IEC 60728-11:2016

Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services - Part 11: Safety

IEC 60728-11:2016 deals with the safety requirements applicable to fixed sited systems and equipment. As far as applicable, it is also valid for mobile and temporarily installed systems, for example, caravans. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2010. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- Correction of minimum cross-section of bonding conductor in Figure 6, Figure 14 and Figure 17.
- Creation of new symbols for "overvoltage protective device - (OPD)" and for "coaxial overvoltage protective device - (COPD)".
- Introduction of new OPD symbol to 3.2, Figure 3 and Figure 6.
- Introduction of new COPD symbol to 3.2 and Figure 19.
- In 3.1 replacement of terms CATV, MATV and SMATV by new terms and definitions due to changes in technology and use of cable networks.
- Extension for remote feeding voltage on subscriber feeder.
- Adaption to Edition 2.0 of the IEC 62305 series.
- Deletion of informative Annex C and normative reference to the simplified software for the calculation of risk due to lightning (Annex J of IEC 62305-2:2006.)
- New subclause 10.2.6 Fully-isolated system outlet provided by means of a FTTH system. The contents of the corrigendum of July 2016 have been included in this copy.

Réseaux de distribution par câbles pour signaux de télévision, signaux de radiodiffusion sonore et services interactifs - Partie 11: Sécurité

L'IEC 60728-11:2016 traite des exigences de sécurité applicables aux systèmes et aux équipements fixes. Elle couvre également les systèmes mobiles et provisoires, caravanes par exemple, pour les exigences qui leur sont applicables. Cette quatrième édition annule et remplace la troisième édition parue en 2010. Cette édition constitue une révision technique. Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente:
- Correction de la section minimale du conducteur de liaison dans la Figure 6, la Figure 14 et la Figure 17.
- Création de nouveaux symboles pour "dispositif de protection contre les surtensions - (OPD)" et "dispositif de protection contre les surtensions coaxial - (COPD)".
- Introduction du nouveau symbole OPD dans 3.2, la Figure 3 et la Figure 6.
- Introduction du nouveau symbole COPD dans 3.2 et la Figure 19.
- Dans 3.1, remplacement des termes CATV, MATV et SMATV par de nouveaux termes et définitions en raison des modifications de technologie et de l'utilisation de réseaux de distribution par câbles.
- Extension pour tension de téléalimentation sur la ligne de raccordement.
- Adaptation du document complet selon l'édition 2.0 de la série IEC 62305.
- Suppression de l'Annexe informative C et de la référence normative au logiciel simplifié pour le calcul du risque lié à la foudre (Annexe J de l'IEC 62305-2:2006).
- Nouveau paragraphe 10.2.6 Prise d'abonné entièrement isolée fournie au moyen d'un système FTTH. Le contenu du corrigendum de juillet 2016 a été pris en considération dans cet exemplaire.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 23-Mar-2016
• ICS: 33.060.40 - Cabled distribution systems
• Technical Committee: TC 100 - Audio, video and multimedia systems and equipment
• Current Stage: DELPUB - Deleted Publication
• Start Date: 15-Feb-2023
• Completion Date: 02-Feb-2018

Relations

• Corrected By: IEC 60728-11:2016/COR1:2016 - Corrigendum 1 - Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services - Part 11: Safety
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023
• Revised: IEC 60728-11:2023 - Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services - Part 11: Safety
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023
• Revises: IEC 60728-11:2010 - Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services - Part 11: Safety
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC 60728-11 ®
Edition 4.0 2016-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services –
Part 11: Safety
Réseaux de distribution par câbles pour signaux de télévision, signaux de
radiodiffusion sonore et services interactifs –
Partie 11: Sécurité
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IEC 60728-11 ®
Edition 4.0 2016-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services –

Part 11: Safety
Réseaux de distribution par câbles pour signaux de télévision, signaux de

radiodiffusion sonore et services interactifs –

Partie 11: Sécurité
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 33.060.40 ISBN 978-2-8322-3161-6

