CLC/TS 50654-1:2018
(Main)HVDC Grid Systems and connected Converter Stations - Guideline and Parameter Lists for Functional Specifications - Part 1: Guidelines
HVDC Grid Systems and connected Converter Stations - Guideline and Parameter Lists for Functional Specifications - Part 1: Guidelines
1.1 General These Guidelines and Parameter Lists to Functional Specifications describe specific functional requirements for HVDC Grid Systems. The terminology "HVDC Grid Systems" is used here describing HVDC systems for power transmission having more than two converter stations connected to a common d.c. circuit. While this document focuses on requirements, that are specific for HVDC Grid Systems, some requirements are considered applicable to all HVDC systems in general, i.e. including point-to-point HVDC systems. Existing IEC, Cigré or other documents relevant have been used for reference as far as possible. Corresponding to electric power transmission applications, this document is applicable to high voltage systems, i.e. .only nominal d.c. voltages equal or higher than 50 kV with respect to earth are considered in this document. NOTE While the physical principles of d.c. networks are basically voltage independent, the technical options for designing equipment get much wider with lower d.c. voltage levels, e.g. in case of converters or switchgear. Both parts have the same outline and headlines to aid the reader. 1.2 About the Present Release The present release of the Guidelines and Parameter Lists for Functional Specifications describes technical guidelines and specifications for HVDC Grid Systems which are characterized by having exactly one single connection between two converter stations, often referred to as radial systems. When developing the requirements for radial systems, care is taken not to build up potential show-stoppers for meshed systems. Meshed HVDC Grid Systems can be included into this specification at a later point in time. The Guidelines and Parameter List to the Functional Specification of HVDC Grid Systems cover technical aspects of - Coordination of HVDC Grid and a.c. Systems - HVDC Grid System Characteristics - HVDC Grid System Control - HVDC Grid System Protection - Models and Validation - Beyond the present scope, the following aspects are proposed for future work: - AC/DC converter stations - HVDC Grid System Equipment - HVDC Grid System Integration Tests
Hochspannungsgleichstrom-Netzsysteme - Leitfaden und Parameter-Listen für funktionale Spezifikationen - Teil 1: Leitfaden
Réseaux CCHT et stations de conversion connectées - Lignes directrices et listes de paramètres pour les spécifications fonctionnelles - Partie 1: Lignes directrices
Sistemi visokonapetostnega enosmernega omrežja in priključene pretvorniške postaje - Smernice in seznam parametrov za funkcijsko specifikacijo - 1. del: Smernice
Te smernice za funkcionalne specifikacije opisujejo določene funkcionalne zahteve za sisteme omrežja HVDC. Terminologija »sistemi omrežja HVDC« se tu uporablja za opis sistemov HVDC za prenos električne energije, ki imajo več kot dve pretvorniški postaji priključeni na običajen enosmerni tokokrog.
Čeprav se ta dokument osredotoča na zahteve, ki so značilne za sisteme omrežja HVDC, nekatere zahteve veljajo za vse sisteme HVDC na splošno, vključno s sistemi HVDC od točke do točke. Kot referenca so bili po možnosti uporabljeni obstoječe specifikacije, dokumenti Cigré ali drugi ustrezni dokumenti.
Ustrezno z aplikacijami prenosa električne energije se ta dokument uporablja za visokonapetostne sisteme, torej so v tem dokumentu upoštevane zgolj nazivne enosmerne napetosti, ki so enake ali višje od 50 kV glede na zemljo.
Opomba: Čeprav so po fizikalnih načelih omrežja enosmernega toka načeloma neodvisna od napetosti, so tehnične možnosti oblikovanja opreme večje pri nizkih ravneh napetosti enosmernega toka, npr. pri pretvornikih ali stikalnih napravah.
