EN 50292:2013
(Main)Electrical apparatus for the detection of carbon monoxide in domestic premises, caravans and boats - Guide on the selection, installation, use and maintenance
Electrical apparatus for the detection of carbon monoxide in domestic premises, caravans and boats - Guide on the selection, installation, use and maintenance
This guide provides information on the selection, installation, use and maintenance of apparatus for the detection of carbon monoxide, intended for continuous operation in a fixed installation in domestic premises, caravans and boats. It is the intent of this guide to cover any type of domestic or residential accommodation, including leisure accommodation vehicles such as touring and static caravans, and motor homes; and recreational craft such as canal barges. It should be read in conjunction with EN 50291-1 and EN 50291-2 together with any additional relevant national or local regulations. The guide refers to the installation of two types of apparatus: Type A apparatus - to provide a visual and audible alarm and an executive action in the form of an output signal that can be used to actuate directly or indirectly a ventilation or other ancillary device. Type B apparatus - to provide a visual and audible alarm only. This guide excludes apparatus: • for the detection of combustible gases (see EN 50244); • for industrial installations or commercial premises.
Elektrische Geräte für die Detektion von Kohlenmonoxid in Wohnhäusern, Caravans und Booten - Leitfaden für Auswahl, Installation, Benutzung und Instandhaltung
Appareils électriques pour la détection de monoxyde de carbone dans les locaux à usage domestique, caravanes et bateaux - Guide de sélection, d'installation, d'utilisation et de maintenance
Električni aparati za zaznavanje ogljikovega monoksida v stanovanjskih prostorih, bivalnih prikolicah in čolnih - Navodilo za izbiro, vgradnjo, uporabo in vzdrževanje
Ta evropski standard se uporablja kot vodilo za izbiro, vgradnjo, uporabo in vzdrževanje aparatov za zaznavanje ogljikovega monoksida, ki so namenjeni za neprekinjeno delovanje v inštalacijah, vgrajenih v stanovanjskih prostorih, bivalnih prikolicah in čolnih. Ta navodila zajemajo vse stanovanjske ali bivalne prostore, vključno z bivalnimi počitniškimi vozili, kot so mobilne in statične bivalne prikolice ter avtodomi, in plovili za rekreacijo, kot so izletne ladje. Kadar se statična bivalna prikolica uporablja kot stalno bivališče, se uporablja standard EN 50291-1. Za vse druge vrste bivalnih prikolic se uporablja standard EN 50291-2. Ta navodila je treba brati skupaj s standardoma EN 50291-1 in EN 50291-2 ter vsemi dodatnimi ustreznimi nacionalnimi ali lokalnimi predpisi. Ta evropski standard obravnava vgradnjo dveh tipov naprav: a) naprave tipa A z vizualnim in zvočnim alarmom in izvršilnim ukrepom v obliki izhodnega signala, ki lahko neposredno ali posredno aktivira prezračevanje ali drugo pomožno napravo; b) naprave tipa B s samo vizualnim in zvočnim alarmom. Ta evropski standard ne vključuje naprav za odkrivanje vnetljivih plinov (glej standard EN 50244) ter naprav za uporabo v industrijskih obratih ali poslovnih stavbah.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 50292:2014
01-maj-2014
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 50292:2002
(OHNWULþQLDSDUDWL]D]D]QDYDQMHRJOMLNRYHJDPRQRNVLGDYVWDQRYDQMVNLKSURVWRULK
ELYDOQLKSULNROLFDKLQþROQLK1DYRGLOR]DL]ELURYJUDGQMRXSRUDERLQY]GUåHYDQMH
Electrical apparatus for the detection of carbon monoxide in domestic premises,
caravans and boats - Guide on the selection, installation, use and maintenance
Elektrische Geräte für die Detektion von Kohlenmonoxid in Wohnhäusern - Leitfaden für
Auswahl, Installation, Benutzung und Instandhaltung
Appareils électriques pour la détection de monoxyde de carbone dans les locaux à
usage domestique, caravanes et bateaux - Guide de sélection, d'installation, d'utilisation
et de maintenance
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 50292:2013
ICS:
13.320 Alarmni in opozorilni sistemi Alarm and warning systems
97.030 (OHNWULþQLDSDUDWL]DGRPQD Domestic electrical
VSORãQR appliances in general
SIST EN 50292:2014 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 50292:2014
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SIST EN 50292:2014
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 50292
NORME EUROPÉENNE
August 2013
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.320 Supersedes EN 50292:2001
English version
Electrical apparatus for the detection of carbon monoxide in domestic
premises, caravans and boats -
Guide on the selection, installation, use and maintenance
Appareils électriques pour la détection de Elektrische Geräte für die Detektion von
monoxyde de carbone dans les locaux à Kohlenmonoxid in Wohnhäusern,
usage domestique, Caravans und Booten -
caravanes et bateaux - Leitfaden für Auswahl, Installation,
Guide de sélection, d'installation, Benutzung und Instandhaltung
d'utilisation et de maintenance
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2013-07-15. CENELEC members are bound to
comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and
notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands,
Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels
© 2013 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 50292:2013 E
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Contents Page
Foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Sources of carbon monoxide . 7
4.1 General information . 7
4.2 Normal exposure levels . 7
4.3 Burning of carbonaceous materials for heating and cooking . 7
4.4 Uncontrolled burning . 8
4.5 Tobacco smoking . 8
4.6 Internal combustion engines . 8
4.7 Migration of CO . 8
5 Installation . 8
5.1 General . 8
5.2 Location of the apparatus . 8
5.3 Types of apparatus . 10
6 Executive functions (type A apparatus only) . 11
6.1 General . 11
6.2 Shut-off valve . 11
6.3 Ventilation fan . 11
6.4 Mains electrical switch . 11
6.5 Remote alarm . 11
6.6 Additional visual alarm . 12
6.7 Link between detector and ancillary device . 12
7 Advice to the user . 12
7.1 Use of alarm . 12
7.2 Manufacturer’s instructions . 12
7.3 Location . 12
7.4 Power supply . 12
7.5 Indicators. 12
7.6 Alarms . 13
7.7 Maintenance . 13
7.8 Lifetimes . 13
8 Emergency actions . 13
Annex A (informative) Health effects . 15
A.1 Toxic effects . 15
A.2 Chronic effects on high risk groups . 16
A.3 Normal COHb levels . 17
A.4 Tobacco smoking . 17
Annex B (informative) Philosophy of setting alarm points . 18
Bibliography . 20
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Foreword
This document (EN 50292:2013) has been prepared by CLC/TC 216, "Gas detectors".
