FpCEN/TS 17874:2022

Methodology for methane emissions quantification for gas transmission, distribution and storage systems and LNG terminals

This document describes a methodology to identify different types of methane emissions from the gas infrastructure and it explains, step by step, how to quantify each type of emission in a gas transmission, distribution and/or storage system and in an LNG terminal. Gas is considered any product with a high methane content  that is in gaseous form inside the respective gas infrastructure (e.g. natural gas, biogas or mixtures thereof with each other or with hydrogen).
Note of the editors: The inclusion of methane emissions in LNG terminals in the prTS is in clarification with CEN/TC 282. A Mode 4 cooperation has been established by CEN/TC 234 for this purpose.
Methane emission from utilisation, CNG/LNG fuelling stations, biomethane production and upgrading plants and LNG liquefaction and transport are not covered in this document, except if they are inside the covered asset (see Annex I on granularity).
NOTE 1: These principles can also be applied to other parts of the gas value chain.
The document specifies a bottom-up method of quantification of identified methane sources.
This quantification method requires splitting the gas systems into groups of assets, devices and components and indicating categories of emission that can be expected from these groups to determine the emission factors (EF) and the activity factors (AF).
Finally, a general method to calculate the uncertainties associated with the quantified amounts of emitted methane is described.
NOTE 2: Part of the methods of this document are retrieved by an international research program initiated by GERG for DSO.

Abschätzung von Methanemissionen für Gastransportund -verteilnetze

Evaluation des emissions de methane pour les réseaux de transport et de distribution de gaz

Metodologija za vrednotenje emisij metana za sisteme za prenos, distribucijo in skladiščenje ter terminale za utekočinjeni zemeljski plin

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Publication Date: 02-Apr-2024
• ICS: 75.200 - Petroleum products and natural gas handling equipment
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 234 - Gas infrastructure
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 234/WG 14 - Methane emissions
• Current Stage: 5060 - Closure of Vote - Formal Approval
• Start Date: 29-Sep-2022
• Due Date: 11-Feb-2022
• Completion Date: 29-Sep-2022
• Ref Project: kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 17874:2022 - Methodology for methane emissions quantification for gas transmission, distribution and storage systems and LNG terminals

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2022
Metodologija za vrednotenje emisij metana za sisteme za prenos, distribucijo in
skladiščenje plina ter terminale za utekočinjeni zemeljski plin
Methodology for methane emissions quantification for gas transmission, distribution and
storage systems and LNG terminals
Abschätzung von Methanemissionen für Gastransportund -verteilnetze
Evaluation des emissions de methane pour les réseaux de transport et de distribution de
gaz
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: FprCEN/TS 17874
ICS:
75.200 Oprema za skladiščenje Petroleum products and
nafte, naftnih proizvodov in natural gas handling
zemeljskega plina equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

FINAL DRAFT
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
FprCEN/TS 17874
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
July 2022
ICS 75.200
English Version
Methodology for methane emissions quantification for gas
transmission, distribution and storage systems and LNG
terminals
Méthodologie pour la quantification des émissions de Abschätzung von Methanemissionen für
méthane relatives aux réseaux de transmission, de Gastransportund -verteilnetze
distribution, aux stockages de gaz, et aux terminaux
GNL
This draft Technical Specification is submitted to CEN members for Vote. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 234.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a Technical Specification. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change
without notice and shall not be referred to as a Technical Specification.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. FprCEN/TS 17874:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

FprCEN/TS 17874:2022 (E)
Content
European foreword . 5
Introduction . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 14
5 Quantification of methane emission sources . 17
5.1 Strategy for quantification of methane emission from a gas system . 17
5.1.1 General. 17
5.1.2 Materiality of emissions considerations . 17
5.1.3 Starting point . 17
5.1.4 Other issues . 21
5.1.5 Building further knowledge of methane emissions . 22
5.2 Emission types for gas systems . 23
5.3 Identification of emission sources. . 24
5.3.1 General. 24
5.3.2 Identification of Emissions Sources for UGS . 26
6 Quantification . 28
6.1 General concept of quantifications . 28
6.2 Determination of Emission Factors (EF) . 30
6.2.1 General. 30
6.2.2 Measurements . 30
6.2.3 EF estimations . 30
6.3 Determination of Activity Factor (AF) . 31
6.4 Quantification of fugitive emissions . 31
6.4.1 Fugitive emissions from permeation . 31
6.4.2 Fugitive emissions due to connections (e.g. flanges, pipe equipment, valves, joints,
seals) . 32
6.5 Quantification of vented emissions . 36
6.5.1 General considerations . 36
6.5.2 Operational emissions . 37
6.6 Emissions from incidents . 41
6.6.1 General. 41
6.6.2 Incidents on an individual basis . 42
6.6.3 Incidents grouping . 42
6.6.4 Emission rate of incidents 𝑸𝑸𝑸𝑸 . 43
6.6.5 Duration of gas escape . 43
6.6.5 Number of Incidents . 44
6.7 Methane emissions from incomplete combustion . 44
6.7.1 General. 44
6.7.2 Measurement . 44
6.7.3 Emissions based on emission factor . 44
7 Methods for detection and/or quantification (Informative) . 46
8 Uncertainty calculations . 55
8.1 Introduction . 55
8.2 Example of uncertainty calculation based on deterministic calculation . 56
Annex A (informative) Permeation coefficients for plastic pipelines . 60
FprCEN/TS 17874:2022 (E)
Annex B (informative) Permeation of plastic pipelines – Influence of the soil temperature
................................................................................................................................................................. 63
Annex C (informative) Approaches to determine emission rates Q_V for underground leaks
................................................................................................................................................................. 65
C.1 Direct measurement of the emission rates . 65
C.2 Determination of soil coefficients and calculation of the emission rate from leak size and
pipeline pressure . 65
Annex D (informative) Fugitive emissions: Approaches to determine leak duration . 67
D.1 Leak duration depending on the monitoring period and the maximum repair time . 67
D.2 Leak duration by verified expert estimations . 67
Annex E (informative) Estimating volume flow rate for aerial leaks for different types of
flow conditions . 68
E.1 General . 68
E.2 Formulas for Subsonic Flow . 69
E.3 Formulas for Supersonic Flow . 70
E.4 Discharge coefficient (see [53]) . 70
Annex F (informative) Technologies for measurements of fugitive emissions on pipelines
................................................................................................................................................................. 71
F.1 General . 71
F.2 Overview of technologies for Measurements on Facilities . 72
F.2.1 General . 72
F.2.2 Method of EN 15446 - Direct Measurement of the Emission Rates . 72
F.3 Guidance for EF estimation . 73
Annex G (informative) Examples uncertainty calculation . 75
G.1 Example 1: . 75
G.2 Example 2 . 76
G.3 Example 3 . 76
Annex H (informative) Terms used to define granularity . 79
Annex I (informative) OGMP 2.0 level and tier description and correspondence . 80
Annex J (informative)  Chapters linked to reporting categories . 83
J.1 Transmission system operator (TSO) . 83
J.2 Underground Gas Storage Operator (UGS) . 88
J.3 LNG Terminal . 92
J.4 Distribution System Operator (DSO). 94
Bibliography . 97

FprCEN/TS 17874:2022 (E)
European foreword
This document (FprCEN/TS 17874:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 234 “Gas
infrastructure”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the Vote on TS.
kSIST-TS Fp
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