IEC 60475:2022
(Main)Method of sampling insulating liquids
Method of sampling insulating liquids
IEC 60475:2022 is applicable to the sampling procedure used for insulating liquids in delivery containers and in electrical equipment such as power and instrument transformers, reactors, bushings, oil-filled cables, oil-filled tank-type capacitors, switchgear and load tap changers (LTCs). This document applies to liquids the viscosity of which at the sampling temperature is less than 1 500 mm2/s (or cSt). It applies to mineral oils and non-mineral oils (such as synthetic esters, natural esters, vegetable oils or silicones).
Méthode d'échantillonnage des liquides isolants
L'IEC 60475:2022 s’applique à la procédure d'échantillonnage utilisée pour les liquides isolants dans les récipients de livraison et les matériels électriques tels que les transformateurs de puissance et de mesure, les réactances, les traversées, les câbles à huile fluide, les condensateurs de puissance en huile, les appareillages de connexion et les changeurs de prises en charge (LTC - load tap changer). Le présent document s'applique aux liquides dont la viscosité, à la température d’échantillonnage, est inférieure à 1 500 mm2/s (ou cSt). Il concerne les huiles minérales et non minérales (les esters synthétiques, les esters naturels ou les huiles végétales et les liquides silicones, par exemple).
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IEC 60475 ®
Edition 3.0 2022-05
COMMENTED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Method of sampling insulating liquids
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IEC 60475 ®
Edition 3.0 2022-05
COMMENTED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Method of sampling insulating liquids
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 29.040.10 ISBN 978-2-8322-3524-9
– 2 – IEC 60475:2022 CMV © IEC 2022
CONTENTS
FOREWORD .3
INTRODUCTION .5
1 Scope .6
2 Normative references .6
3 Terms and definitions .6
4 General principles for the sampling of insulating liquids .7
4.1 New insulating liquids in delivery containers .7
4.1.1 Place of sampling .7
4.1.2 Quantity of sample to be taken .7
4.1.3 Sampling equipment .7
4.1.4 Sampling procedure . 11
4.2 Sampling of oil from oil-filled equipment . 13
4.2.1 General remarks . 13
4.2.2 Sampling of oil by syringe . 19
4.2.3 Sampling of oil by ampoule . 20
4.2.4 Sampling of oil by flexible metal bottles . 21
4.2.5 Sampling of oil by glass and rigid metal bottles . 22
4.2.6 Sampling of oil by plastic bottles . 23
4.3 Storage and transportation of samples . 23
4.4 Labelling of samples . 23
Annex A (informative) Procedure for sampling at intermediate levels (making up of the
average sample) . 25
A.1 Use of the thief dipper . 25
A.2 Use of the pipette . 25
A.3 Use of the siphon . 25
A.4 General remark . 25
Annex B (informative) Procedure for testing the integrity of the syringes . 26
Annex C (informative) Procedure for sampling oil from bushings . 27
Bibliography . 29
List of comments . 30
Figure 1 – Thief dipper .8
Figure 2 – Cream dipper .9
Figure 3 – Pipette . 10
Figure 4 – Siphon . 10
Figure 5 – Sampling of oil by syringe . 15
Figure 6 – Sampling of oil by ampoule . 16
Figure 7 – Sampling of oil by bottle . 17
Table 1 – Types of samples of new insulating liquids . 11
Table 2 – Sample containers for oil tests. 18
Table 3 – Information required on oil sample labels . 24
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
METHOD OF SAMPLING INSULATING LIQUIDS
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This commented version (CMV) of the official standard IEC 60475:2022 edition 3.0 allows
the user to identify the changes made to the previous IEC 60475:2011 edition 2.0.
Futhermore, comments from IEC TC 10 experts are provided to explain the reasons of the
most relevant changes, or to clarify any part of the content.
A vertical bar appears in the margin wherever a change has been made. Additions are in
green text, deletions are in strikethrough red text. Experts' comments are identified by a
blue-background number. Mouse over a number to display a pop-up note with the
comment.
This publication contains the CMV and the official standard. The full list of comments is
available at the end of the CMV.
– 4 – IEC 60475:2022 CMV © IEC 2022
IEC 60475 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 10: Fluids for electrotechnical
applications. It is an International Standard.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2011. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) addition of a new Annex C on sampling of oil from bushings, at the request of IEC
subcommittee 36A, in order to transfer to IEC 60475 the corresponding contents of
IEC TR 61464 relating to oil sampling from bushings;
b) deletion of NOTE 2 in 4.2.1.2.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
10/1163/FDIS 10/1173/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/publications.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates that it
contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its
contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.