– 2 – IEC 60728-11:2016 © IEC 2016
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 6
INTRODUCTION . 8
1 Scope . 9
2 Normative references. 9
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 10
3.1 Terms and definitions . 10
3.2 Symbols . 17
3.3 Abbreviations . 17
4 Fundamental requirements. 18
4.1 General . 18
4.2 Mechanical requirements . 19
4.3 Accessible parts . 19
4.4 Laser radiation . 19
5 Protection against environmental influences . 19
6 Equipotential bonding and earthing . 19
6.1 General requirements . 19
6.2 Equipotential bonding mechanisms . 19
6.3 Equipotential bonding in meshed systems . 30
6.3.1 References to other standards . 30
6.3.2 General on AC mains . 30
6.3.3 AC power distribution and connection of the protective conductor . 30
6.3.4 Dangers and malfunction . 30
6.3.5 Measures . 31
7 Mains-supplied equipment . 31
8 Remote power feeding in cable networks. 32
8.1 Remote power feeding . 32
8.1.1 Maximum allowed voltages . 32
8.1.2 General requirements for equipment . 32
8.1.3 Current-carrying capacity and dielectric strength of the components . 32
8.2 Remote powering from subscriber premises . 33
9 Protection against contact and proximity to electric power distribution systems . 33
9.1 General . 33
9.2 Overhead lines . 33
9.2.1 Overhead lines up to 1 000 V . 33
9.2.2 Overhead lines above 1 000 V . 34
9.3 House installations up to 1 000 V. 34
10 System outlets and transfer points . 34
10.1 General . 34
10.2 System outlet . 35
10.2.1 Types of system outlets . 35
10.2.2 Fully isolated system outlet . 35
10.2.3 Semi-isolated system outlet . 35
10.2.4 Non-isolated system outlet with protective element . 35
10.2.5 Non-isolated system outlet without protective element . 36
10.2.6 Fully-isolated system outlet provided by means of a FTTH system . 36

10.3 Transfer point . 36
11 Protection against atmospheric overvoltages and elimination of potential
differences . 37
11.1 General . 37
11.2 Protection of the antenna system . 38
11.2.1 Selection of appropriate methods for protection of antenna systems . 38
11.2.2 Building equipped with a lightning protection system (LPS) . 39
11.2.3 Building not equipped with an LPS . 47
11.3 Earthing and bonding of the antenna system . 51
11.3.1 Internal protection system . 51
11.3.2 Earthing conductors . 51
11.3.3 Earth termination system . 54
11.4 Overvoltage protection . 56
12 Mechanical stability . 57
12.1 General requirements . 57
12.2 Bending moment . 58
12.3 Wind-pressure values . 59
12.4 Mast construction . 59
12.5 Data to be published . 59
Annex A (informative) Earth loop impedance . 61
A.1 General . 61
A.2 Earthing for fault conditions . 61
A.3 Earthing to protect against hazardous touch voltage . 62
A.4 Temporary safety measures . 63
Annex B (informative) Use of shield wires to protect installations with coaxial cables . 64
B.1 General . 64
B.2 Soil quality determines shield-wiring necessity . 64
B.3 Protective measures against direct lightning strikes on under ground cables . 64
Annex C (informative) Differences in some countries . 67
C.1 Subclause 6.1 . 67
C.1.1 France . 67
C.1.2 Japan . 67
C.2 Subclause 6.2 . 67
C.2.1 France . 67
C.2.2 Norway . 67
C.2.3 Japan and Poland . 67
C.3 Subclause 6.3 – Norway . 67
C.3.1 Justification . 67
C.3.2 Equipotential bonding mechanism for cable networks . 68
C.3.3 Use of galvanic isolation in a cable network with remote power-feeding . 73
C.3.4 Use of voltage dependent protective device in a cable network . 73
C.4 Subclause 8.1.1 – Japan . 75
C.5 Subclause 9.1 – France . 75
C.6 Subclause 9.2 – Japan . 75
C.7 Subclause 10.1 . 75
C.7.1 Sweden . 75
C.7.2 UK . 75
C.8 Subclause 10.2 – Japan . 75