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which this document has to be implemented at (dop) 2014-07-15
national level by publication of an identical national standard or
by endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with this (dow) 2016-07-15
document have to be withdrawn
This document supersedes EN 50292:2001.
EN 50292:2013 includes the following significant technical changes with respect to EN 50292:2001 (various
minor changes have also been made).
– Title and definitions are revised to be more general, i.e. to cover domestic premises, boats and caravans.
This is a result of the splitting of EN 50291 into EN 50291-1 and EN 50291-2.
– In 4.3.1 of EN 50292:2001, incorrect terminology "warm air systems" is replaced by "ducted air heaters" (in
4.3.2 of EN 50292:2013).
– In 4.7, a more general title replaces the previous one as CO migration applies not only to multi-occupancy
and multi-storey buildings but also to any premises connected to other premises, such as semi-detached
and terrace premises, where the migration of CO is possible.
– In 5.2.1 and 5.2.2, the use of caravans and boats is included in installation/location information.
– In 5.3, an additional type of apparatus is added, capable of identifying lower concentrations of CO than
would be needed to trigger an alarm. Such features are available in certain products, and may be useful to
some at-risk groups, especially people who have respiratory health issues.
– In 6.2, the text is modified so that triggering a shut-off valve should be on the main gas supply, ideally at
the gas meter/cylinder outlet, so that the entire installation is isolated (and not only individual appliances as
stated in the previous version), as the source may not be that appliance.
– In 6.4, the text is modified to state that it is more important that the gas supply is isolated rather than the
electrical supply. There is no need to make an exception for a gas appliance with an electrical connection.
The carbon monoxide detection apparatus should not be used to operate the mains electrical switch, since
such action may create unnecessary hazard for occupants of the premises.
– A new subclause 7.1 "Use of alarm" is added. It includes the requirement to advise the user that a CO
alarm does not replace the correct installation, commissioning and regular maintenance by a competent
person. This is required in the instruction booklet by EN 50291-1:2010, 4.7.4, item 'n'.
NOTE This was already stated in the introduction to EN 50292 but it is emphasised in the new 7.1.
– In 7.5, text relating to hydrogen interference is added.
– In Clause 8, recommendation to isolate the emergency control valve for gas installations is added.
– In Clause 8, text advising that the Gas Emergency Service Provider should be contacted in the first
instance is added.
– A new Figure A.1 is added, showing CO-concentration and exposure time curves for various COHb levels
including 2,5 % COHb (the protection level recommended by WHO).
– In A.2, text about health effects on vulnerable groups, derived from WHO, is added.
– Figure B.1 is modified to illustrate how alarm set points in EN 50291-1 align with the 2,5 % and 5 % COHb
curves, providing a more practical rationale rather than the previous theoretical one.
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Introduction
This European Standard is intended to be a guide for people who, in the course of their professional activities,
are required to install apparatus for the detection of carbon monoxide (CO) in domestic premises. It is also
aimed at anyone who might supply such detectors to members of the public for subsequent installation
according to national regulations, so that advice may be given based on good engineering practice.
Apparatus for the detection of carbon monoxide are not a substitute for good installation and regular servicing
of fuel burning appliances or regular cleaning of chimneys, although they may provide an added margin of
reassurance for users. Domestic carbon monoxide detectors with or without some form of executive function
may overcome fears of fuel safety and may be particularly beneficial in certain circumstances.
It is necessary to understand that carbon monoxide toxicity may have different consequences according to the
physical condition of the individual. Thus, a carbon monoxide detector designed according to EN 50291 series
may not fully safeguard individuals with specific medical conditions.
Carbon monoxide detectors are not intended to be used as an alternative to a smoke alarm.