Ta 1. del bo treba prebrati v povezavi z 2. delom »Seznama parametrov«, za katere se vzporedno zažene predlog za nove delovne postavke.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TS CLC/TS 50654-1:2018
01-maj-2018
6LVWHPLYLVRNRQDSHWRVWQHJDHQRVPHUQHJDRPUHåMDLQSULNOMXþHQHSUHWYRUQLãNH
SRVWDMH6PHUQLFHLQVH]QDPSDUDPHWURY]DIXQNFLMVNRVSHFLILNDFLMRGHO
6PHUQLFH
HVDC Grid Systems and connected Converter Stations - Guideline and Parameter Lists
for Functional Specifications - Part 1: GuidelinesTa slovenski standard je istoveten z: CLC/TS 50654-1:2018
ICS:
29.240.01 2PUHåMD]DSUHQRVLQ Power transmission and
GLVWULEXFLMRHOHNWULþQHHQHUJLMH distribution networks in
QDVSORãQR general
SIST-TS CLC/TS 50654-1:2018 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST-TS CLC/TS 50654-1:2018
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION CLC/TS 50654-1
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
March 2018
ICS 29.240.01
English Version
HVDC Grid Systems and connected Converter Stations -
Guideline and Parameter Lists for Functional Specifications -
Part 1: Guidelines
Réseaux CCHT et stations de conversion connectées - Hochspannungsgleichstrom-Netzsysteme - Leitfaden und
Lignes directrices et listes de paramètres pour les Parameter-Listen für funktionale Spezifikationen - Teil 1:
spécifications fonctionnelles - Partie 1: Lignes directrices LeitfadenThis Technical Specification was approved by CENELEC on 2018-01-22.
CENELEC members are required to announce the existence of this TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the TS available promptly
at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2018 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
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Contents Page
European foreword ............................................................................................................................................. 5
Introduction ......................................................................................................................................................... 6
1 Scope ..................................................................................................................................................... 7
1.1 General .................................................................................................................................................. 7
1.2 About the Present Release .................................................................................................................... 7
2 Normative references ............................................................................................................................. 7
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations ..................................................................................................... 8
3.1 Terms and definitions ............................................................................................................................. 8
3.2 Abbreviations ....................................................................................................................................... 10
4 Coordination of HVDC Grid System and AC Systems ........................................................................ 10
4.1 Purpose of the HVDC Grid System and Power Network Diagram ...................................................... 10
4.2 Hybrid AC/DC Power Flow Optimization ............................................................................................. 11
4.3 Basic Operation Functions – Converter Normal Operation State ........................................................ 12
4.3.1 General ................................................................................................................................................ 12
4.3.2 AC System Frequency by a Frequency / Power Droop ....................................................................... 12
4.3.3 DC Voltage / DC Power Droop ............................................................................................................ 13
4.4 Basic Operation Functions – Converter Abnormal Operation State .................................................... 14
4.4.1 General ................................................................................................................................................ 14
4.4.2 Network Conditions and Power Flow Requirements ........................................................................... 14
4.4.3 Abnormal AC Voltage Conditions ........................................................................................................ 14
4.5 Ancillary Services ................................................................................................................................. 15
4.5.1 General ................................................................................................................................................ 15
4.5.2 Frequency Control Related Services ................................................................................................... 15
4.5.3 AC Voltage Control Related Services .................................................................................................. 17
4.5.4 Power Oscillation Damping Services ................................................................................................... 18
4.5.5 System Restoration Services ............................................................................................................... 18
5 HVDC Grid System Characteristics ..................................................................................................... 18
5.1 HVDC Circuit Topologies ..................................................................................................................... 18
5.1.1 Basic Characteristics and Nomenclature ............................................................................................. 18
5.1.2 Attributes of HVDC Grid Systems or HVDC Grid Sub-Systems .......................................................... 23
5.1.3 Attributes of a Converter Station .......................................................................................................... 24
5.2 Grid Operating States .......................................................................................................................... 25
5.2.1 Normal State ........................................................................................................................................ 25
5.2.2 Alert State ............................................................................................................................................ 25
5.2.3 Emergency State ................................................................................................................................. 25
5.2.4 Blackout State ...................................................................................................................................... 25
5.2.5 Restoration ........................................................................................................................................... 25
5.3 DC Voltages ......................................................................................................................................... 26