– 4 – IEC 60728-11:2016 © IEC 2016
C.9 Subclause 11.1 – Japan . 76
C.10 Subclause 11.2 . 76
C.10.1 Germany . 76
C.10.2 Japan . 76
C.11 Subclause 11.3.2 – Japan . 77
C.12 Subclause 11.3.3 – Japan . 77
C.13 Subclause 12.2 – Japan . 77
C.14 Subclause 12.3 – Finland . 78
Bibliography . 79

Figure 1 – Example of equipotential bonding and earthing of a metal enclosure inside
a non-conductive cabinet for outdoor-use . 21
Figure 2 – Example of equipotential bonding of a building installation . 22
Figure 3 – Example of equipotential bonding and indirect earthing of a metal enclosure
inside a non-conductive cabinet for outdoor-use . 23
Figure 4 – Example of equipotential bonding and earthing of a building installation
(underground connection) . 25
Figure 5 – Example of equipotential bonding and earthing of a building installation
(above ground connection) . 26
Figure 6 – Example of equipotential bonding with a galvanic isolated cable entering a
building (underground connection) . 27
Figure 7 – Example of maintaining equipotential bonding whilst a unit is removed . 29
Figure 8 − MDU building installed with FTTH technology . 36
Figure 9 – Areas of antenna-mounting in or on buildings, where earthing is not
mandatory . 38
Figure 10 – Flow chart for selection of the appropriate method for protecting the
antenna system against atmospheric overvoltages . 41
Figure 11 – Example of equipotential bonded headends and antennas in a protected
volume of the building LPS . 43
Figure 12 – Example of equipotential bonded headends and antennas in a protected
volume of the building LPS . 44
Figure 13 – Example of equipotential bonded headends and antennas in a protected
volume of an external isolated ATS . 45
Figure 14 – Example of equipotential bonded antennas (not installed in a protected
volume) and headend with direct connection to building LPS . 46
Figure 15 – Example of equipotential bonded headend and earthed antennas (building
without LPS) . 49
Figure 16 – Example of bonding for antennas and headend (building without LPS and
lightning risk lower than or equal to the tolerable risk) . 50
Figure 17 – Example of protecting an antenna system (not installed in a protected
volume) by additional bonding conductors (R > R ) . 53
T
Figure 18 – Examples of earthing mechanisms (minimum dimensions) . 56
Figure 19 – Example of an overvoltage protective device for single dwelling unit . 57
Figure 20 – Example of bending moment of an antenna mast . 58
Figure A.1 – Systematic of earth loop resistance . 62
Figure B.1 – Principle of single shield wire . 65
Figure B.2 – Principle of two shield wires . 66
Figure C.1 – IT power distribution system in Norway . 68

Figure C.2 – Example of installations located farther than 20 m away from a
transforming station . 69
Figure C.3 – Example of installations located closer than 20m from a transforming
station . 70
Figure C.4 – Example of cabinets for cable network with locally fed equipment and
mains placed less than 2 m apart . 71
Figure C.5 – Example of cabinets for cable network with remotely fed equipment and
mains placed less than 2 m apart . 71
Figure C.6 – Example of cabinets for cable network with locally fed equipment and
mains placed more than 2 m apart . 72
Figure C.7 – Example of cabinets for cable network with remotely fed equipment and
mains placed more than 2m apart . 72
Figure C.8 – Example of an installation placing the amplifier in front of the galvanic
isolator . 73
Figure C.9 – Example of protection using a voltage depending device on network
installations on poles . 74
Figure C.10 – Example of the installation of a safety terminal in Japan . 76
Figure C.11 – Examples of installation of a lightning protection system in Japan . 77