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1 Scope
This European Standard serves as a guide on the selection, installation, use and maintenance of apparatus for
the detection of carbon monoxide, intended for continuous operation in a fixed installation in domestic
premises, caravans and boats. This guide is intended to cover any type of domestic or residential
accommodation, including leisure accommodation vehicles such as touring and static caravans, and motor
homes; and recreational craft such as canal barges. Some static caravans are used as permanent dwellings,
in such cases EN 50291-1 is appropriate. For all other types of caravan, EN 50291-2 is appropriate. This guide
should be read in conjunction with EN 50291-1 and EN 50291-2 together with any additional relevant national
or local regulations.
This European Standard refers to the installation of two types of apparatus:
a) Type A apparatus, to provide a visual and audible alarm and an executive action in the form of an output
signal that can be used to actuate directly or indirectly a ventilation or other ancillary device;
b) Type B apparatus, to provide a visual and audible alarm only.
This European Standard excludes apparatus for the detection of combustible gases (see EN 50244) and for
industrial installations or commercial premises.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 1775, Gas supply – Gas pipework for buildings – Maximum operating pressure less than or equal to
5 bar – Functional recommendations
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply:
3.1
domestic premises
any house or building, or part thereof, residential park homes, or non-recreational boats such as canal barges,
being the place of residence or home of a household, family or person
3.2
fixed installation
apparatus which is intended to have all parts except replaceable batteries permanently installed
3.3
sensor
assembly in which the sensing element is housed that may contain associated circuit component
3.4
sensing element
device, the output of which will change in the presence of carbon monoxide
3.5
continuous operation
apparatus that is continuously powered with continuous or intermittent automatic sensing
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3.6
apparatus
carbon monoxide detection device, comprising the sensor, remote sensor if applicable, alarm indicators and
any other circuit components, power supply and, for type A apparatus, a means of providing an output signal
Note 1 to entry: Carbon monoxide detection devices may also be generically termed “gas detectors” or “CO alarms”,
3.7
volume ratio
V/V
ratio of the volume of carbon monoxide to the volume of the gas mixture
Note 1 to entry: Volume ratio (V/V) is often expressed in units of parts per million (ppm); it is commonly referred to
as concentration.
3.8
output signal
signal characterised by a standby and an activation state, by which action may be initiated
Note 1 to entry: In many cases, such action will entail triggering an ancillary device.
3.9
warm-up time
time interval between the time when the apparatus is switched on and the time when the apparatus is fully
operational
3.10
alarm set point
fixed setting of the apparatus that determines the volume ratio and duration of exposure at which the
apparatus will automatically initiate an alarm and, for type A apparatus, an output signal
3.11
fault signal
visual, audible or other type of output indicating a faulty or failed apparatus
3.12
mains-powered apparatus
apparatus designed to be powered by the normal domestic mains electrical supply, with or without an
additional power source
3.13
battery-powered apparatus
apparatus designed to be powered by batteries only
3.14
leisure accommodation vehicle
vehicles including caravans, caravan holiday homes and motor caravans (EN 13878), also known as touring
and static caravans and motor homes
Note 1 to entry: Other motorised vehicles like trucks are known to have residential accommodation. They are not
leisure accommodation vehicles but are considered as similar vehicles in this European Standard.
3.15
recreational craft
boat of a minimum length of 2,5 m and a maximum length of 24 m as specified in Directive 94/25/EC, which is
intended for sports or leisure purposes
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4 Sources of carbon monoxide
4.1 General information
Carbon monoxide is a colourless, odourless, non-irritating gas which is classified as a chemical asphyxiant,
whose toxic action is a direct result of the hypoxia produced by a given exposure (see Annex A and Annex B).
4.2 Normal exposure levels
Carbon monoxide can be generated within the home or enter from outside. The normal average background
levels of carbon monoxide in domestic premises, measured over periods of 1 h to 24 h, are less than 10 ppm.
In cases of climatic inversion, higher levels of carbon monoxide are possible.
4.3 Burning of carbonaceous materials for heating and cooking
4.3.1 General
Most of the carbon monoxide in the environment is produced during combustion of carbonaceous material,
e.g. solid fuels (such as coal, coke and wood), liquid fuels (such as oil and petrol) and gaseous fuels (such as
natural gas, town gas and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)).
It should be noted that town gas is still used in some EU countries and it can contain a significant proportion of
carbon monoxide prior to combustion.
The proportion and constituents of the combustion products from carbonaceous fuels will depend on the
particular fuel and the combustion conditions.
Varying concentrations of carbon monoxide are produced from most combustion processes. Exhaust gases
from burning solid and liquid fuels may contain significant concentrations of carbon monoxide: levels of
20 000 ppm to 50 000 ppm (2 % to 5 %) are not unexpected. For example, burning coal, wood or peat can
produce concentrations of 20 000 ppm, 40 000 ppm and 50 000 ppm respectively. Efficient burning of natural
gas and LPG in well-designed burners in an excess of air will not produce significant flue concentrations of
carbon monoxide, usually in the range 10 ppm to 200 ppm. However, poorly maintained and inefficient burners
can produce considerably higher levels of carbon monoxide.
Flue reversal may occur under certain climatic conditions with appliances using combustion air taken from
within the premises. This is normally a temporary phenomenon that may occur with certain types of appliance,
even when correctly maintained.
4.3.2 Space and water heating
Solid, liquid and gaseous fuels may be used for space and water heating. They are used in a variety of ways,
either as a local heat source or as a remote central heat source, including
– appliance with flue using room air,
– appliance without flue using room air,
– appliance with flue using external air.
