IEC 60867:2022

Insulating liquids - Specifications for unused liquids based on synthetic aromatic hydrocarbons

IEC 60867:2022 covers specifications and test methods for unused synthetic aromatic hydrocarbons intended for use as insulating liquid in cables and capacitors.

Isolants liquides - Spécifications pour les liquides neufs à base d'hydrocarbures aromatiques de synthèse

L'IEC 60867:2022 établit les spécifications et les méthodes d'essai pour les hydrocarbures aromatiques de synthèse neufs, destinés à être utilisés comme isolants liquides dans les câbles et les condensateurs.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 27-Oct-2022
• ICS: 29.040.10 - Insulating oils
• Technical Committee: TC 10 - Fluids for electrotechnical applications
• Drafting Committee: MT 39 - TC 10/MT 39
• Current Stage: PPUB - Publication issued
• Start Date: 25-Nov-2022
• Completion Date: 28-Oct-2022

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC 60867
®

Edition 3.0 2022-10
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside


Insulating liquids – Specifications for unused liquids based on synthetic
aromatic hydrocarbons

Isolants liquides – Spécifications pour les liquides neufs à base d'hydrocarbures
aromatiques de synthèse

IEC 60867:2022-10(en-fr)

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IEC 60867

®


Edition 3.0 2022-10




INTERNATIONAL



STANDARD




NORME


INTERNATIONALE
colour

inside










Insulating liquids – Specifications for unused liquids based on synthetic

aromatic hydrocarbons



Isolants liquides – Spécifications pour les liquides neufs à base d'hydrocarbures

aromatiques de synthèse
















INTERNATIONAL

ELECTROTECHNICAL

COMMISSION


COMMISSION

ELECTROTECHNIQUE


INTERNATIONALE




ICS 29.040.10 ISBN 978-2-8322-5901-6




Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.

Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.

® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale

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– 2 – IEC 60867:2022 © IEC 2022
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 Identification and general delivery requirements . 9
5 Sampling . 9
6 Test methods . 9
6.1 Appearance . 9
6.2 Density . 9
6.3 Kinematic viscosity . 9
6.4 Flash point . 9
6.5 Pour point . 9
6.6 Acidity . 9
6.7 Chlorine content. 10
6.8 Water content . 10
6.9 Corrosive and potentially corrosive sulphur . 10
6.10 Additives . 10
6.11 Breakdown voltage . 10
6.12 Dielectric dissipation factor and volume resistivity . 10
6.13 Gassing tendency . 10
6.14 Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs) content. 10
7 Specifications for capacitor and cable alkylbenzenes . 10
8 Specifications for capacitor alkyldiphenylethanes . 10
9 Specifications for capacitor alkylnaphthalenes . 11
10 Specifications for capacitor methylpolyarylmethanes . 11
Annex A (informative) Test method for determination of chlorine content . 15
A.1 Test method for determination of total chloride . 15
A.1.1 Reagents . 15
A.1.2 Apparatus . 15
A.1.3 Procedure . 15
A.1.4 Calculation . 16
A.2 Test method for determination of organic chloride . 16
Annex B (informative) IR spectra of typical synthetic aromatic hydrocarbons . 17
B.1 IR spectra typical of the family of alkylbenzenes . 17
B.2 Alkyldiphenylethanes . 18
B.3 Alkylnaphtalenes – typified by 1-methylnaphthalene . 19
B.4 Methylpolyarylmethanes. 19
Bibliography . 21

Figure B.1 – IR spectra of branched alkylbenzenes . 17
Figure B.2 – IR spectra of linear alkylbenzenes . 18
Figure B.3 – IR spectrum of phenylxylylethane (PXE) . 18
Figure B.4 – IR spectrum of 1-methylnaphthalene . 19
Figure B.5 – IR spectrum of monobenzyltoluene (MBT) . 19

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IEC 60867:2022 © IEC 2022 – 3 –
Figure B.6 – IR spectrum of dibenzyltoluene (DBT) . 20

