IEC 62232:2022

Determination of RF field strength, power density and SAR in the vicinity of base stations for the purpose of evaluating human exposure

IEC 62232:2022 addresses the evaluation of RF field strength, power density and specific absorption rate (SAR) levels in the vicinity of base stations (BS), also called products or equipment under test (EUT), intentionally radiating in the radio frequency (RF) range 110 MHz to 300 GHz in accordance with the scope, see Clause 1. It does not address the evaluation of current density.
RF exposure evaluation methods to be used for product compliance, product installation compliance and in-situ RF exposure assessments are specified in this document. Exposure limits are not specified in this document. The entity conducting RF exposure assessments refers to the set of exposure limits applicable where exposure takes place. Examples of applicable exposure limits considered in this document are provided in the Bibliography, for example ICNIRP-2020 [1], ICNIRP-1998 [2], IEEE Std C95.1™-2019 [3] and Safety Code 6 [4].

Détermination de l'intensité du champ de radiofréquences, de la densité de puissance et du DAS à proximité des stations de base dans le but d'évaluer l'exposition humaine

IEC 62232:2022 traite de l’évaluation de l’intensité du champ RF, de la densité de puissance et des niveaux de débit d’absorption spécifique (DAS) à proximité des stations de base (BS), également appelées produits ou équipements sous test (EUT), rayonnant intentionnellement dans la gamme des radiofréquences (RF) de 110 MHz à 300 GHz conformément au domaine d’application, voir Article 1. Il ne traite pas de l’évaluation de la densité actuelle.
Les méthodes d’évaluation de l’exposition aux RF à utiliser pour la conformité du produit, la conformité de l’installation du produit et les évaluations in situ de l’exposition aux RF sont spécifiées dans le présent document. Les limites d’exposition ne sont pas spécifiées dans le présent document. L’entité qui effectue les évaluations de l’exposition aux RF fait référence à l’ensemble des limites d’exposition applicables là où l’exposition a lieu. Des exemples de limites d’exposition applicables examinées dans le présent document sont fournis dans la bibliographie, par exemple ICNIRP-2020 [1], ICNIRP-1998 [2], IEEE Std C95.1-2019™ [3] et Safety Code 6 [4].

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 13-Oct-2022
• ICS: 13.280 - Radiation protection
• ICS: 17.240 - Radiation measurements
• Technical Committee: TC 106 - Methods for the assessment of electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields associated with human exposure
• Drafting Committee: MT 3 - TC 106/MT 3
• Current Stage: PPUB - Publication issued
• Start Date: 04-Nov-2022
• Completion Date: 14-Oct-2022

Relations

• Revises: IEC 62232:2017 - Determination of RF field strength, power density and SAR in the vicinity of radiocommunication base stations for the purpose of evaluating human exposure
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC 62232 ®
Edition 3.0 2022-10
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Determination of RF field strength, power density and SAR in the vicinity of base
stations for the purpose of evaluating human exposure
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or
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About the IEC
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International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.

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IEC 62232 ®
Edition 3.0 2022-10
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Determination of RF field strength, power density and SAR in the vicinity of

base stations for the purpose of evaluating human exposure

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 13.280; 17.240 ISBN 978-2-8322-5778-4