In the case of a defective ducted air heater, carbon monoxide can be distributed into remote rooms.
4.3.3 Cooking
Natural gas, town gas or LPG are the main fuels for cooking, typically using flueless appliances including
cooking ranges. In some cases, solid fuels or oil are used in cooking appliances that are generally fitted with
flues.
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It should be emphasised that barbecue grills using charcoal, emit very high amounts of carbon monoxide and
should only be used outdoors and should not be used as air heaters in any leisure accommodation, including
tents.
4.4 Uncontrolled burning
Carbon monoxide is a major gaseous product from fires resulting from uncontrolled burning of carbonaceous
material. Varying concentrations of carbon monoxide are produced, depending on the material, burning
conditions, etc.
4.5 Tobacco smoking
Smoking produces a significant concentration of carbon monoxide.
4.6 Internal combustion engines
A major source of carbon monoxide in the non-industrial environment is the combustion engine. The
concentration of carbon monoxide in exhaust gas is normally in the range 1 % to 3 %
(10 000 ppm to 30 000 ppm) but may reach 7 % (70 000 ppm) in a badly maintained or badly tuned engine.
The exhaust gases from internal combustion engines (vehicles or electricity generators for example) running in
an enclosed space will quickly produce dangerous levels of carbon monoxide.
4.7 Migration of CO
Carbon monoxide produced in one area within an individual dwelling or in connected premises such as semi-
detached and terraced premises, maisonettes, and particularly multi-occupancy and multi-storey buildings, can
be transported to and leak into another part of the building, e.g. across roof spaces, between floors, along
ducting, in shared flues, chimneys and other re-entry points such as air vents.
5 Installation
5.1 General
The manufacturer is required to provide suitable instructions for the correct and safe installation of the
apparatus and to indicate on the apparatus and its packaging that these instructions should be read carefully
before installing or operating the apparatus.
Generally, the same considerations apply to both type A and type B apparatus.
5.2 Location of the apparatus
5.2.1 General
The design and layout of domestic premises, caravans and boats and the number, type and position of carbon
monoxide sources vary widely. General guidance is given in the following clauses on where and where not to
locate the apparatus in order to minimise the risk of misleading indications.
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5.2.2 Which room?
5.2.2.1 General
Ideally, an apparatus should be installed in every room containing a fuel-burning appliance and additional
apparatus should be installed to ensure that adequate warning is given for occupants in other rooms, by
locating apparatus
– in remote rooms in which the occupant(s) spend considerable time whilst awake and from which they may
not be able hear an alarm from apparatus in another part of the premises, and
– in every sleeping room.
If there is a fuel-burning appliance in more than one room and the number of apparatus is limited, the following
points should be considered when deciding where best to position the apparatus:
a) locate the apparatus in a room containing a flueless or open-flued appliance, and
b) locate apparatus in a room where the occupant(s) spend most time.
If the domestic premises are a bedsit (a single room serving as both sitting and bedroom), then the apparatus
should be positioned as far from the cooking appliances as possible but near to where the person sleeps.
If the appliance is in a room not normally frequented (for example a boiler room), the apparatus should be
positioned so that the alarm may be heard more easily. Alternatively, an interlinked apparatus or a remote
alarm siren may be connected to a type A apparatus located in a room(s) containing a fuel-burning appliance.
Where a fuel-burning appliance has an extended and/or concealed flue, an apparatus should be installed in
each room through which the flue passes.
5.2.2.2 Caravans and boats
Caravans and boats may have additional risks of carbon monoxide ingress through air vents due to the nearby
presence of other vehicles, engines, generators or barbecues; however, this does not change the basic
guidance on location of the alarm. Caravans and boats should be fitted with an alarm in the same room as any
combustion appliance(s), located in accordance with 5.2.3.3. If the caravan or boat has a single living space
which incorporates the sleeping accommodation, it can be considered to be equivalent to a bedsit, and a single
alarm is sufficient. However, any sleeping accommodation that is in a separate room from the combustion
appliance(s) should also contain an alarm, located in accordance with 5.2.3.4.
5.2.3 Where in the room?
5.2.3.1 General
It should be possible to view all the light indicators when in the vicinity of the chosen location for the apparatus.
It is not possible to give specific guidance on the exact location of a detector that suits all types of room and
their usage. The guidance in 5.2.3.2, 5.2.3.3, 5.2.3.4 and 5.2.3.5 should be taken into consideration when
determining an optimum location for any appropriate situation.
5.2.3.2 Where not to install the apparatus
The apparatus should not be installed
– in an enclosed space (for example in a cupboard or behind a curtain),
– where it can be obstructed (for example by furniture),
– directly above a sink,
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– next to a door or window,
– next to an extractor fan,
– next to an air vent or other similar ventilation openings,
– in an area where the temperature may drop below -10 °C or exceed 40 °C, unless it is designed to do so,
– where dirt and dust may block the sensor,
– in a damp or humid location, or
– in the immediate vicinity of a cooking appliance.
5.2.3.3 Apparatus located in the same room as a fuel-burning appliance
Although carbon monoxide has a similar density to that of ambient air, it will normally be emitted as part of a
warm gas mixture and will therefore tend to rise until it cools. If the apparatus is located on a wall, it should be
located:
a) close to the ceiling;
b) at a height greater than the height of any door or window.
