CWA 15756:2007
(Main)Humanitarian mine action (HMA) - Personal protective equipment (PPE) - Test and evaluation
Humanitarian mine action (HMA) - Personal protective equipment (PPE) - Test and evaluation
This document specifies methods for the testing, evaluation, and acceptance of PPE for mine action against anti-personnel blast mines.
Testing for protection against anti-personnel fragmentation mines is excluded.
Only critical, life threatening and vision affecting injuries are addressed.
NOTE It is recognised that hazards from AP fragmentation mines do occur and that it may be desirable to assess this specific requirement as part of a separate process.
Humanitarno protiminsko delovanje (HMA) - Osebna varovalna oprema (PPE) - Preskus in ocena
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2008
Humanitarno protiminsko delovanje (HMA) - Osebna varovalna oprema (PPE) -
Preskus in ocena
Humanitarian mine action (HMA) - Personal protective equipment (PPE) - Test and
evaluation
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CWA 15756:2007
ICS:
13.340.10
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
CEN
CWA 15756
WORKSHOP
December 2007
AGREEMENT
ICS 13.340.10
English version
Humanitarian mine action (HMA) - Personal protective
equipment (PPE) - Test and evaluation
This CEN Workshop Agreement has been drafted and approved by a Workshop of representatives of interested parties, the constitution of
which is indicated in the foreword of this Workshop Agreement.
The formal process followed by the Workshop in the development of this Workshop Agreement has been endorsed by the National
Members of CEN but neither the National Members of CEN nor the CEN Management Centre can be held accountable for the technical
content of this CEN Workshop Agreement or possible conflicts with standards or legislation.
This CEN Workshop Agreement can in no way be held as being an official standard developed by CEN and its Members.
This CEN Workshop Agreement is publicly available as a reference document from the CEN Members National Standard Bodies.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members.
Ref. No.:CWA 15756:2007 D/E/F
Contents Page
Foreword .3
0 Introduction.4
1 Scope.6
2 References.6
3 Definitions.6
4 Background to the database of demining accidents and brief analysis. .6
5 Risks, protection and test scenarios.6
5.1 Background.6
5.2 Protection.7
5.3 Distances.7
5.4 Hazard levels.8
6 Test Methodologies.8
6.1 Background.8
6.2 Ballistic test.9
6.2.1 Background.9
6.2.2 Test parameters.9
6.3 Blast test.9
6.3.1 Background.9
6.3.2 Test equipment.10
6.3.3 Preparation.11
6.4 Ergonomic Suitability test.12
6.4.1 Background.12
6.4.2 Ergonomic assessment by the wearer.13
Annex A Ergonomic suitability test – Exercise, questionnaire and scoring.14
A.1 General.14
A.2 PPE for general examination and ergonomic testing.14
A.3 Examination of PPE.14
A.3.1 Principles.14
A.3.2 Test panels for user trials.14
A.3.3 Preliminary examination of PPE .14
A.3.4 Procedure for size verification.14
A.4 Ergonomic assessment by wearer trial.15
A.4.1 General.15
A.4.2 Calculation of the ergonomic score .15
A.4.3 Interpretation of the ergonomic score .15
A.4.4 Questions, prescribed movements, and scoring.15
A.5 Exercise, questionnaire and scoring.15
A.5.1 General.15
A.5.2 Fit and adjustability.15
A.5.3 Putting on and taking off .16
A.5.4 Standing with arm movements .16
A.5.5 In front of body reach.17
A.5.6 Lying down and getting up.17
A.5.7 Exercising.17
A.5.8 Irritation.18
Bibliography.19
Foreword
This CEN Workshop Agreement has been drafted and approved by a Workshop of representatives of
interested parties on 2006-06-18, the constitution of which was supported by CEN following the public
call for participation made on 2006-06-18.
A list of the individuals and organizations which supported the technical consensus represented by this
CEN Workshop Agreement is available to purchasers from the CEN Management Centre. These
organizations were drawn from the following economic sectors: non governmental organizations,
national authorities and producers and users of demining equipment.