Table 1 – Maximum allowed operation voltages and maximum recommended currents
for coaxial cables in the EN 50117 series . 33
Table 2 – Solutions for protection of antenna systems against atmospheric
overvoltages . 39
Table B.1 – Conductivity of different types of soil. 64
Table B.2 – Protection factors (K ) of protection measures against direct lightning
p
strokes for buried cables . 65

– 6 – IEC 60728-11:2016 © IEC 2016
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
___________
CABLE NETWORKS FOR TELEVISION SIGNALS,
SOUND SIGNALS AND INTERACTIVE SERVICES –

Part 11: Safety
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60728-11 has been prepared by technical area 5: Cable networks
for television signals, sound signals and interactive services, of IEC technical committee 100:
Audio, video and multimedia systems and equipment.
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2010. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition.
• Correction of minimum cross-section of bonding conductor in Figure 6, Figure 14 and
Figure 17.
• Verbal modification of 11.3.1.2.

• Creation of new symbols for “overvoltage protective device – (OPD)” and for “coaxial
overvoltage protective device – (COPD)”.
• Introduction of new OPD symbol to 3.2, Figure 3 and Figure 6.
• Introduction of new COPD symbol to 3.2 and Figure 19.
• In 3.1 replacement of terms CATV, MATV and SMATV by new terms and definitions due to
changes in technology and use of cable networks.
• New Figures 18a to 18d.
• Deletion of Figure 19.
• Extension for remote feeding voltage on subscriber feeder.
• Adaption to Edition 2.0 of the IEC 62305 series.
• Deletion of informative Annex C and normative reference to the simplified software for the
.
calculation of risk due to lightning (Annex J of IEC 62305-2:2006
• New subclause 10.2.6 Fully-isolated system outlet provided by means of a FTTH system.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
100/2592/FDIS 100/2636/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
The list of all the parts of the IEC 60728 series, under the general title Cable networks for
television signals, sound signals and interactive services, can be found on the IEC website.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed;
• withdrawn;
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
The contents of the corrigendum of July 2016 have been included in this copy.
______________
IEC 62305-2:2006, Protection against lightning – Part 2: Risk management

– 8 – IEC 60728-11:2016 © IEC 2016
INTRODUCTION
Standards and other deliverables of the IEC 60728 series deal with cable networks including
equipment and associated methods of measurement for headend reception, processing and
distribution of television and sound signals and for processing, interfacing and transmitting all
kinds of data signals for interactive services using all applicable transmission media. These
signals are typically transmitted in networks by frequency-multiplexing techniques.
This includes for instance
• regional and local broadband cable networks,
• extended satellite and terrestrial television distribution networks and systems
• individual satellite and terrestrial television receiving systems,
and all kinds of equipment, systems and installations used in such cable networks, distribution
and receiving systems.
The extent of this standardization work is from the antennas and/or special signal source
inputs to the headend or other interface points to the network up to the terminal input of the
customer premises equipment.
The standardization work will consider coexistence with users of the RF spectrum in wired
and wireless transmission systems.
The standardization of any user terminals (i.e. tuners, receivers, decoders, multimedia
terminals, etc.) as well as of any coaxial, balanced and optical cables and accessories thereof
is excluded.
CABLE NETWORKS FOR TELEVISION SIGNALS,
SOUND SIGNALS AND INTERACTIVE SERVICES –