Where an apparatus is ceiling mounted, it should be at least 300 mm from any wall, and where an apparatus is
wall-mounted, it should be at least 150 mm from the ceiling.
The apparatus should be at a horizontal distance of between 1 m and 3 m from the nearest edge of the
potential source.
If there is a partition in a room, the apparatus should be located on the same side of the partition as the
potential source.
Carbon monoxide alarms in rooms with sloped ceilings should be located at the high side of the room.
5.2.3.4 Apparatus located in sleeping rooms and in rooms remote from a fuel burning appliance
Apparatus located in sleeping rooms and in rooms/areas, e.g. hallways, landings, remote from the fuel-burning
appliance should be located relatively close to the breathing zone of the occupants.
5.2.3.5 Apparatus located in caravans and boats
It is not always possible to find an optimum location for an apparatus, for example, a small caravan or boat
may not have suitable vertical surfaces available. Nevertheless, when fitting an appar
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 50292:2012
01-marec-2012
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 50292:2002
(OHNWULþQLDSDUDWL]D]D]QDYDQMHRJOMLNRYHJDPRQRNVLGDYVWDQRYDQMVNLKSURVWRULK
ELYDOQLKSULNROLFDKLQþROQLK1DYRGLOR]DL]ELURYJUDGQMRXSRUDERLQY]GUåHYDQMH
Electrical apparatus for the detection of carbon monoxide in domestic premises,
caravans and boats - Guide on the selection, installation, use and maintenance
Elektrische Geräte für die Detektion von Kohlenmonoxid in Wohnhäusern - Leitfaden für
Auswahl, Installation, Benutzung und Instandhaltung
Appareils électriques pour la détection de monoxyde de carbone dans les locaux à
usage domestique, caravanes et bateaux - Guide de sélection, d'installation, d'utilisation
et de maintenance
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 50292:2012
ICS:
13.320 Alarmni in opozorilni sistemi Alarm and warning systems
oSIST prEN 50292:2012 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 50292:2012
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oSIST prEN 50292:2012
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 50292
NORME EUROPÉENNE
January 2012
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.320 Will supersede EN 50292:2001
English version
Electrical apparatus for the detection of carbon monoxide
in domestic premises, caravans and boats -
Guide on the selection, installation, use and maintenance
Appareils électriques pour la détection de Elektrische Geräte für die Detektion von
monoxyde de carbone dans les locaux à Kohlenmonoxid in Wohnhäusern -
usage domestique, caravanes et bateaux - Leitfaden für Auswahl, Installation, Benutzung
Guide de sélection, d'installation, d'utilisation und Instandhaltung
et de maintenance
This draft European Standard is submitted to CENELEC members for CENELEC enquiry.
Deadline for CENELEC: 2012-06-15.
It has been drawn up by CLC/TC 216.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national
standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CENELEC in three official versions (English, French, German).
A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own
language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of
which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to
change without notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels
© 2012 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Project: 22969 Ref. No. prEN 50292:2012 E
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1 Contents
2 Foreword . 3
3 Intr oduc tion . 4
4 1 Scope . 5
5 2 Normative references. 5
6 3 Terms and definitions . 5
7 4 Sources of carbon monoxide . 7
8 4.1 General information . 7
9 4.2 Normal exposure levels . 7
10 4.3 Burning of carbonaceous materials for heating and cooking . 7
11 4.4 Uncontrolled burning . 8
12 4.5 Tobacco smoking . 8
13 4.6 Internal combustion engines . 8
14 4.7 Migration of CO from connected premises . 8
15 5 Installation . 8
16 5.1 General . 8
17 5.2 Location of the carbon monoxide detector . 9
18 5.3 Types of apparatus . 11
19 6 Executive functions (type A apparatus only) . 11
20 6.1 General . 11
21 6.2 Shut-off valve . 11
22 6.3 Ventilation fan . 12
23 6.4 Mains electrical switch . 12
24 6.5 Remote alarm . 12
25 6.6 Additional visual alarm . 12
26 6.7 Link between detector and ancillary device . 12
27 7 Advice to the user . 12
28 7.1 Use of alarm . 12
29 7.2 Manufacturer’s instructions . 12
30 7.3 Location . 12
31 7.4 Power supply . 13
32 7.5 Indicators . 13
33 7.6 Alar m s . 13
34 7.7 Maintenance . 13
35 7.8 Lifetimes . 13
36 8 Emergency actions . 14
37 Annex A (informative) Health effects . 15
38 A.1 Toxic effects . 15
39 A.2 Chronic effects on high risk groups . 16
40 A.3 Normal COHb levels . 17
41 A.4 Tobacco smoking . 17
42 Annex B (informative) Philosophy of setting alarm points . 18
43 Bibliography . 20
44
45
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46 Foreword
47 This document prEN 50292:2012 has been prepared by CLC/TC 216, Gas detectors.
48 This document is currently submitted to the Enquiry.
49 This document will supersede EN 50292:2001.
50
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51 Introduction
52 This European Standard is intended to be a guide for people who, in the course of their
53 professional activities, are required to install apparatus for the detection of carbon monoxide
54 (CO) in domestic premises. It is also aimed at anyone who might supply such detectors to
55 members of the public for subsequent installation according to national regulations, so that
56 advice may be given based on good engineering practice.
