EN ISO 11063:2020
(Main)Soil quality - Direct extraction of soil DNA (ISO 11063:2020)
Soil quality - Direct extraction of soil DNA (ISO 11063:2020)
The present document specifies a method for direct extraction of DNA from soil samples to analyse the abundance and composition of microbial communities by various techniques of molecular biology including real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). This method is mainly dedicated to agricultural and forest soils. This method can possibly not be suitable for soils rich in organic matter (e.g. peat soils) or soils heavily polluted with organic pollutants or heavy metals.
The direct extraction of DNA from soil samples provides unique insight into the α- and β-diversity of microbial communities. Next-generation sequencing of amplicons obtained by PCR (polymerase chain reaction) amplification of soil DNA constitutes a promising domain which will in the near future contribute to the development of routine tools to monitor microbial communities in soil environments.
Bodenbeschaffenheit - Direkte Extraktion von DNA aus Bodenproben (ISO 11063:2020)
Dieses Dokument legt ein Verfahren zur direkten Extraktion von DNA aus Bodenproben für die Analyse der Abundanz und Zusammensetzung von mikrobiellen Lebensgemeinschaften mit verschiedenen Methoden der Molekularbiologie einschließlich quantitative Echtzeit PCR (real-time qPCR) fest. Dieses Verfahren ist vorwiegend für landwirtschaftlich genutzte Böden und Waldboden anzuwenden. Es ist möglicherweise nicht anzuwenden für Böden mit hohem organischen Anteil (z. B. Torfböden) oder Böden, die stark mit organischen Verunreinigungen oder Schwermetallen belastet sind.
Die direkte Extraktion von DNA aus Bodenproben bietet einen einzigartigen Einblick in die α und β Diversität von mikrobiellen Lebensgemeinschaften. Next-Generation Sequencing von Amplikons, die durch PCR Amplifikation von Boden-DNA erhalten wurden, stellen einen vielversprechenden Ansatz dar und können in naher Zukunft zur Entwicklung von Routinewerkzeugen beitragen, die die Abschätzung der mikrobiellen Gemeinschaften im Boden ermöglichen.
Qualité du sol - Extraction directe de l'ADN du sol (ISO 11063:2020)
Le présent document spécifie une méthode pour l'extraction directe de l'ADN des échantillons de sol afin d'analyser l'abondance et la composition des communautés microbiennes au moyen de différentes techniques de biologie moléculaire, y compris la PCR quantitative en temps réel (qPCR). Cette méthode est principalement destinée aux sols agricoles et forestiers. Cette méthode peut ne pas être appropriée aux sols riches en matières organiques (par exemple sols de tourbières) ou aux sols très pollués par des polluants organiques ou des métaux lourds.
L'extraction directe de l'ADN des échantillons de sol fournit des informations précieuses sur la diversité α et β des communautés microbiennes. Le séquençage de dernière génération des amplicons obtenus par amplification PCR (amplification en chaîne par polymérase) de l'ADN extrait du sol offre des perspectives prometteuses et pourra contribuer, dans un avenir proche, au développement d'outils de routine permettant de surveiller les communautés microbiennes des sols.
Kakovost tal - Neposredna ekstrakcija DNK iz vzorcev tal (ISO 11063:2020)
General Information
Relations
Overview
EN ISO 11063:2020 - Soil quality: Direct extraction of soil DNA specifies a standardized laboratory method for the direct extraction of DNA from soil to analyse the abundance and composition of microbial communities. Designed primarily for agricultural and forest soils, the method supports downstream molecular biology techniques including real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and next‑generation sequencing (NGS) of PCR amplicons. The standard replaces EN ISO 11063:2013 and refines steps to improve DNA recovery and representativeness of bacterial, archaeal and fungal communities. Note: the procedure may be unsuitable for soils very rich in organic matter (peat) or heavily polluted with organic contaminants or heavy metals.
Key topics and technical requirements
- Sample size and handling
- Direct extraction from 1 g (dry weight equivalent) of soil.
- Follow standard sampling/handling practices (see referenced ISO 18400-206) to preserve microbiological integrity.
- Lysis strategy
- Combined mechanical (bead-beating) and chemical lysis to release DNA from diverse and hard-to-lyse microbes.
- Mechanical lysis duration increased in this edition to improve yield.
- Bead composition and quantities
- Specific bead types and amounts are defined to optimise cell disruption across taxa (changes from the previous edition noted).
