzflächenaktive StoffeThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 May 2006.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2006 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 1890:2006: E
4 Introduction Solutions of non-ionic surface active agents obtained by the reaction of ethylene oxide with a hydrophobic base molecule, in water or in mixtures of water and organic solvents become turbid at a given temperature as the temperature increases and finally separate into two liquid phases. The process is reversible and the system becomes homogeneous again upon cooling. The temperature at which the solution becomes clear upon cooling is determined as the "cloud point". This temperature is characteristic for a particular surfactant. This temperature increases with the amount of ethylene oxide chemically combined in the surfactant molecule for a given composition of solvents. This phenomenon is not limited to ethoxylated surfactants and the cloud point can be determined also for other non-ionic compounds. The knowledge of the cloud point of non-ionic surfactants obtained by the reaction of ethylene oxide with hydrophobic bases is important for their use. For a given base molecule, the cloud point is indeed a simple measure of the amount of the combined ethylene oxide. Moreover, the cloud point suggests directly the temperature at which many functional surfactant properties change dramatically. The curve of cloud point versus degree of ethoxylation is asymptotic; therefore molecules containing high amounts of ethylene oxide show only small differences in their cloud point. In these cases the cloud point loses its significance.
3 Terms and Definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 862:1995 and the following apply. 3.1 cloud temperature temperature above which aqueous solutions of certain non-ionic surface active agents become heterogeneous by the separation into two liquid phases (coacervation) [EN ISO 862:1995] NOTE 1 The value of the cloud temperature depends on the concentration of the solution. NOTE 2 The temperature at which the system become
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Die Norm EN 1890:2006 bietet präzise Methoden zur Bestimmung des Wolkenpunktes von Lösungen nichtionischer Tenside, die durch die Reaktion von Ethylenoxid mit einem hydrophoben Basismolekül gewonnen werden. Diese Dokumentation hat einen klaren Anwendungsbereich, der sich hauptsächlich auf Tenside bezieht, die durch die Reaktion von Ethylenoxid mit hydrophoben Basismolekülen wie Fettsäuren, Fetalkoholen und fetthaltigen Aminen hergestellt werden. Diese speziellen Tenside sind aufgrund ihrer hervorragenden Eigenschaften weit verbreitet und finden in verschiedenen Industrien Anwendung. Ein herausragendes Merkmal der EN 1890:2006 ist die Möglichkeit, den Wolkenpunkt nichtionischer Tenside zuverlässig zu bestimmen. Dies ist besonders wichtig, da der Wolkenpunkt einen direkten Einfluss auf die Leistung und Stabilität von Tensidformulierungen hat. Die klar definierten Methoden in diesem Standard gewährleisten konsistente und reproduzierbare Ergebnisse, was für die industrielle Anwendung von großer Bedeutung ist. Zudem adressiert die Norm die Herausforderungen, die bei der Bestimmung des Wolkenpunktes von anderen nichtionischen Tensiden mit unterschiedlichen strukturellen Einheiten, wie Blockcopolymeren aus Propylenoxid und Ethylenoxid, auftreten können. Diese spezifische Erwähnung zeigt die Breite des Erfahrungswissens und der Expertise, die in die Norm eingeflossen sind. Die Relevanz der EN 1890:2006 erstreckt sich über mehrere Sektoren, in denen nichtionische Tenside unverzichtbar sind, insbesondere in der Chemie- und Reinigungsindustrie. Durch die Bereitstellung standardisierter Methoden unterstützt diese Norm Unternehmen dabei, die Qualität ihrer Produkte sicherzustellen und damit auch den Anforderungen und Erwartungen ihrer Kunden gerecht zu werden. Die Norm fördert somit nicht nur die Produktsicherheit und -effizienz, sondern trägt auch zur Einhaltung gesetzlicher Vorgaben in der Branche bei. Insgesamt stellt die EN 1890:2006 eine wesentliche Ressource für die Bestimmung des Wolkenpunktes von nichtionischen Tensiden dar und hebt sich durch ihre klaren Vorgaben, ihre Anwendungstauglichkeit und ihre bedeutende Rolle in der Industrie hervor.