Part 11: Safety
1 Scope
This part of IEC 60728 deals with the safety requirements applicable to fixed sited systems
and equipment. As far as applicable, it is also valid for mobile and temporarily installed
systems, for example, caravans.
Additional requirements may be applied, for example, referring to
• electrical installations of buildings and overhead lines,
• other telecommunication services distribution systems,
• water distribution systems,
• gas distribution systems,
• lightning systems.
This standard is intended to provide specifically for the safety of the system, personnel
working on it, subscribers and subscriber equipment. It deals only with safety aspects and is
not intended to define a standard for the protection of the equipment used in the system.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60065:2014, Audio, video and similar electronic apparatus – Safety requirements
IEC 60364-1, Low-voltage electrical installations – Part 1: Fundamental principles,
assessment of general characteristics, definitions
IEC 60364-4-44, Low-voltage electrical installations – Part 4-44: Protection for safety –
Protection against voltage disturbances and electromagnetic disturbances
IEC 60364-5-52, Low-voltage electrical installations – Part 5-52: Selection and erection of
electrical equipment – Wiring systems
IEC 60364-5-54, Low-voltage electrical installations – Part 5-54: Selection and erection of
electrical equipment – Earthing arrangements and protective conductors
IEC 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 60728-2, Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services –
Part 2: Electromagnetic compatibility for equipment
IEC 60825-1, Safety of laser products – Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements

– 10 – IEC 60728-11:2016 © IEC 2016
IEC 60825-2, Safety of laser products – Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication
systems (OFCS)
IEC 60950-1:2005, Information technology equipment – Safety – Part 1: General
requirements
IEC 60990, Methods of measurement of touch current and protective conductor current
IEC 61140:2001, Protection against electric shock – Common aspects for installation and
equipment
IEC 61140:2001/AMD1:2004
IEC 62305 (all parts), Protection against lightning
IEC 62305-2:2010, Protection against lightning – Part 2: Risk management
IEC 62305-3:2010, Protection against lightning – Part 3: Physical damage to structures and
life hazard
IEC 62305-4:2010, Protection against lightning – Part 4: Electrical and electronic systems
within structures
ISO 3864-1:2011, Graphical symbols – Safety colours and safety signs – Part 1: Design
principles for safety signs in workplaces and public areas
EN 50117 (all parts), Coaxial cables
EN 50164-1, Lightning Protection Components (LPC) – Part 1: Requirements for connection
components
EN 50164-2, Lightning Protection Components (LPC) – Part 2: Requirements for conductors
and earth electrodes
EN 50174-2, Information technology – Cabling installation – Part 2: Installation planning and
practices inside buildings
EN 50310, Application of equipotential bonding and earthing in buildings with information
technology equipment
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
NOTE Some terms have been taken from IEC 60050-195, IEC 60050-826 and IEC 60050-851, with the reference
number in square brackets, and from other IEC standards, also referenced to in square brackets.
3.1.1
air-termination system
part of an external LPS using metallic elements such as rods, mesh conductors or catenary
wires intended to intercept lightning flashes
[SOURCE: IEC 62305-3:2010, 3.6]

3.1.2
amplifier
device to compensate for attenuation
3.1.3
attenuation
ratio of the input power to the output power
Note 1 to entry: The ratio is expressed in decibel.
3.1.4
cable networks
regional and local broadband
cable networks, extended satellite and terrestrial television distribution networks or systems
and individual satellite and terrestrial television receiving systems
Note 1 to entry: These networks and systems can be used in downstream and upstream directions.
3.1.5
CATV network
regional and local broadband cable networks designed to provide sound and television signals
as well as signals for interactive services to a regional or local area
Note 1 to entry: Originally defined as Community Antenna Television network.
3.1.6
class I equipment
equipment with basic insulation as provision for basic protection and protective bonding as
provision for fault protection, in accordance with IEC 61140:2001, 7.1
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-851:2008, 851-15-10]
3.1.7
class II equipment
equipment with basic insulation as provision for basic protection, and supplementary
insulation as provision for fault protection, or in which basic and fault protection are provided
by reinforced insulation, in accordance with IEC 61140:2001, 7.3
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-851:2008, 851-15-11]
3.1.8
earthing arrangement
all the electric connections and devices involved in the earthing of a system, an installation
and equipment
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-02-20, modified – The preferred term "grounding
arrangement (US), and the deprecated term "earthing system" have been deleted.]
3.1.9
earthing conductor
conductor which provides a conductive path, or part of the conductive path, between a given
point in a system or in an installation or in equipment and an earth electrode or an earth-
electrode network
Note 1 to entry: In the electrical installation of a building, the given point is usually the main earthing terminal,
and the earthing conductor connects this point to the earth electrode or the earth-electrode network.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-13-12, modified – The preferred term "grounding
conductor (US)", and the deprecated term "earth conductor" have been deleted.]