57 Apparatus for the detection of carbon monoxide are not a substitute for good installation and
58 regular servicing of fuel burning appliances or regular cleaning of chimneys, although they may
59 provide an added margin of reassurance for users. Domestic carbon monoxide detectors with
60 or without some form of executive function may overcome fears of fuel safety and may be
61 particularly beneficial in certain circumstances.
62 It is necessary to understand that carbon monoxide toxicity may have different consequences
63 according to the physical condition of the individual. Thus, a carbon monoxide detector
64 designed according to EN 50291 series may not fully safeguard individuals with specific
65 medical conditions.
66 Carbon monoxide detectors are not intended to be used as an alternative to a smoke alarm.
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67 1 Scope
68 This guide provides information on the selection, installation, use and maintenance of
69 apparatus for the detection of carbon monoxide, intended for continuous operation in a fixed
70 installation in domestic premises, caravans and boats. It is the intent of this guide to cover any
71 type of domestic or residential accommodation, including leisure accommodation vehicles such
72 as touring and static caravans, and motor homes; and recreational craft such as canal barges. It
73 should be read in conjunction with EN 50291-1 and EN 50291-2 together with any additional
74 relevant national or local regulations.
75 The guide refers to the installation of two types of apparatus:
76 Type A apparatus - to provide a visual and audible alarm and an executive action in the form of
77 an output signal that can be used to actuate directly or indirectly a ventilation or other ancillary
78 device.
79 Type B apparatus - to provide a visual and audible alarm only.
80 This guide excludes apparatus:
81 • for the detection of combustible gases (see EN 50244);
82 • for industrial installations or commercial premises.
83 2 Normative references
84 The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For
85 dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of
86 the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
87 EN 50244:2000, Electrical apparatus for the detection of combustible gases in domestic premises –
88 Guide on the selection, installation, use and maintenance
89 EN 50291-1:2010, Electrical apparatus for the detection of carbon monoxide in domestic premises –
90 Part 1: Test methods and performance requirements
91 EN 1775:1998, Gas supply – Gas pipework for buildings – Maximum operating pressure ≤ 5 bar –
92 Functional recommendations
93 3 Terms and definitions
94 For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply:
95 3.1
96 domestic premises
97 any house or building, or part thereof, residential park homes, or non-recreational boats such
98 as canal barges, being the place of residence or home of a household, family or person
99 3.2
100 fixed installation
101 apparatus which is intended to have all parts except replaceable batteries permanently
102 installed
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103 3.3
104 sensor
105 assembly in which the sensing element is housed that may contain associated circuit
106 component
107 3.4
108 sensing element
109 device, the output of which will change in the presence of carbon monoxide
110 3.5
111 continuous operation
112 apparatus which is continuously powered with continuous or intermittent automatic sensing
113 3.6
114 gas detection apparatus
115 apparatus, which may also be generically termed “gas detector”, comprising the sensor, remote
116 sensor if applicable, alarm and any other circuit components, power supply and, for type A
117 apparatus, a means of providing an output signal
118 3.7
119 volume ratio
120 ratio of the volume of carbon monoxide to the volume of the gas mixture
121 NOTE Volume ratio (V/V) is often expressed in units of parts per million (ppm); it is commonly referred to as
122 concentration.
123 3.8
124 output signal
125 signal characterised by a standby and an activation state, by which action may be initiated
126 NOTE In many cases, such action will entail triggering an ancillary device.
127 3.9
128 warm-up time
129 time interval between the time when the apparatus is switched on and the time when the
130 apparatus is fully operational
131 3.10
132 alarm set point
133 fixed setting of the apparatus that determines the volume ratio and duration of exposure at
134 which the apparatus will automatically initiate an alarm and, for type A apparatus, an output
135 signal
136 3.11
137 fault signal
138 visual, audible or other type of output indicating a faulty or failed apparatus
139 3.12
140 mains-powered apparatus
141 apparatus designed to be powered by the normal domestic mains electrical supply, with or
142 without an additional power source
143 3.13
144 battery-powered apparatus
145 apparatus designed to be powered by batteries only
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146 3.14
147 continuous operation
148 apparatus which is continuously powered with continuous or intermittent automatic sensing
149 3.15
150 leisure accommodation vehicle
151 vehicles considered by this standard include caravans, caravan holiday homes and motor
152 caravans [from EN 13878], also known as touring and static caravans and motor homes
153 NOTE Other motorised vehicles like trucks are known to have residential accommodation. They are not leisure
154 accommodation vehicles but are considered as similar vehicles in this standard.
155 3.16
156 recreational craft
157 boat of a minimum length of 2,5 m and a maximum length of 24 m as specified in Directive
158 94/25/EC, which is intended for sports or leisure purposes
159 4 Sources of carbon monoxide
160 4.1 General information
161 Carbon monoxide is a colourless, odourless, non-irritating gas which is classified as a chemical
162 asphyxiant, whose toxic action is a direct result of the hypoxia produced by a given exposure
163 (see Annexes A and B).
164 4.2 Normal exposure levels
165 Carbon monoxide may be generated within the home or enter from outside. The normal
166 average background levels of carbon monoxide in domestic premises, measured over periods
167 of 1 h to 24 h, are less than 10 ppm. In cases of climatic inversion, higher levels of carbon
168 monoxide are possible.