Table 1 – Specifications for capacitor and cable alkylbenzenes . 12
Table 2 – Specifications for capacitor alkyldiphenylethanes and alkylnaphthalenes . 13
Table 3 – Specifications for capacitor methylpolyarylmethanes . 14

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– 4 – IEC 60867:2022 © IEC 2022
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

INSULATING LIQUIDS – SPECIFICATIONS FOR UNUSED LIQUIDS
BASED ON SYNTHETIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 60867 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 10: Fluids for electrotechnical
applications. It is an International Standard.
This third edition cancels a replaces the second edition published in 1993. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) The Scope has been changed from applications in electrical equipment to applications
limited to cables and capacitors.
b) IEC 62021-1, IEC 62021-2 and IEC 62021-3 are all acceptable for synthetic aromatic
hydrocarbons and references to individual parts have been replaced by references to the
IEC 62021 series.

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IEC 60867:2022 © IEC 2022 – 5 –
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
10/1186/FDIS 10/1188/RVD

Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

IMPORTANT – The "colour inside" logo on the cover page of this document indicates that it
contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its
contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.

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– 6 – IEC 60867:2022 © IEC 2022
INTRODUCTION
WARNING – Health and safety
This document does not purport to address all the safety problems associated with its use. It is
the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate health and safety
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
The synthetic aromatic hydrocarbon insulating liquids which are the subject of this document
should be handled with due regard to personal hygiene. Direct contact with the eyes can cause
irritation. In the case of eye contact, irrigation with copious quantities of clean running water
should be carried out and medical advice sought. Some of the tests specified in this document
involve the use of processes that could lead to a hazardous situation. Attention is drawn to the
relevant standard for guidance.
WARNING – Environment
This document is applicable to synthetic aromatic hydrocarbon insulating liquids, chemicals and
used sample containers. The disposal of these items can be subject to regulatory requirements
with regard to their impact on the environment. Every precaution should be taken to prevent
release of insulating liquids into the environment.

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IEC 60867:2022 © IEC 2022 – 7 –
INSULATING LIQUIDS – SPECIFICATIONS FOR UNUSED LIQUIDS
BASED ON SYNTHETIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS



1 Scope
This document covers specifications and test methods for unused synthetic aromatic
hydrocarbons intended for use as insulating liquid in cables and capacitors.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60156, Insulating liquids – Determination of the breakdown voltage at power frequency –
Test method
IEC 60247, Insulating liquids – Measurement of relative permittivity, dielectric dissipation factor
(tanδ) and d.c. resistivity
IEC 60475, Method of sampling insulating liquids
IEC 60628, Gassing of insulating liquids under electrical stress and ionization
IEC 60666, Detection and determination of specified additives in mineral insulating oils
IEC 60814, Insulating liquids – Oil-impregnated paper and pressboard – Determination of water
by automatic coulometric Karl Fischer titration
IEC 61619, Insulating liquids – Contamination by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) – Method
of determination by capillary column gas chromatography
IEC 61620, Insulating liquids – Determination of the dielectric dissipation factor by
measurement of the conductance and capacitance – Test method
IEC 62021 (all parts), Insulating liquids – Determination of acidity
IEC 62535, Insulating liquids – Test method for detection potentially corrosive sulphur in used
and unused insulating oil
ISO 2592, Petroleum and related products – Determination of flash point – Cleveland open cup
method (PMOC)
ISO 3016, Petroleum and related products from natural or synthetic sources – Determination of
pour point
ISO 3104, Petroleum products – Transparent and opaque liquids – Determination of kinematic
viscosity and calculation of dynamic viscosity
ISO 3675, Crude petroleum and liquid petroleum products – Laboratory determination of density
– Hydrometer method