INTRODUCTION
General caution, health, safety and environmental protection
WARNING – This document does not purport to address all the safety problems associated with
its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate health and
safety practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
The insulating oils which are the subject of this document should be handled with due regard
to personal hygiene. Direct contact with the eyes may can cause irritation. In the case of eye
contact, irrigation with copious quantities of clean running water should be carried out and
medical advice sought. Some of the tests specified in this document involve the use of
processes that could lead to a hazardous situation. Attention is drawn to the relevant standard
for guidance.
Environment
This document is
...
IEC 60475 ®
Edition 3.0 2022-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Method of sampling insulating liquids
Méthode d’échantillonnage des liquides isolants
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or
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les coordonnées ci-après ou contactez le Comité national de l'IEC de votre pays de résidence.
IEC Secretariat Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
3, rue de Varembé info@iec.ch
CH-1211 Geneva 20 www.iec.ch
Switzerland
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigendum or an amendment might have been published.
IEC publications search - webstore.iec.ch/advsearchform IEC Products & Services Portal - products.iec.ch
The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a Discover our powerful search engine and read freely all the
variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical publications previews. With a subscription you will always
committee, …). It also gives information on projects, replaced have access to up to date content tailored to your needs.
and withdrawn publications.
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IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished
The world's leading online dictionary on electrotechnology,
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published
containing more than 22 300 terminological entries in English
details all new publications released. Available online and
and French, with equivalent terms in 19 additional languages.
once a month by email.
Also known as the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary
(IEV) online.
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If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or
need further assistance, please contact the Customer Service
Centre: sales@iec.ch.
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IEC 60475 ®
Edition 3.0 2022-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Method of sampling insulating liquids
Méthode d’échantillonnage des liquides isolants
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.040.10 ISBN 978-2-8322-3484-6
– 2 – IEC 60475:2022 © IEC 2022
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
INTRODUCTION . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 General principles for the sampling of insulating liquids . 7
4.1 New insulating liquids in delivery containers . 7
4.1.1 Place of sampling . 7
4.1.2 Quantity of sample to be taken . 7
4.1.3 Sampling equipment . 7
4.1.4 Sampling procedure . 11
4.2 Sampling of oil from oil-filled equipment . 13
4.2.1 General remarks . 13
4.2.2 Sampling of oil by syringe . 19
4.2.3 Sampling of oil by ampoule . 20
4.2.4 Sampling of oil by flexible metal bottles . 21
4.2.5 Sampling of oil by glass and rigid metal bottles . 22
4.2.6 Sampling of oil by plastic bottles . 23
4.3 Storage and transportation of samples . 23
4.4 Labelling of samples . 23
Annex A (informative) Procedure for sampling at intermediate levels (making up of the
average sample) . 25
A.1 Use of the thief dipper . 25
A.2 Use of the pipette . 25
A.3 Use of the siphon . 25
A.4 General remark . 25
Annex B (informative) Procedure for testing the integrity of the syringes . 26
Annex C (informative) Procedure for sampling oil from bushings . 27
Bibliography . 29
Figure 1 – Thief dipper . 8
Figure 2 – Cream dipper . 9
Figure 3 – Pipette . 10
Figure 4 – Siphon . 10
Figure 5 – Sampling of oil by syringe . 15
Figure 6 – Sampling of oil by ampoule . 16
Figure 7 – Sampling of oil by bottle . 17
Table 1 – Types of samples of new insulating liquids . 11
Table 2 – Sample containers for oil tests . 18
Table 3 – Information required on oil sample labels . 24
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
METHOD OF SAMPLING INSULATING LIQUIDS
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 60475 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 10: Fluids for electrotechnical
applications. It is an International Standard.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2011. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) addition of a new Annex C on sampling of oil from bushings, at the request of IEC
subcommittee 36A, in order to transfer to IEC 60475 the corresponding contents of
IEC TR 61464 relating to oil sampling from bushings;
b) deletion of NOTE 2 in 4.2.1.2.
– 4 – IEC 60475:2022 © IEC 2022
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
10/1163/FDIS 10/1173/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with
...
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