– 2 – IEC 62232:2022 © IEC 2022
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 16
INTRODUCTION . 18
1 Scope . 19
2 Normative references . 20
3 Terms and definitions . 21
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 36
4.1 Physical quantities . 36
4.2 Constants . 36
4.3 Abbreviated terms . 36
5 How to use this document . 39
5.1 Quick start guide . 39
5.2 RF evaluation purpose categories . 42
5.3 Implementation case studies . 42
6 Evaluation processes for product compliance, product installation compliance and
in-situ RF exposure assessments . 42
6.1 Evaluation process for product compliance . 42
6.1.1 General . 42
6.1.2 Establishing compliance boundaries . 42
6.1.3 Iso-surface compliance boundary definition . 43
6.1.4 Simple compliance boundaries . 43
6.1.5 Methods for establishing the compliance boundary . 45
6.1.6 Uncertainty . 49
6.1.7 Reporting for product compliance . 49
6.2 Evaluation process used for product installation compliance . 50
6.2.1 General . 50
6.2.2 General evaluation procedure for product installations . 50
6.2.3 Product installation compliance based on the actual maximum
transmitted power or EIRP . 52
6.2.4 Product installation data collection . 55
6.2.5 Simplified product installation evaluation process . 56
6.2.6 Assessment area selection . 59
6.2.7 Measurements . 60
6.2.8 Computations . 62
6.2.9 Uncertainty . 62
6.2.10 Reporting for product installation compliance . 63
6.3 In-situ RF exposure evaluation or assessment process . 64
6.3.1 General . 64
6.3.2 In-situ measurement process . 64
6.3.3 Site analysis . 65
6.3.4 Case A evaluation . 66
6.3.5 Case B evaluation . 66
6.3.6 Uncertainty . 67
6.3.7 Reporting . 67
6.4 Averaging procedures . 67
6.4.1 Spatial averaging . 67
6.4.2 Time averaging . 68
7 Determining the evaluation method . 68

7.1 Overview. 68
7.2 Process to determine the evaluation method . 68
7.2.1 General . 68
7.2.2 Establishing the evaluation points in relation to the source-environment
plane . 69
7.2.3 Exposure metric selection . 70
8 Evaluation methods . 71
8.1 General . 71
8.2 Measurement methods . 72
8.2.1 General . 72
8.2.2 RF field strength and power density measurements . 72
8.2.3 SAR measurements . 73
8.3 Computation methods . 74
8.4 Methods for assessment based on actual maximum approach . 76
8.4.1 General requirements . 76
8.4.2 Actual transmitted power or EIRP monitoring . 76
8.4.3 Actual transmitted power or EIRP control . 77
8.5 Methods for the assessment of RF exposure to multiple sources . 78
8.6 Methods for establishing the BS transmitted power or EIRP . 79
9 Uncertainty . 80
10 Reporting. 80
10.1 General requirements . 80
10.2 Report format . 81
10.3 Opinions and interpretations . 82
Annex A (informative) Source-environment plane and guidance on the evaluation
method selection . 83
A.1 Guidance on the source-environment plane . 83
A.1.1 General . 83
A.1.2 Source-environment plane example . 83
A.1.3 Source regions . 84
A.2 Select between computation or measurement approaches . 90
A.3 Select measurement method . 91
A.3.1 Selection stages . 91
A.3.2 Selecting between RF field strength, power density and SAR
measurement approaches . 91
A.3.3 Selecting between broadband and frequency selective measurement . 92
A.3.4 Selecting RF field strength measurement procedures . 93
A.4 Select computation method . 93
A.5 Additional considerations . 95
A.5.1 Simplicity . 95
A.5.2 Evaluation method ranking . 95
A.5.3 Applying multiple methods for RF exposure evaluation . 95
Annex B (normative) Evaluation methods . 96
B.1 Overview. 96
B.2 General . 96
B.2.1 Coordinate systems and reference points . 96
B.2.2 Variables . 97
B.3 RF exposure evaluation principles . 98
B.3.1 Simple calculation of RF field strength and power density . 98

– 4 – IEC 62232:2022 © IEC 2022
B.3.2 Measurement of RF field strength and power density . 102
B.3.3 Spatial averaging . 104
B.3.4 Time averaging . 107
B.3.5 Comparing measured and
...

IEC 62232 ®
Edition 3.0 2022-10
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Determination of RF field strength, power density and SAR in the vicinity of base
stations for the purpose of evaluating human exposure

Détermination de l'intensité du champ de radiofréquences, de la densité de
puissance et du DAS à proximité des stations de base dans le but d'évaluer
l'exposition humaine
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or
your local IEC member National Committee for further information.

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CH-1211 Geneva 20 www.iec.ch
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About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.

About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigendum or an amendment might have been published.