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– 8 – IEC 60867:2022 © IEC 2022
ISO 9562, Water quality – Determination of adsorbable organically bound halogens (AOX)
ISO 12185, Crude petroleum and petroleum products – Determination of density – Oscillating
U-tube method
ASTM D1275, Standard test method for corrosive sulfur in electrical insulating liquids
ASTM D4929, Standard Test Method for Determination of Organic Chloride Content in Crude
Oil
ASTM D7042, Standard Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of Liquids by Stabinger
Viscometer (and the Calculation of Kinematic Viscosity)
ASTM D7536, Standard Test Method for Chlorine in Aromatics by Monochromatic Wavelength
Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
DIN 51353, Testing of insulating oils; detection of corrosive sulfur; Silver strip test
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
alkylbenzenes
insulating liquids consisting of a benzene ring and an alkyl group where the alkyl group can be
a straight chain or a branched-chain type
Note 1 to entry: Examples of IR spectra are given in Annex B.
3.2
alkyldiphenylethanes
insulating liquids consisting of diphenylethanes derivatives where the two aryl groups normally
carry short alkyl groups
Note 1 to entry: Examples of IR spectra are given in Annex B.
3.3
alkylnaphthalenes
insulating liquids consisting of a naphthalene structure with substituent alkyl groups
Note 1 to entry: Examples of IR spectra are given in Annex B.
3.4
methylpolyarylmethanes
insulating liquids consisting of methylpolyarylm ethanes derivatives mainly based on a blend of
mono/di-benzyl toluene (M/DBT)
Note 1 to entry: Examples of IR spectra are given in Annex B.

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IEC 60867:2022 © IEC 2022 – 9 –
4 Identification and general delivery requirements
Identification and general delivery requirements are as follows:
a) The synthetic aromatic hydrocarbons type of liquid is normally delivered in bulk, rail-tank
cars, tank containers or packed in drums or intermediate bulk containers (IBC). These shall
be clean and suitable for this purpose to avoid any contamination. The supplier shall take
all the precautions to ensure the delivery product will be in accordance with the requirements
of this document.
b) Drums and sample containers shall carry at least the following markings:
– supplier's designation;
– labelling in accordance with the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and
Labelling of Chemicals (GHS);
– liquid quantity.
c) As agreed between the supplier and purchaser each liquid delivery shall be accompanied
by a document specifying the supplier’s designation, labelling and compliance certificate. A
delivery shall be traceable to a manufactured batch.
d) The supplier shall declare the generic type of all additives, and the concentrations in the
case of antioxidants and passivators.
5 Sampling
Sampling shall be carried out in accordance with the procedure described in IEC 60475.
6 Test methods
6.1 Appearance
Appearance shall be evaluated by examining, in transmitted light, a representative sample of
the liquid having a thickness of approximately 10 cm, at ambient temperature.
6.2 Density
Density shall be measured in accordance with ISO 12185 (reference method). ISO 3675 and
ASTM D7042 are acceptable.
6.3 Kinematic viscosity
Kinematic viscosity shall be measured according to ISO 3104 (reference method) or ASTM
D7042.
6.4 Flash point
Flash point shall be determined according to ISO 2592.
6.5 Pour point
Pour point shall be determined according to ISO 3016.
6.6 Acidity
Acidity shall be measured according to the IEC 62021 series. Any part of the IEC 62021 series
(IEC 62021-1 or IEC 62021-2 or IEC 62021-3) can be used.