標準文書EN 1890:2006は、エチレンオキサイドと疎水性基分子の反応により得られた非イオン界面活性剤の雲点を測定する方法を定めています。この文書は、脂肪アルコールや脂肪酸、長鎖アルキルフェノール、脂肪アミン、糖類誘導体の脂肪酸エステルなど、多くのエトキシル化された非イオン界面活性剤に適用されます。これらの界面活性剤は、一般的に最も広く使用されているため、分野における関連性が高いです。 標準の強みは、特に疎水性基分子との反応によって生成される非イオン界面活性剤の雲点を明確に測定できる点にあります。雲点の測定は、界面活性剤の挙動を理解する上で重要であり、製品の性能評価や品質管理に貢献します。また、標準は、エチレンオキサイドと異なる構造ユニットを含む他の非イオン界面活性剤についても考慮し、特有の挙動を認識しているため、結果の解釈において柔軟性を持たせています。 全体として、EN 1890:2006は、製造業、化学業界、分析研究所における非イオン界面活性剤の品質確認に不可欠な指針を提供するものであり、そのパフォーマンス評価に対する信頼性を高める重要な標準となっています。
The EN 1890:2006 standard provides a comprehensive framework for the determination of the cloud point of non-ionic surface active agents derived from the condensation of ethylene oxide with various hydrophobic base molecules. The document is critical in establishing reliable methods that are pivotal for industries utilizing these surfactants, which are widely recognized for their effectiveness and versatility. One of the key strengths of this standard is its focused applicability to non-ionic surfactants that are a result of ethylene oxide reactions with various hydrophobic compounds, including fatty alcohols, fatty acids, and long-chain alkylphenols. This specificity ensures that the standard is highly relevant to the manufacturing processes and quality control of the most commonly used ethoxylated surfactants in industrial applications. Furthermore, the EN 1890:2006 standard addresses the complexities that arise with non-ionic surfactants that contain additional structural units like propylene oxide-ethylene oxide block copolymers. By acknowledging the distinctive behaviors of such compounds, the standard provides insights into the challenges faced during cloud point determination, thereby reinforcing its relevance in a diverse range of formulations. In summary, the EN 1890:2006 standard is essential for professionals in the surfactant industry, offering standardized protocols for cloud point determination that enhance product consistency and performance. Its scope and thoroughness make it a vital tool for ensuring that non-ionic surface active agents meet the required specifications for functionality and quality in various applications.
Le document SIST EN 1890:2006 offre une approche méthodique pour la détermination du point nuageux des agents tensioactifs non ioniques, obtenus par condensation d'oxyde d'éthylène. En précisant des méthodes claires et standardisées, cette norme joue un rôle crucial dans le secteur des tensioactifs, particulièrement ceux issus de la réaction d'oxyde d'éthylène avec des molécules de base hydrophobes. La portée de cette norme est significative, car elle s'applique principalement aux tensioactifs les plus couramment utilisés, notamment les alcool gras, les acides gras, les alkylphénols à longues chaînes, les amines grasses et les esters d'acides gras dérivés de sucres. Cela assure une pertinence accrue pour de nombreux secteurs industriels où ces types de surfactants sont employés. Un des points forts de cette norme est son approche systématique qui permet de surmonter les défis liés à la mesure du point nuageux. En effet, la distinction des comportements des tensioactifs non ioniques contenant d'autres unités structurales, tels que les copolymères de bloc oxyde de propylène-oxyde d'éthylène, est essentielle. L’attention portée à la complexité de leurs comportements thermiques souligne la précision et l’importance de suivre les protocoles décrits dans la norme. L'application des méthodes définies dans le SIST EN 1890:2006 garantit que les résultats de la détermination du point nuageux sont fiables et comparables, ce qui favorise l'harmonisation et la qualité des produits dans l’industrie chimique. Par conséquent, la norme se révèle non seulement pertinente mais indispensable pour l'optimisation des formulations utilisant des agents tensioactifs non ioniques.
표준 EN 1890:2006은 비이온 계면활성제의 구름점(cloud point) 결정 방법을 규정하고 있습니다. 이 표준의 주요 범위는 에틸렌 옥사이드(ethylene oxide)와 소수성 기저 분자의 반응을 통해 얻어진 비이온 계면활성제의 구름점을 측정하는 데 초점을 맞추고 있습니다. 특히 지방 알코올, 지방산, 장쇄 알킬페놀, 지방 아민 및 당 유도체의 지방산 에스터와 같은 구조적 단위로부터 유래한 계면활성제에 적용됩니다. 이는 현재 가장 널리 사용되는 비이온 계면활성제의 특성을 반영하고 있습니다. 이 표준의 강점은 명확한 방법론을 통해 비이온 계면활성제의 구름점을 정확히 결정할 수 있다는 것입니다. 구름점의 측정은 제품의 온도 안정성 및 응용 분야에서의 성능을 이해하는 데 필수적입니다. 또한, 이 문서는 에틸렌 옥사이드와 소수성 기저 분자간의 반응으로 형성된 비이온 계면활성제의 동작을 체계적으로 규명하여, 화학 산업에서의 활용도를 높이고 있습니다. 하지만, 문서에서는 다른 구조적 단위(예: 프로필렌 옥사이드-에틸렌 옥사이드 블록 공중합체)가 포함된 비이온 계면활성제의 경우 구름점 결정이 더 복잡해질 수 있음을 주의사항으로 언급하고 있습니다. 이는 특정한 온도 범위에서 서서히 탁도가 발생하거나, 상이한 온도에서 두 개의 구름점이 발생하는 특성을 나타납니다. 따라서, 이 표준은 이와 같은 경우를 고려하여 다소 복잡한 상황에서도 신뢰할 수 있는 기준을 제공합니다. SIST EN 1890:2006 문서는 계면활성제의 구름점 테스트에 대한 표준화된 접근 방식을 제공함으로써, 비이온 계면활성제의 품질 및 안전성 관리에 필수적인 도구로 자리잡고 있습니다. 이러한 표준화는 연구개발, 생산 및 품질 보증 과정에서 비이온 계면활성제의 신뢰성을 높이는 데 큰 기여를 합니다.
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