5.3.1 General ................................................................................................................................................ 26
5.3.2 Nominal DC System Voltage ............................................................................................................... 26
5.3.3 Steady-State DC Voltage ..................................................................................................................... 26
5.3.4 Temporary DC Voltage ........................................................................................................................ 26
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5.4 Insulation Coordination ......................................................................................................................... 28
5.5 Short-Circuit Characteristics ................................................................................................................. 28
5.5.1 General Remarks ................................................................................................................................. 28
5.5.2 Calculation of Short-Circuit Currents in HVDC Grid Systems .............................................................. 28
5.5.3 Short Circuit Current Design Requirements ......................................................................................... 29
5.6 Steady-State Voltage and Current Distortions ..................................................................................... 29
6 HVDC Grid System Control .................................................................................................................. 30
6.1 Closed-Loop Control Functions ............................................................................................................ 30
6.1.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 30
6.1.2 Core Control Functions ........................................................................................................................ 30
6.1.3 Coordinating Control Functions ............................................................................................................ 30
6.2 Controller Hierarchy ............................................................................................................................. 30
6.2.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 30
6.2.2 Internal Converter Control .................................................................................................................... 31
6.2.3 DC Node Voltage Control ..................................................................................................................... 32
6.2.4 Coordinated System Control ................................................................................................................ 33
6.2.5 AC/DC Grid Control .............................................................................................................................. 35
6.3 Propagation of Information ................................................................................................................... 36
6.4 Open-Loop Controls ............................................................................................................................. 37
6.4.1 Operating Sequences for Grid Installations ......................................................................................... 37
6.4.2 Operating Sequences for the Return Path ........................................................................................... 38
6.4.3 Recovery .............................................................................................................................................. 38
7 HVDC Grid System Protection ............................................................................................................. 39
7.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 39
7.2 DC Fault Separation ............................................................................................................................. 40
7.3 Protection System Related Installations and Equipment ..................................................................... 40
7.3.1 AC/DC Converter Station ..................................................................................................................... 40
7.3.2 HVDC Grid System Topology and Equipment ..................................................................................... 41
7.4 HVDC Grid System Protection Zones .................................................................................................. 41
7.4.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 41
7.4.2 Permanent Stop P ................................................................................................................................ 43
7.4.3 Permanent Stop PQ ............................................................................................................................. 45
7.4.4 Temporary Stop P ................................................................................................................................ 46
7.4.5 Temporary Stop PQ ............................................................................................................................. 48
7.4.6 Continued Operation ............................................................................................................................ 48
7.4.7 Example of a Protection Zone Matrix ................................................................................................... 50
7.5 DC Protection ....................................................................................................................................... 51
7.5.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 51
7.5.2 DC Converter Protections .................................................................................................................... 52
7.5.3 HVDC Grid System Protections ........................................................................................................... 52
7.5.4 HVDC Hub Respective HVDC Node Protections ................................................................................. 53
7.5.5 DC Grid Protection Communication ..................................................................................................... 54
8 AC/DC Converter Stations ................................................................................................................... 54
8.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 54
8.2 AC/DC Converter Station Types .......................................................................................................... 54
9 HVDC Grid System Installations .......................................................................................................... 55
10 Models and Validation .......................................................................................................................... 55
10.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 55
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10.2 HVDC Grid System Studies ................................................................................................................. 56