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3.1.10
earth electrode
conductive part, which may be embedded in the soil or in a specific conductive medium, e.g.
concrete or coke, in electric contact with the Earth
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-13-05, modified – The preferred term "ground electrode
(US)" has been deleted.]
3.1.11
earthing terminal
terminal provided on equipment or on a device and intended for the electric connection with
the earthing arrangement
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-02-31, modified – The preferred term "grounding
terminal (US), and the deprecated term "earth terminal" have been deleted.]
3.1.12
electric shock
physiological effect resulting from an electric current through a human or animal body
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-12-01]
3.1.13
equipotential bonding
provision of electric connections between conductive parts, intended to achieve
equipotentiality
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-13-19]
3.1.14
equipotential bonding bar
bar which is part of an equipotential bonding system and enables the electric connection of a
number of conductors for equipotential bonding purposes
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-13-35]
3.1.15
protective bonding conductor
protective conductor provided for protective-equipotential-bonding
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-13-24, modified – The deprecated term "equipotential
bonding conductor" has been deleted.]
3.1.16
exposed conductive part
conductive part of equipment which can be touched and which is not normally live, but which
can become live when basic insulation fails
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-06-10]
3.1.17
extended satellite television distribution network or system
distribution network or system designed to provide sound and television signals received by
satellite receiving antenna to households in one or more buildings
Note 1 to entry: This kind of network or system can be combined with terrestrial antennas for the additional
reception of TV and/or radio signals via terrestrial networks.

Note 2 to entry: This kind of network or system can also carry control signals for satellite switched systems or
other signals for special transmission systems (e.g. MoCA or WiFi) in the return path direction.
3.1.18
extended terrestrial television distribution network or system
distribution network or system designed to provide sound and television signals received by
terrestrial receiving antenna to households in one or more buildings
Note 1 to entry: This kind of network or system can possibly be combined with a satellite antenna for the
additional reception of TV and/or radio signals via satellite networks.
Note 2 to entry: This kind of network or system can also carry other signals for special transmission systems (e.g.
MoCA or WiFi) in the return path direction.
3.1.19
extraneous conductive part
conductive part not forming part of the electrical installation and liable to introduce an electric
potential, generally the electric potential of a local earth
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-06-11]
3.1.20
feeder
transmission path forming part of a cable network
Note 1 to entry: Such a path may consist of a metallic cable, optical fibre, waveguide or any combination of them.
Note 2 to entry: By extension, the term is also applied to paths containing one or more radio links.
3.1.21
galvanic isolator
device providing electrical isolation below a certain frequency range
3.1.22
hazardous voltage
electrical condition of an object from which a hazardous touch current (electric shock) could
be drawn
[SOURCE: IEC 60065:2014, 2.6.10, modified – The term "hazardous live" has been replaced
by "hazardous voltage".]
3.1.23
headend
equipment connected between receiving antennas or other signal sources and the remainder
of the cable network, to process the signals to be distributed
3.1.24
home distributor
HD
physical distribution point within a home where cables terminate
Note 1 to entry: This note applies to the French language only.
3.1.25
individual satellite television receiving system
system designed to provide sound and television signals received from satellite(s) to an
individual household
Note 1 to entry: This kind of system can also carry control signals for satellite switched systems or other signals
for special transmission systems (e.g. MoCA or WiFi) in the return path direction.

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3.1.26
individual terrestrial television re
...