The formal process followed by the Workshop in the development of this CEN Workshop Agreement
has been endorsed by the National Members of CEN but neither the National Members of CEN nor the
CEN Management Centre can be held accountable for the technical content of this CEN Workshop
Agreement or possible conflict with standards or legislation. This CEN Workshop Agreement can in no
way be held as being an official standard developed by CEN and its members.
The final review/endorsement round for this CWA was started on 2007-03-13 and was successfully
closed on 2007-09-22 .The final text of this CWA was submitted to CEN for publication on 2007-10-10.
This CEN Workshop Agreement is publicly available as a reference document from the National
Members of CEN: AENOR, AFNOR, ASRO, BDS, BSI, CSNI, CYS, DIN, DS, ELOT, EVS, IBN, IPQ,
IST, LVS, LST, MSA, MSZT, NEN, NSAI, ON, PKN, SEE, SIS, SIST, SFS, SN, SNV, SUTN and UNI.
Comments or suggestions from the users of this CEN Workshop Agreement are welcome and should
be addressed to the CEN Management Centre.
0 Introduction
0.1 The presence of landmines and other explosive remnants of war represent a serious safety
hazard and a major obstacle to reconstruction and development. Landmine Monitor, 2006, from the
International Committee to Ban Landmines, estimates at least 86 countries in eight areas in the world to
be contaminated. Recent conflicts have added a new generation of threats, which those engaged in
Humanitarian Mine Action have to deal with alongside the more familiar mines and booby traps.
The current methodologies for clearance are varied and include elements such as mechanical ground
preparation, scent detection by animals and the processing of ground by human deminers. This latter
activity is the most common, forming part of the fundamental core of every demining programme.
Globally, the most common approach to ground mine clearance is still the use of manual deminers
covering the ground with the aid of a variety of tools and assets that may include Explosive Detecting
Animals and machines. When animals are used, human assets control the animals and check their
indications. When machines are used, they can assist the process and may sometimes be effective in
reducing the area that must be cleared, but human assets are still used to check their effectiveness and
deal with discovered devices. All currently recognised methods of manual mine clearance involve
people being inside a zone of increased risk at some period of time. Protective equipment issued to
these individuals varies widely, and its proven effectiveness against explosive threats is often uncertain.
The methods currently used to determine appropriate protective equipment are based on NATO
STANAG 2920 (Ballistic Test Method for Personal Armour Materials and Combat Clothing. 31 July
2003) which is designed for ballistic protection against projectiles and is often considered to be
inappropriate for demining activities and the range of threats that can be anticipated – in particular for
AP blast mines with low metal content. For example, IMAS 10.30 (Safety and occupational health -
Personal protective equipment), states: “Such tests for ballistic protection do not realistically replicate
mine effects, but will continue to be used until an accepted alternative is developed as an international
standard".
Some accidental initiation of devices is recognised as being inevitable during demining. Processes,
procedures and good management form the core basis for protection, but personal protective
equipment (PPE) provides the final line of defence against human errors and malfunctions. In many
cases, effective PPE can prevent seriously disabling injuries. Humanitarian principles and the legal
aspects of an employer’s “duty of care” make it essential to limit the injuries that result by the provision
of effective PPE. To achieve this reliably, it is necessary to provide a baseline and clearly defined set of
test and evaluation agreed methodologies.
0.2 The Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council, “Action
against Anti Personnel Landmines: Reinforcing the Contribution of the European Union”, calls for the
establishment of international Specifications and Methodology and their implementation, in close co-
operation with CEN, ISO, and the UN. The CEN BT/WG 126 “Humanitarian Mine Action” delivered the
CEN response to the EC “Mandate to the European Standardisation Bodies on Technologies for
Humanitarian Demining” (M/306), interpreted to cover humanitarian mine action as an action plan in
March 2002. A particular action to identify a PPE standard for deminers was identified and
subsequently confirmed in October 2005.
0.3 With the focus on deminers’ needs, a methodology for testing PPE has been developed. It is
scientifically vigorous, repeatable and with results that give the possibility to compare the performance
of other equipment on the market. It requires a scenario with typical thr
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