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– 10 – IEC 60867:2022 © IEC 2022
6.7 Chlorine content
Chlorine content shall be determined using a test method according to ISO 9562 for the
determination of adsorbable organically bound halogens (AOX) or ASTM D4929 for the
determination of organic chloride content in crude oil or ASTM D7536 for the determination of
chlorine in aromatics by monochromatic wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence
spectrometry. The method described in Annex A can also be used.
6.8 Water content
Water content shall be determined according to IEC 60814.
6.9 Corrosive and potentially corrosive sulphur
Corrosive and potentially corrosive sulphur shall be determined according to DIN 51353 and
ASTM D1275 and IEC 62535.
6.10 Additives
The chemical family of all additives shall be declared in product data sheets and certificates of
compliance. For antioxidant additives and passivators (IEC 60666), their concentrations shall
also be stated.
6.11 Breakdown voltage
Breakdown voltage shall be determined according to IEC 60156.
6.12 Dielectric dissipation factor and volume resistivity
The properties shall be determined according to IEC 60247 (reference method) or IEC 61620.
6.13 Gassing tendency
The gassing shall be determined by Method A of IEC 60628.
NOTE Synthetic aromatic hydrocarbon compositions have been used as additive to improve the gassing tendency
of insulating liquids.
6.14 Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs) content
Synthetic aromatic hydrocarbons shall be free from PCBs. The reference test method is
IEC 61619.
NOTE Acceptable limits of total or individual PCBs are specified in national and local regulations. Further European
specifications are described in Directive 96/59/EC and UN Guidelines for the identification of PCBs and materials
containing PCBs.
7 Specifications for capacitor and cable alkylbenzenes
When tested in accordance with the methods specified in Clause 6, the properties of insulating
liquids based on alkylbenzenes which are intended for use as impregnant in capacitors and
hollow-core cables shall meet the requirements and specifications given in Table 1.
8 Specifications for capacitor alkyldiphenylethanes
When tested in accordance with the methods specified in Clause 6, the properties of insulating
liquids based on alkyldiphenylethanes used as impregnant in capacitors shall meet the
requirements and specifications given in Table 2.

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IEC 60867:2022 © IEC 2022 – 11 –
9 Specifications for capacitor alkylnaphthalenes
When tested in accordance with the methods specified in Clause 6 the properties of insulating
liquids based on alkylnaphthalenes used as impregnant in capacitors shall meet the
requirements and specifications given in Table 2.
10 Specifications for capacitor methylpolyarylmethanes
When tested in accordance with the methods specified in Clause 6, the properties of insulating
liquids based on methylpolyarylmethanes used as impregnant in capacitors shall meet the
requirements and specifications given in Table 3.

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– 12 – IEC 60867:2022 © IEC 2022
Table 1 – Specifications for capacitor and cable alkylbenzenes
Permissible
Permissible value
value
Property Test method
a
Cables type Capacitors
Type I Type II Type III
Physical

– Appearance Clear, no suspended matter or Clear, no
sediments suspended matter
or sediments
3 b
Max. Max. Max. Max. 0,880
– Density at 20 °C (kg/dm ) ISO 12185 , ISO 3675
0,880 0,880 0,885
or ASTM D7042
b
– Kinematic viscosity at < 6 6 to 11 11 to 50 Max. 5
ISO 3104 or
2
40 °C (mm /s) ASTM D7042
– Pour point (°C) ISO 3016 Max. −45 Max. −45 Max. −30 Max. −45
Chemical
– Acidity (mg KOH/g) IEC 62021 Max. 0,03 Max. 0,03
ISO 9562 or ASTM
– Chlorine content (mg/kg) Max. 30 Max. 30
D4929 or ASTM D7536.
Method described in
Annex A can also be
used.
c c
– Water content (mg/kg) IEC 60814
Max. 75 Max. 75
– Corrosive sulphur DIN 51353 Not corrosive Not corrosive
– Corrosive sulphur ASTM D1275 Not corrosive Not corrosive
– Potentially corrosive IEC 62535 Not corrosive Not corrosive
sulphur
d
IEC 60666 ≤ 1,0 ≤ 1,0
– All Additives (%)
Electrical
e e e e
– Breakdown voltage (kV) IEC 60156
Min. 35 /70 Min. 35 /70
c c
– Volume resistivity at 90 °C
IEC 60247 or IEC 61620
Min. 500 Min. 500
(GΩ · m)
c c
– Dielectric dissipation IEC 60247 or IEC 61620
Max. 0,002 Max. 0,002
factor, tanδ at 90 °C and
40 Hz to 60 Hz
f
IEC 60628/Method A Max. −20 Max. −20
– Gassing tendency
3
(mm /min)
g
IEC 60247 or IEC 61620 2,20 to 2,40 2,20 to 2,40
– Permittivity
Health, safety and environment (HSE)
– Flash point (°C) ISO 2592 Min. 110 Min. 130 Min. 150 Min. 110
– PCB content (mg/k
...