IEC TR 63424-1:2024
(Main)Validation of dynamic power control and exposure time-averaging algorithms - Part 1: Cellular network implementations for SAR at frequencies up to 6 GHz
Validation of dynamic power control and exposure time-averaging algorithms - Part 1: Cellular network implementations for SAR at frequencies up to 6 GHz
IEC TR 63424-1:2024 describes the methods for validating dynamic power control and (dynamic) exposure time-averaging (DPC-ETA) algorithms used in RF modem chipsets of wireless devices. The DPC-ETA implementations are exposure-based, where SAR is time-averaged according to power recorded by the RF modem. Time-averaging windows up to six minutes consistent with applicable SAR limits and regulatory policies are considered for frequencies up to 6 GHz. The DPC-ETA power control parameters are established based on SAR compliance results with all relevant design and operating tolerances taken into consideration. The device output power is controlled by DPC-ETA to maintain SAR compliance in real-time. While SAR compliance is evaluated independently by applying IEC/IEEE 62209-1528:2020 [1] , this document contains information for algorithm validation.
Quasi-static and dynamic power control test sequences are described in this document for algorithm validation. The test sequences are sent from a radio communication tester (RCT) and DPC-ETA responses are measured with conducted and radiated power measurement methods to confirm algorithm functionality. Test sequences for wireless configurations that need validation, including wireless mode transitions, call drop, handover, discontinuous transmission, and simultaneous transmission are described. Considerations for measurement automation to acquire time-aligned results for correlation with power changes in the test sequences are provided. DPC-ETA algorithms are validated by correlating the normalized power measurement results with the expected behaviours of an implementation for the applied test sequences. The procedures in this document also support algorithm validation of modular transmitters using an appropriate test platform. Guidance for using SAR methods in place of radiated power measurements and capacitive proximity sensor triggering with time-averaged detection are also included.
NOTE 1 A separate document will be considered to validate DPC-ETA implementations above 6 GHz, according to near-field millimetre-wave band power density exposure requirements. Substantially shorter time-averaging window durations, on the order of a few seconds, can be required to satisfy some national regulatory requirements.
NOTE 2 The scope of this document is limited to cellular network technologies that have RF modem transmission power dictated by a base station and therefore can be tested using RCT test sequences. Cellular network technologies (also referred to as wireless wide area networks (WWAN)) include Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Long-Term Evolution (LTE) and 5G New Radio (NR), including other related 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G specifications, respectively. A separate document will be considered for validating DPC-ETA implementations for wireless local area network (WLAN) technologies, such as those based on the IEEE 802.11 standards series. With WLAN technologies, the transmit power is dictated independently by the RF modem and can be specific to each power control implementation, requiring different testing approaches.
NOTE 3 The procedures in this document can also be considered for 3GPP [2] 5G NR FR1 bands above 6 GHz.
NOTE 4 This document does not address algorithm validation for simultaneous transmission configurations involving transmitters that are not controlled by DPC-ETA operations in the RF modem. These are evaluated according to regulatory requirements.