169 4.3 Burning of carbonaceous materials for heating and cooking
170 4.3.1 General
171 Most of the carbon monoxide in the environment is produced during combustion of
172 carbonaceous material, e.g. solid fuels (such as coal, coke and wood), liquid fuels (such as oil
173 and petrol) and gaseous fuels (such as natural gas, town gas and liquefied petroleum gas
174 (LPG)).
175 It should be noted that town gas may contain a significant proportion of carbon monoxide prior
176 to combustion.
177 The proportion and constituents of the combustion products from carbonaceous fuels will
178 depend on the particular fuel and the combustion conditions.
179 Varying concentrations of carbon monoxide are produced from most combustion processes.
180 Exhaust gases from burning solid and liquid fuels may contain significant concentrations of
181 carbon monoxide: levels of 20 000 ppm - 50 000 ppm (2 % - 5 %) are not unexpected. Efficient
182 burning of natural gas and LPG in well-designed burners in an excess of air will not produce
183 significant flue concentrations of carbon monoxide, usually in the range 10 ppm - 200 ppm.
184 However, poorly maintained and inefficient burners can produce considerably higher levels of
185 carbon monoxide.
186 Flue reversal may occur under certain climatic conditions with appliances using combustion air
187 taken from within the premises. This is normally a temporary phenomenon which may occur
188 with certain types of appliance, even when correctly maintained.
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189 4.3.2 Space and water heating
190 Solid, liquid and gaseous fuels may be used for space and water heating. They are used in a
191 variety of ways, either as a local heat source or as a remote central heat source, including
192 – appliance with flue using room air,
193 – appliance without flue using room air,
194 – appliance with flue using external air.
195 In the case of a defective ducted air heater, carbon monoxide may be distributed into remote
196 rooms.
197 4.3.3 Cooking
198 Natural gas, town gas or LPG are the main fuels for cooking, typically using unflued appliances
199 including cooking ranges. In some cases, solid fuels or oil are used in cooking appliances
200 which are generally fitted with flues.
201 It should be emphasised that barbecue grills using charcoal, emit very high amounts of carbon
202 monoxide and should only be used outdoors and should not be used as air heaters in any
203 leisure accommodation, including tents.
204 4.4 Uncontrolled burning
205 Carbon monoxide is a major gaseous product from fires resulting from uncontrolled burning of
206 carbonaceous material. Varying concentrations of carbon monoxide are produced, depending
207 on the material, burning conditions, etc.
208 4.5 Tobacco smoking
209 Smoking produces a significant concentration of carbon monoxide.
210 4.6 Internal combustion engines
211 A major source of carbon monoxide in the non-industrial environment is the combustion
212 engine. The concentration of carbon monoxide in exhaust gas is normally in the range 1 % -
213 3 % but may reach 7 % in a badly maintained or badly tuned engine.
214 The exhaust gases from internal combustion engines (vehicles or electricity generators for
215 example) running in an enclosed space will quickly produce dangerous levels of carbon
216 monoxide.
217 4.7 Migration of CO from connected premises
218 In connected premises such as semi-detached and terraced premises, maisonettes, and
219 particularly multi-occupancy and multi-storey buildings, carbon monoxide produced in one area
220 may be transported to and leak into another part of the building, e.g. across roof spaces,
221 between floors, along ducting, in shared flues, chimneys and other re-entry points such as air
222 vents.
223 5 Installation
224 5.1 General
225 The manufacturer is required to provide suitable instructions for the correct and safe
226 installation of the apparatus. These should be read carefully before installing or operating the
227 apparatus. Clause 8 lists additional items which should be considered, if appropriate.
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228 Generally, the same considerations apply to both type A and type B apparatus.
229 5.2 Location of the carbon monoxide detector
230 5.2.1 General
231 The design and layout of domestic premises, caravans and boats and the number, type and
232 position of carbon monoxide sources vary widely. However, general guidance is given on where
233 and where not to locate the apparatus in order to minimise the risk of misleading indications.
234 5.2.2 Which room?
235 Ideally, an apparatus should be installed in every room containing a fuel burning appliance.
236 Additional apparatus may be installed to ensure that adequate warning is given for occupants
237 in other rooms, by locating apparatus in:
238 – remote rooms in which the occupant(s) spend considerable time whilst awake and from
239 which they may not be able hear an alarm from apparatus in another part of the premises,
240 and
241 – every sleeping room.
242 However, if there is a fuel burning appliance in more than one room and the number of
243 apparatus is limited, the following points should be considered when deciding where best to
244 position the apparatus:
245 • locate the apparatus in a room containing a flueless or open-flued appliance, and
246 • locate apparatus in a room where the occupant(s) spend most time.
247 If the domestic premises are a bedsit (a single room serving as both sitting and bedroom) then
248 the apparatus should be positioned as far from the cooking appliances as possible but near to
249 where the person sleeps.
250 If the appliance is in a room not normally frequented (for example a boiler room), the apparatus
251 should be positioned just outside the room so that the alarm may be heard more easily.
252 Alternatively, a remote alarm siren may be connected to a type A apparatus located in a
253 room(s) containing a fuel-burning appliance.