- Chemical processing
- Thermal incubation (e.g., 70 °C for 30 min) for chemical lysis.
- Potassium acetate used to precipitate proteins.
- DNA precipitation with ice‑cold isopropanol, wash with 70% ethanol, and final resuspension in sterile water or TE buffer.
- Quality control and quantification
- DNA integrity assessed by agarose gel electrophoresis.
- DNA quantity measured with a fluorometer.
- Validation, storage and reporting
- Procedures for validating extraction performance, storing nucleic acids, and preparing a compliant test report are specified.
Applications and users
- Practical applications
- Microbial community profiling (α- and β-diversity), ecological and agronomic soil health monitoring, impact assessment, and research involving soil microbiomes.
- Supports qPCR, amplicon-based NGS workflows and other molecular assays used for soil monitoring, biodiversity studies and environmental diagnostics.
- Who should use it
- Soil scientists, environmental microbiologists, contract testing laboratories, agricultural and forestry researchers, environmental consultants, and regulatory agencies implementing routine soil microbial monitoring.
Related standards
- ISO 18400-206: Sampling, handling and storage of soil for microbiological assessment (normative reference).
- EN ISO 11063:2020 supersedes EN ISO 11063:2013 - consult Annex A of the standard for detailed differences.
Keywords: EN ISO 11063:2020, soil DNA extraction, soil quality, direct extraction of soil DNA, qPCR, next-generation sequencing, microbial community, soil monitoring.
Frequently Asked Questions
EN ISO 11063:2020 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Soil quality - Direct extraction of soil DNA (ISO 11063:2020)". This standard covers: The present document specifies a method for direct extraction of DNA from soil samples to analyse the abundance and composition of microbial communities by various techniques of molecular biology including real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). This method is mainly dedicated to agricultural and forest soils. This method can possibly not be suitable for soils rich in organic matter (e.g. peat soils) or soils heavily polluted with organic pollutants or heavy metals. The direct extraction of DNA from soil samples provides unique insight into the α- and β-diversity of microbial communities. Next-generation sequencing of amplicons obtained by PCR (polymerase chain reaction) amplification of soil DNA constitutes a promising domain which will in the near future contribute to the development of routine tools to monitor microbial communities in soil environments.
The present document specifies a method for direct extraction of DNA from soil samples to analyse the abundance and composition of microbial communities by various techniques of molecular biology including real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). This method is mainly dedicated to agricultural and forest soils. This method can possibly not be suitable for soils rich in organic matter (e.g. peat soils) or soils heavily polluted with organic pollutants or heavy metals. The direct extraction of DNA from soil samples provides unique insight into the α- and β-diversity of microbial communities. Next-generation sequencing of amplicons obtained by PCR (polymerase chain reaction) amplification of soil DNA constitutes a promising domain which will in the near future contribute to the development of routine tools to monitor microbial communities in soil environments.
EN ISO 11063:2020 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 13.080.30 - Biological properties of soils. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN ISO 11063:2020 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN ISO 11063:2013. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
You can purchase EN ISO 11063:2020 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of CEN standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2020
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 11063:2013
Kakovost tal - Neposredna ekstrakcija DNK iz vzorcev tal (ISO 11063:2020)
Soil quality - Direct extraction of soil DNA (ISO 11063:2020)
Bodenbeschaffenheit - Direkte Extraktion von DNA aus Bodenproben (ISO 11063:2020)
Qualité du sol - Extraction directe de l'ADN du sol (ISO 11063:2020)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 11063:2020
ICS:
13.080.30 Biološke lastnosti tal Biological properties of soils
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN ISO 11063
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
October 2020
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.080.30 Supersedes EN ISO 11063:2013
English Version
Soil quality - Direct extraction of soil DNA (ISO
11063:2020)
Qualité du sol - Extraction directe de l'ADN du sol (ISO Bodenbeschaffenheit - Direkte Extraktion von DNA aus
11063:2020) Bodenproben (ISO 11063:2020)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 September 2020.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 11063:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 11063:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 190 "Soil
quality" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 444 “Environmental characterization of
solid matrices” the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2021, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by April 2021.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 11063:2013.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 11063:2020 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 11063:2020 without any modification.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 11063