IEC publications search - webstore.iec.ch/advsearchform IEC Products & Services Portal - products.iec.ch
The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a Discover our powerful search engine and read freely all the
variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical publications previews. With a subscription you will always have
committee, …). It also gives information on projects, replaced access to up to date content tailored to your needs.
and withdrawn publications.
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Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published
containing more than 22 300 terminological entries in English
details all new publications released. Available online and once
and French, with equivalent terms in 19 additional languages.
a month by email.
Also known as the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary

(IEV) online.
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IEC 62232 ®
Edition 3.0 2022-10
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Determination of RF field strength, power density and SAR in the vicinity of

base stations for the purpose of evaluating human exposure

Détermination de l'intensité du champ de radiofréquences, de la densité de

puissance et du DAS à proximité des stations de base dans le but d'évaluer

l'exposition humaine
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 13.280; 17.240 ISBN 978-2-8322-6444-7

– 2 – IEC 62232:2022 © IEC 2022
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 16
INTRODUCTION . 18
1 Scope . 19
2 Normative references . 20
3 Terms and definitions . 21
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 36
4.1 Physical quantities . 36
4.2 Constants . 36
4.3 Abbreviated terms . 36
5 How to use this document . 39
5.1 Quick start guide . 39
5.2 RF evaluation purpose categories . 42
5.3 Implementation case studies . 42
6 Evaluation processes for product compliance, product installation compliance and
in-situ RF exposure assessments . 42
6.1 Evaluation process for product compliance . 42
6.1.1 General . 42
6.1.2 Establishing compliance boundaries . 42
6.1.3 Iso-surface compliance boundary definition . 43
6.1.4 Simple compliance boundaries . 43
6.1.5 Methods for establishing the compliance boundary . 45
6.1.6 Uncertainty . 49
6.1.7 Reporting for product compliance . 49
6.2 Evaluation process used for product installation compliance . 50
6.2.1 General . 50
6.2.2 General evaluation procedure for product installations . 50
6.2.3 Product installation compliance based on the actual maximum
transmitted power or EIRP . 52
6.2.4 Product installation data collection . 55
6.2.5 Simplified product installation evaluation process . 56
6.2.6 Assessment area selection . 59
6.2.7 Measurements . 60
6.2.8 Computations . 62
6.2.9 Uncertainty . 62
6.2.10 Reporting for product installation compliance . 63
6.3 In-situ RF exposure evaluation or assessment process . 64
6.3.1 General . 64
6.3.2 In-situ measurement process . 64
6.3.3 Site analysis . 65
6.3.4 Case A evaluation . 66
6.3.5 Case B evaluation . 66
6.3.6 Uncertainty . 67
6.3.7 Reporting . 67
6.4 Averaging procedures . 67
6.4.1 Spatial averaging . 67
6.4.2 Time averaging . 68
7 Determining the evaluation method . 68

7.1 Overview. 68
7.2 Process to determine the evaluation method . 68
7.2.1 General . 68
7.2.2 Establishing the evaluation points in relation to the source-environment
plane . 69
7.2.3 Exposure metric selection . 70
8 Evaluation methods . 71
8.1 General . 71
8.2 Measurement methods . 72
8.2.1 General . 72
8.2.2 RF field strength and power density measurements . 72
8.2.3 SAR measurements . 73
8.3 Computation methods . 74
8.4 Methods for assessment based on actual maximum approach . 76
8.4.1 General requirements . 76
8.4.2 Actual transmitted power or EIRP monitoring . 76
8.4.3 Actual transmitted power or EIRP control . 77
8.5 Methods for the assessment of RF exposure to multiple sources . 78
8.6 Methods for establishing the BS transmitted power or EIRP . 79
9 Uncertainty . 80
10 Reporting. 81
10.1 General requirements . 81
10.2 Report format . 81
10.3 Opinions and interpretations . 82
Annex A (informative) Source-environment plane and guidance on the evaluation
method selection . 83
A.1 Guidance on the source-environment plane .
...