254 Caravans and boats may have additional risks of carbon monoxide ingress through air vents
255 due to the nearby presence of other vehicles, engines, generators or barbecues, however this
256 does not change the basic guidance on location of the alarm. Caravans and boats should be
257 fitted with an alarm in the same room as any combustion appliance(s), located in accordance
258 with 5.2.3.3. If the caravan or boat has a single living space which incorporates the sleeping
259 accommodation, it can be considered to be equivalent to a bedsit, and a single alarm is
260 sufficient. However, any sleeping accommodation which is in a separate room from the
261 combustion appliance(s) should also contain an alarm, located in accordance with 5.2.3.4.
262 5.2.3 Where in the room?
263 5.2.3.1 General
264 It should be possible to view all the light indicators when in the vicinity of the chosen location
265 for the apparatus.
266 It is not possible to give specific guidance on the exact location of a detector which suits all
267 types of room and their usage. The following points should be taken into consideration when
268 determining an optimum location for any appropriate situation:
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269 5.2.3.2 Where not to install the apparatus
270 The apparatus should not be installed:
271 • in an enclosed space (for example in a cupboard or behind a curtain);
272 • where it can be obstructed (for example by furniture);
273 • directly above a sink;
274 • next to a door or window;
275 • next to an extractor fan;
276 • next to an air vent or other similar ventilation openings;
277 • in an area where the temperature may drop below -10 °C or exceed 40 °C, unless it is
278 designed to do so;
279 • where dirt and dust may block the sensor;
280 • in a damp or humid location;
281 • in the immediate vicinity of a cooking appliance.
282 5.2.3.3 Apparatus located in the same room as a fuel-burning appliance
283 If the apparatus is located on a wall:
284 a) it should be located close to the ceiling;
285 b) it should be located at a height greater than the height of any door or window.
286 A ceiling mounted apparatus should be at least 300 mm from any wall, and for a wall-mounted
287 apparatus it should be at least 150 mm from the ceiling.
288 The apparatus should be at a horizontal distance of between 1 m and 3 m from the nearest
289 edge of the potential source.
290 If there is a partition in a room, the apparatus should be located on the same side of the
291 partition as the potential source.
292 Carbon monoxide alarms in rooms with sloped ceilings should be located at the high side of the
293 room.
294 5.2.3.4 Apparatus located in sleeping rooms and in rooms remote from a fuel burning
295 appliance
296 Apparatus located in sleeping rooms and in rooms remote from the fuel-burning appliance
297 should be located relatively close to the breathing zone of the occupants.
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298 5.2.3.5 Apparatus located in caravans and boats
299 It is not always possible to find an optimum location for an apparatus, for example, a small
300 caravan or boat may not have suitable vertical surfaces available. Nevertheless, when fitting an
301 apparatus in such situations, the two most important considerations when selecting an
302 appropriate location are:
303 • not mounting the apparatus directly above a source of heat or steam; and
304 • mounting the apparatus at a distance of 1 m - 3 m from the nearest edge of the potential
305 source.
306 5.3 Types of apparatus
307 Various options may be available to the person selecting the apparatus to be installed. For
308 example, some models may include a data logging facility which could be useful for identifying
309 the conditions under which measurable carbon monoxide concentrations are actually present.
310 Some systems may incorporate sensors other than for carbon monoxide, and care should be
311 taken to avoid confusion between different signals which may require conflicting actions by the
312 user. Such problems might best be overcome by integrating individual apparatus, together with
313 a centralised control and alarm annunciator. However, the main choice will probably be
314 between type A or B apparatus (that is, with or without an executive function, see Clause 6)
315 either of which may involve further considerations as follows:
316 a) Type A
317 May be particularly useful for people with some physical disability which might delay a
318 manual response to an alarm. They are more likely to be used in a fixed (rather than
319 portable or transportable) installation, because of the need to transmit an output signal for
320 activation of the ancillary device(s). However, this is not necessarily the case, and future
321 development in communication technologies may allow even greater flexibility, so long as
322 the overall reliability is not compromised.
323 b) Type B
324 Intended for either fixed or portable installation, with portable apparatus almost certainly
325 powered from internal batteries alone. Besides the usual siting considerations, special
326 care should be taken with portable units to ensure that they are always properly positioned
327 in relation to the ambient air being sampled. In addition, the user should be cautioned
328 against intermittent operation of the apparatus and dropping or damaging it whilst being re-
329 located.
330 Apparatus is available, especially for vulnerable/at-risk groups, which has a digital display (in
331 ppm units) allowing identification of lower concentrations of CO than the lowest alarm level
332 specified in EN 50291-1 (50 ppm). Such apparatus will only display the CO concentration after
333 a preset minimum level has been exceeded.
334 6 Executive functions (type A apparatus only)
335 6.1 General
336 Type A apparatus are fitted with an output function for triggering different ancillary devices, as
337 described in 6.2 to 6.7.
338 6.2 Shut-off valve
339 If the apparatus is installed in homes equipped with gas appliances, the output signal may be
340 used for triggering a shut-off valve on the incoming mains gas pipe. Such a valve should
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341 require a manual action for resetting to the open position. The installation and use shall be in
342 accordance with EN 1775 and national regulations.
343 6.3 Ventilation fan
344 Exhaust gases from fuel burning appliances installed in the home may be drawn back from the
345 flue system, if the action of an extractor fan (airflow from in
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