Second edition
2020-09
Soil quality — Direct extraction of
soil DNA
Qualité du sol — Extraction directe de l'ADN du sol
Reference number
ISO 11063:2020(E)
©
ISO 2020
ISO 11063:2020(E)
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
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Email: copyright@iso.org
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
ISO 11063:2020(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 1
5 Test materials . 2
5.1 Soil . 2
5.2 Chemicals . 2
5.3 Buffers and reagents . 3
6 Apparatus . 4
7 Procedures . 4
7.1 Preparation of soil samples . 4
7.2 Mechanical and chemical lyses . 4
7.3 Protein precipitation . 4
7.4 Nucleic acid precipitation and washing . 4
7.5 Nucleic acid storage . 5
8 Estimation of soil DNA quality and quantity . 5
8.1 Soil DNA quality and purity . 5
8.2 Soil DNA quantity . 5
9 Validation of the extraction procedure . 5
10 Test report . 6
Annex A (informative) Differences between ISO 11063:2012 and the revised document for
direct extraction of DNA from soil samples . 7
Annex B (informative) Possible methods to purify soil DNA extracts . 8
Bibliography . 9
ISO 11063:2020(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical committee ISO/TC 190/SC 4, Soil quality, Subcommittee SC 4
Biological characterization
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 11063:2012), which has been technically
revised. The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows (see details in Annex A):
— the amount of soil used (1 g instead of 0,25 g dry mass equivalent);
— the nature and amount of beads (2,5 g of ceramic beads, 2 g of 0,1 mm silica beads and 4 glass beads
instead of 0,5 g of 106 µm glass beads and 2 glass beads);
— the duration of the mechanical lysis (90 s instead of 30 s);
— the salt used to precipitate the proteins (potassium acetate instead of sodium acetate).
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
ISO 11063:2020(E)
Introduction
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is an essential component of any living organism coding for enzymes
responsible for any biological activities. The study of DNA sequences from DNA sources extracted from
different matrices, by means of numerous molecular approaches, provides molecular markers that can
be used to sharply distinguish and identify different organisms (bacteria, archaea and eucaryotes).
Up to now, most of the studies aiming to develop microbial soil quality indicators applicable to complex
environments, such as soil, were biased by the unculturability of many microorganisms and the lack of
[1]
sensitivity of traditional microbiological methods. The recent development of numerous molecular
biology methods based primarily on amplification of soil-extracted nucleic acids have provided a
pertinent alternative to classical culture-based microbiological methods, providing unique insight into
[2],[3],[4],[5],[6]
the composition, richness, and structure of microbial communities. DNA-based approaches
are now well-established in soil ecology and serve as genotypic (molecular genetic) markers for
determining microbial diversity.
The results of molecular analyses of soil microbial communities and/or populations rely on two main
parameters:
a) the extraction of DNA representative of the indigenous bacterial community composition;
b) PCR bias, such as the choice of primers, the concentration of amplified DNA, errors in the PCR, or
[4],[7],[8],[9]
even the method chosen for analysis. Recently, numerous studies have investigated new
[10]
methods to improve extraction, purification, amplification, and quantification of DNA from soils .
The first edition (ISO 11063:2012) described the procedure used to extract DNA directly from soil
samples suitable for the study of the composition of microbial community by both quantitative (q-PCR)
[11]
and qualitative (A-RISA) approaches .
[12]
The aim of this document is to describe a new method recently reported derived from the first
edition procedure to analyse the diversity of soil microorganisms by next-generation sequencing of
ribosomal amplicons generated by polymerase chain reactions (PCR) using soil DNA as template. This
new method was shown to increase the DNA recovery and to better represents the abundance and the
[12]
structure of archaeal and fungal communities as compared to the original method .
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11063:2020(E)
Soil quality — Direct extraction of soil DNA
1 Scope
The present document specifies a method for direct extraction of DNA from soil samples to analyse
the abundance and composition of microbial communities by various techniques of molecular biology
including real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). This method is mainly dedicated to agricultural and forest
soils. This method can possibly not be suitable for soils rich in organic matter (e.g. peat soils) or soils
heavily polluted with organic pollutants or heavy metals.
The direct extraction of DNA from soil samples provides unique insight into the α- and β-diversity
of microbial communities. Next-generation sequencing of amplicons obtained by PCR (polymerase
chain reaction) amplification of soil DNA constitutes a promising domain which will in the near future
contribute to the development of routine tools to monitor microbial communities in soil environments.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 18400-206, Soil quality — Sampling — Part 206: Collection, handling and storage of soil under aerobic
conditions for the assessment of microbiological processes, biomass and diversity in the laboratory
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: avai
...