10.2.1 Type of Studies .................................................................................................................................... 56
10.2.2 Tools and Methods .............................................................................................................................. 57
10.3 Model General Specifications .............................................................................................................. 57
10.3.1 Model Capability .................................................................................................................................. 57
10.3.2 Model Format and Data Type .............................................................................................................. 58
10.3.3 Model Aggregation ............................................................................................................................... 58
10.4 Model Specific Recommendations ...................................................................................................... 59
10.4.1 Load Flow Models ................................................................................................................................ 59
10.4.2 Short-Circuit Models ............................................................................................................................ 59
10.4.3 Protection System Models ................................................................................................................... 59
10.4.4 Insulation Coordination Related Models .............................................................................................. 60
10.4.5 Electromechanical Transient Models ................................................................................................... 60
10.4.6 Electromagnetic Transient Models ...................................................................................................... 61
10.4.7 Power Quality Models .......................................................................................................................... 62
10.5 Model Validation .................................................................................................................................. 62
10.6 Compliance Simulation ........................................................................................................................ 64
10.7 Outputs/Results ................................................................................................................................... 64
10.7.1 Model Data ........................................................................................................................................... 64
10.7.2 Model Documentation .......................................................................................................................... 65
10.7.3 Model Example .................................................................................................................................... 65
10.7.4 Model Compliance Documentation ...................................................................................................... 65
10.7.5 Model Validation Documentation – Model Final Version ..................................................................... 65
10.7.6 Model Guarantee ................................................................................................................................. 66
11 HVDC Grid System Integration Tests .................................................................................................. 66
Bibliography ...................................................................................................................................................... 67
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European foreword
This document (CLC/TS 50654-1:2018) has been prepared by CLC/TC8X/WG 06 “System Aspects of HVDC
Grid”.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
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Introduction
HVDC Grid Systems are a new field of technology. There are very few systems with a small number of
converter stations in operation; some more are in execution or in detailed planning.
The Guidelines and Parameter Lists to Functional Specifications are presented featuring planning,
specification and execution of multi-vendor HVDC Grid Systems in Europe. Being elaborated by a team of
experts from leading manufacturers of HVDC technology, Transmission System Operators (TSO's), Academia
and Institutions in Europe, the present document provides a commonly agreed basis for an open market of
compatible equipment and solutions for HVDC Grid Systems. Executing such systems and gaining operational
experience is seen an important prerequisite for developing corresponding technical standards in the future.
By elaborating this document, special care has been taken to as far as possible describe the requirements in a
technologically independent way. In order to achieve that, a function of interest is described by a
comprehensive set of parameters. The parameters are selected based on a systematic analysis of physical
phenomena relevant to achieve the requested functionality. The physical phenomena are categorized in order
to show the mutual dependence of the individual parameters and ensure completeness of the physical aspects
to be considered. Based on a clearly defined common language describing the functionalities requested,
existing technologies can be applied or new dedicated technical solutions can be developed.
Reflecting the early stage of technology, these Guidelines and Parameter Lists to Functional Specifications
need comprehensive explanations and background information for the technical parameters. This dual
character of the content will be represented by two corresponding parts:• Part I “Guidelines” containing the explanations and the background information in context with the
Parameter Lists.• Part II “Parameter Lists” containing the essential lists of parameters and values describing properties of
the a.c. respectively d.c. system (operating conditions) and parameters describing the performance of the
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1 Scope
1.1 General
These Guidelines and Parameter Lists to Functional Specifications describe specific functional requirements
for HVDC Grid Systems. The terminology “HVDC Grid Systems” is used here describing HVDC systems for
power transmission having more than two converter stations connected to a common d.c. circuit.
While this document focuses on requirements, that are specific for HVDC Grid Systems, some requirements
are considered applicable to all HVDC systems in general, i.e. including point-to-point HVDC systems. Existing
IEC, Cigré or other documents relevant have been used for reference as far as possible.
Corresponding to electric power transmission applications, this document is applicable to high voltage
systems, i.e. .only nominal d.c. voltages equal or higher than 50 kV with respect to earth are considered in this
document.NOTE While the physical principles of d.c. networks are basically voltage independent, the technical options for
designing equipment get much wider with lower d.c. voltage levels, e.g. in case of converters or switchgear.