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IEC TR 63424-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2024-12
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
Validation of dynamic power control and exposure time-averaging algorithms –
Part 1: Cellular network implementations for SAR at frequencies up to 6 GHz
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IEC TR 63424-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2024-12
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
Validation of dynamic power control and exposure time-averaging algorithms –
Part 1: Cellular network implementations for SAR at frequencies up to 6 GHz
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 13.280; 17.240 ISBN 978-2-8327-0056-3
– 2 – IEC TR 63424-1:2024 © IEC 2024
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 6
INTRODUCTION . 8
1 Scope . 9
2 Normative references . 10
3 Terms and definitions . 10
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 14
4.1 Physical quantities . 14
4.2 Abbreviated terms . 15
5 Dynamic power control and exposure time-averaging implementation operation
descriptions . 16
5.1 General . 16
5.2 General algorithm operation overview . 16
5.3 Configurable parameters . 17
5.3.1 General . 17
5.3.2 DPC-ETA power control parameters applicable to existing
implementations . 18
6 Algorithm validation considerations . 20
6.1 General . 20
6.2 DPC-ETA algorithm validation criteria . 20
6.3 SAR linearity . 21
6.4 Test sequences . 21
6.5 Power measurement . 22
6.6 Measurement rate . 22
6.7 Measurement automation . 23
6.8 DPC-ETA power control and time-averaging calculations during transitions . 23
6.9 Test reduction . 25
6.10 Normalization of measured power . 25
6.11 Simultaneous transmission with other transmitters in host device . 29
6.12 Modular transmitter test platform . 29
6.13 Power-up and fail-safe considerations . 29
6.13.1 General . 29
6.13.2 Power-up and reboot . 29
6.13.3 Fail-safe and malfunctioning . 30
7 Test sequence considerations . 30
7.1 Basic algorithm validation with quasi-static test sequences . 30
7.2 Dynamic test sequences for validation of rapid power changes . 30
7.3 Transition between wireless operating modes . 31
7.4 Transition between discontinuous transmission conditions . 31
7.5 Transition between TDMA, TDD, and FDD transmission conditions . 31
7.6 Transition between simultaneous transmitters and antennas . 32
7.6.1 General . 32
7.6.2 5G NR NSA EN-DC . 33
7.6.3 Carrier aggregation . 33
7.7 Transitions initiated by host triggered conditions . 33
7.8 Transition between diversity antennas . 33
8 Validation test setup and procedures . 34
8.1 General . 34
8.2 Conducted power measurement . 34
8.3 Radiated power measurement . 34
9 Post-processing and correlation of measurement results . 35
10 Validation and measurement tolerance considerations . 36
11 Acceptance criteria and algorithm validation requirements . 36
11.1 General . 36
11.2 Acceptance criteria . 37
11.3 Observation points . 38
12 Reporting of validation results . 39
Annex A (informative) Test sequence consideration details . 40
A.1 General . 40
A.2 General test sequence configuration and measurement considerations . 40
A.2.1 General . 40
A.2.2 Quasi-static and dynamic test sequences . 41
A.2.3 Power control parameters . 41
A.2.4 Power control segments . 41
A.2.5 Test sequence and measurement coordination . 42
A.2.6 Wireless mode test considerations . 43
A.2.7 Test sequence considerations . 44
A.2.8 TDD and TDMA measurement considerations . 44
A.2.9 Normalization of results . 44
A.2.10 Measurement automation . 45
A.3 Basic algorithm validation . 46
A.3.1 General . 46
A.3.2 Standalone wireless mode quasi-static test sequence. 46
A.3.3 User observations . 47
A.4 Dynamic and random power control test sequences, discontinuous
transmissions . 48
A.4.1 General . 48
A.4.2 Test sequence considerations . 48
A.4.3 Power measurement considerations . 49
A.4.4 Dynamic test sequence . 49
A.5 Transition between wireless operating modes and call drop conditions . 51
A.5.1 General . 51
A.5.2 Test sequence considerations . 51
A.5.3 Test sequence configuration . 52
A.6 GSM/GPRS configurations – duty factor, call drop, discontinuous
transmission, transition between GSM and UMTS . 54
A.6.1 General . 54
A.6.2 Test sequence considerations and configuration . 55
A.6.3 Power measurement considerations . 55
A.7 Simultaneous transmission and RAT specific considerations . 56
A.7.1 General . 56
A.7.2 Aggregate power requirements . 57
A.7.3 Power measurement and automation considerations . 57
A.7.4 Test sequence considerations . 58
A.8 Host device based external triggering transitions . 59
A.8.1 General . 59
– 4 – IEC TR 63424-1:2024 © IEC 2024
A.8.2 DPC-ETA algorithm validation considerations . 59
A.9 Transmit diversity and simultaneous transmission antenna configurations . 60
A.9.1 Diversity antennas . 60
A.9.2 Simultaneous transmission . 60
A.10 Illustrative example .
...
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