The EN ISO 11063:2020 standard offers a comprehensive methodology for the direct extraction of soil DNA, specifically tailored for the evaluation of microbial community structures in agricultural and forest soils. This document delineates a clear scope that is invaluable for researchers and practitioners in soil science, providing standardized procedures to analyze microbial abundance and diversity through advanced molecular biology techniques such as real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). One of the significant strengths of this standard is its focus on reliability and reproducibility in extracting soil DNA, which is crucial for obtaining accurate results in microbial community analysis. By emphasizing robust extraction methods, EN ISO 11063:2020 caters to the increasing necessity for precise monitoring of soil health and microbial interactions, which are paramount for sustainable agricultural practices. The relevance of this standard is underscored by the growing interest in understanding microbial ecology. The ability to directly extract DNA and assess the α- and β-diversity of microbial populations provides researchers with tools to better understand soil ecosystems. Furthermore, the potential applications in next-generation sequencing of amplicons derived from soil DNA make this standard particularly forward-thinking, paving the way for routine assessments of microbial communities that could revolutionize soil management practices. However, it is essential to note the limitations specified in the standard, particularly regarding the applicability to soils rich in organic matter or heavily contaminated soils. This critical consideration ensures that users are aware of the contexts in which the standard may not yield reliable data, promoting responsible use and interpretation of results. Overall, EN ISO 11063:2020 stands as a significant contribution to the field of soil quality assessment, equipping professionals with the necessary framework to leverage molecular techniques in studying soil microbial diversity effectively. The standard reinforces the understanding of soil health by advancing methodologies that can lead to improved agricultural productivity and environmental stewardship.
SIST EN ISO 11063:2020は、土壌サンプルからのDNAの直接抽出方法を規定しており、微生物群集の豊富さと組成を分子生物学のさまざまな技術を用いて分析するための基準です。この標準は主に農業および森林土壌に焦点を当てており、特にDNAの直接抽出が持つ各種の利点により、微生物群集のα-およびβ-多様性に関する独特の洞察を提供します。 この標準の強みは、リアルタイム定量PCR（qPCR）などの先進的な技術を活用することで、分析の精度と信頼性を高めることができる点です。次世代シーケンシング技術を用いたPCR産物の分析は、Microbial communitiesをモニタリングするためのルーチンツールの開発に寄与する可能性があり、土壌環境における微生物群集の理解を深める重要な手段となります。 ただし、この方法は有機物が豊富な土壌（例：ピート土壌）や有機汚染物質や重金属で重度に汚染された土壌には適さない可能性があるため、その適用範囲には注意が必要です。この制限により、特定の土壌条件下では他の方法が必要になる場合も考慮する必要があります。 全体として、SIST EN ISO 11063:2020は、土壌のDNA直接抽出に関する重要な基準であり、微生物群集の研究や監視において非常に関連性の高い標準です。土壌品質を測定し、持続可能な農業と環境保全のための基盤を提供する役割を果たします。
La norme EN ISO 11063:2020, intitulée "Qualité des sols - Extraction directe de l'ADN des sols", propose une méthode précise pour l'extraction directe de l'ADN à partir d'échantillons de sol. Ce processus est crucial pour analyser l'abondance et la composition des communautés microbiennes par divers techniques de biologie moléculaire, notamment la PCR quantitative en temps réel (qPCR). Son champ d'application est essentiellement dédié aux sols agricoles et forestiers, ce qui souligne son importance dans la gestion et la conservation des écosystèmes. L'un des points forts de cette norme est qu'elle permet d'acquérir des connaissances uniques sur la diversité α et β des communautés microbiennes présentes dans les sols. En effet, l'extraction directe de l'ADN offre une approche novatrice pour étudier la biodiversité microbienne, fournissant des données précieuses qui peuvent enrichir les recherches agroécologiques et environnementales. De plus, la norme met en avant le potentiel de séquençage de nouvelle génération des amplicons obtenus grâce à l'amplification de l'ADN de sol par PCR. Ce domaine émergent pourrait transformer la manière dont nous surveillons les communautés microbiennes dans les environnements pédologiques, ouvrant la voie à des outils de routine pour une évaluation continue de la qualité des sols. Cependant, il est important de noter que la méthode d'extraction directe d'ADN peut ne pas convenir aux sols riches en matière organique, comme les tourbières, ni aux sols fortement pollués par des contaminants organiques ou des métaux lourds. Cette limitation doit être prise en considération lors de l'application de la norme dans des contextes variés. Dans l'ensemble, la norme EN ISO 11063:2020 est un document de référence essentiel pour la recherche en qualité des sols, avec une approche rigoureuse et méthodologique qui répond aux besoins croissants d'analyse des communautés microbiennes et qui est bien adaptée pour les applications dans le secteur agricole et forestier.