Both parts have the same outline and headlines to aid the reader.1.2 About the Present Release
The present release of the Guidelines and Parameter Lists for Functional Specifications describes technical
guidelines and specifications for HVDC Grid Systems which are characterized by having exactly one single
connection between two converter stations, often referred to as radial systems. When developing the
requirements for radial systems, care is taken not to build up potential show-stoppers for meshed systems.
Meshed HVDC Grid Systems can be included into this specification at a later point in time.
The Guidelines and Parameter List to the Functional Specification of HVDC Grid Systems cover technical
aspects of• Coordination of HVDC Grid and a.c. Systems
• HVDC Grid System Characteristics
• HVDC Grid System Control
• HVDC Grid System Protection
• Models and Validation
• Beyond the present scope, the following aspects are proposed for future work:
• AC/DC converter stations
• HVDC Grid System Equipment
• HVDC Grid System Integration Tests
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 62747:2014, Terminology for voltage-sourced converters (VSC) for high-voltage direct current (HVDC)
systems (IEC 62747:2014)EN 60909 (all parts), Short-circuit currents in three-phase A.C. systems
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EN 61660-1:1997, Short-circuit currents in d.c. auxiliary installations in power plants and substations — Part 1:
Calculation of short-circuit currents (IEC 61660-1:1997)3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. ISO and IEC maintain
terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1.1
AC/DC converter unit
indivisible operative unit comprising all equipment between the point of connection on the a.c. side and the
point of connection on the d.c. side, essentially one or more converters, together with converter transformers,
control equipment, essential protective and switching devices and auxiliaries, if any, used for conversion
[SOURCE: EN 62747:2014, modified – The definition was neutralised with respect to technology (not only
VSC converters) and uses the terms PoC as defined in the present document]3.1.2
AC/DC converter station
part of an HVDC system which consists of one or more AC/DC converter units including d.c. switchgear, d.c.
fault current controlling devices, if any, installed in a single location together with buildings, reactors, filters,
reactive power supply, control, monitoring, protective, measuring and auxiliary equipment
[SOURCE: EN 62747:2014, modified – The definition was made specific with respect to AC/DC converter
units, differentiating from DC/DC converter units. Furthermore, only the term AC/DC converter station is used
in the present document]3.1.3
point of connection-DC (PoC-DC)
electrical interface point at d.c. voltage
3.1.4
point of connection-AC (PoC-AC)
electrical interface point at a.c. voltage
AC/DC converter
station
a.c. side d.c. side
point of connection point of connection HVDC grid
(PoC-AC) (PoC-DC) system
Figure 1 — Definition of the Point Of Connection-AC and the Point Of Connection-DC at an AC/DC
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3.1.5
DC/DC converter unit
indivisible operative unit comprising all equipment between the points of connection to the HVDC Grid System,
essentially one or more converters, together with converter transformers, if any, control equipment, essential
protective and switching devices and auxiliaries, if any, used for conversion3.1.6
DC/DC converter station
part of an HVDC Grid System which consists of one or more DC/DC converter units including d.c. switchgear,
d.c. fault current controlling devices, if any, installed in a single location together with buildings, reactors,
filters, control, monitoring, protective, measuring and auxiliary equipment3.1.7
HVDC Grid System
high voltage direct current transmission network connecting more than two AC/DC converter stations
transferring energy in the form of high-voltage direct current including related transmission lines, switching
stations, DC/DC converter stations, if any, as well as other equipment and sub-systems needed for operation
3.1.8meshed HVDC Grid System
HVDC Grid System having more than one direct current connection between at least two converter stations
3.1.9DC protection zone
physical part of a HVDC Grid System with a common response to d.c. faults
3.1.10
radial HVDC Grid System
HVDC Grid System having exactly one direct current connection between two arbitrary converter stations
3.1.11rigid bipolar (HVDC) system
bipolar (HVDC) system without Dedicated Return Path or electrodes as illustrated in Figure 2
Note 1 to entry: Monopolar operation is possible by means of bypass switches during a converter pole outage, but not
during an HVDC conductor outage. A sho...
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