Die Norm EN ISO 11063:2020 ist von großer Bedeutung für die Untersuchung der Bodenqualität, insbesondere durch die direkte Extraktion von DNA aus Bodenproben. Sie legt ein standardisiertes Verfahren fest, das die Analyse der Häufigkeit und Zusammensetzung von mikrobiellen Gemeinschaften mithilfe verschiedener molekularbiologischer Techniken, darunter die Echtzeit-quantitative PCR (qPCR), ermöglicht. Diese Methodik ist speziell auf landwirtschaftliche und forstliche Böden ausgerichtet, was ihren praktischen Nutzen in diesen Bereichen unterstreicht. Ein wesentlicher Vorteil dieser Norm ist die Möglichkeit, Einblicke in die α- und β-Diversität der mikrobiellen Gemeinschaften zu gewinnen. Die direkte DNA-Extraktion ermöglicht eine präzisere Charakterisierung der mikrobiologischen Zusammensetzung, was für das Verständnis der Bodengesundheit und der ökologischen Funktionen von entscheidender Bedeutung ist. Die Verwendung von Next-Generation-Sequencing-Techniken für die Analyse der PCR-Amplifikate eröffnet neue Perspektiven für die Überwachung und das Monitoring von mikrobiellem Leben im Boden, sodass in naher Zukunft routinemäßige Werkzeuge zur Verfügung stehen könnten. Es ist jedoch zu beachten, dass das Verfahren möglicherweise nicht für Böden geeignet ist, die reich an organischer Substanz sind, wie beispielsweise Torfböden oder stark mit organischen Schadstoffen oder Schwermetallen kontaminierte Böden. Diese Einschränkung weist darauf hin, dass die Anwendung der Norm in spezifischen Kontexten sorgfältig geprüft werden muss. Dennoch bleibt die Norm ein bedeutendes Instrument für Forscher und Praktiker im Bereich der Bodenkunde und des ökologischen Monitorings, die ein tiefes Verständnis der mikrobiellen Gemeinschaften und ihrer Rolle im Bodenökosystem anstreben.
SIST EN ISO 11063:2020 표준 문서는 토양 샘플에서 DNA를 직접 추출하는 방법을 규명하여 미생물 군집의 풍부함과 구성을 분석하는 데 필요한 절차를 제공합니다. 이 표준의 주요 범위는 농업 및 산림 토양에 초점을 맞추고 있으며, 다양한 분자 생물학 기법, 특히 실시간 정량적 PCR(qPCR)을 통해 미생물 군집을 분석할 수 있도록 설계되었습니다. 이 표준의 강점은 토양 샘플에서 DNA를 직접 추출함으로써 미생물 군집의 α-다양성과 β-다양성에 대한 독특한 통찰을 제공한다는 것입니다. 이러한 접근 방식은 많은 최근의 생물학적 연구에서 그 중요성이 더욱 부각되고 있으며, 특히 PCR(중합효소 연쇄반응)로 증폭한 DNA의 차세대 시퀀싱은 향후 토양 환경에서 미생물 군집을 모니터링하는 데 필요한 일상적인 도구 개발에 기여할 가능성이 큽니다. 하지만, 이 표준이 다루는 방법은 유기 물질이 풍부한 토양(예: 이탄 토양)이나 유기 오염물질이나 중금속에 심하게 오염된 토양에는 적합하지 않을 수 있다는 점을 고려해야 합니다. 이러한 한계에도 불구하고, SIST EN ISO 11063:2020 표준은 농업 및 산림 연구에서 미생물 군집의 정확한 분석을 위한 필수적인 참고 자료로 자리매김하고 있습니다. 따라서, 이 표준은 현대 농업 및 생물 다양성 연구에 있어서 미생물 군집 분석의 동향을 반영하고 있으며, 실제 적용 가능성과 함께 지속 가능한 토양 관리의 중요한 기반 자료로서의 가치를 지니고 있습니다.
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