IEC 60436:2015
(Main)Electric dishwashers for household use - Methods for measuring the performance
Electric dishwashers for household use - Methods for measuring the performance
IEC 60436:2015 applies to electric dishwashers for household and similar use that are supplied with hot and/or cold water. The object is to state and define the principal performance characteristics of electric dishwashers for household and similar use and to describe the standard methods of measuring these characteristics. This standard is concerned neither with safety nor with minimum performance requirements. This edition constitutes a technical revision and includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) Addition of a specification of the reference dishwasher G1222, addition of the microwave oven 752C, inclusion of standby/low power modes and updated cutlery and tableware items.
b) Combined cleaning and drying: combining the cleaning and drying performance evaluations into one test, along with the energy and water consumption evaluation, prevents an opportunity for circumvention if tests were performed separately. A dishwasher can detect whether soil is present (cleaning evaluation) or not (drying evaluation) and adjust the cycle to favour performance; combining the tests addresses this.
c) New dish load items: new dish load items were incorporated which reflect consumer use. New items are: stainless pots, coffee mugs, melamine plastic items, and glass bowl. The new load items provide different shapes which challenge a dishwasher water spray patterns and provide additional surfaces for soil removal assessment.
d) Detergent: a new detergent "D" is specified which mirrors current tablet formulations available on the market. Detergent type D is phosphate free, with percarbonate instead of perborate bleach and more active enzymes.
e) Repeatability and reproducibility improvements.
f) Addition of annexes for the evaluation of soil sensing programmes, rinsing performance, dishwasher filtration and of an annex on the inlet water temperature influence on energy consumption.
The contents of the corrigendum of September 2020 have been included in this copy.
Lave-vaisselle électriques à usage domestique - Méthodes de mesure de l'aptitude à la fonction
L'IEC 60436:2015 s'applique aux lave-vaisselle électriques à usage domestique et similaire alimentés en eau chaude et/ou froide. L'objet de la présente norme est d'établir et de définir les caractéristiques principales d'aptitude à la fonction des lave-vaisselle électriques à usage domestique et similaire et de décrire les méthodes normalisées de mesure de ces caractéristiques. La présente norme ne traite ni des exigences de sécurité ni des exigences minimales relatives à l'aptitude à la fonction. Cette édition constitue une révision technique et inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente:
a) Ajout d'une spécification du lave-vaisselle de référence G1222, ajout d'un four à micro-ondes 752C, insertion des modes veille/basse puissance et des couverts et articles de table renouvelés.
b) Nettoyage et séchage combinés: la combinaison des évaluationsd'aptitude au nettoyage et au séchage dans un essai unique, ainsi que l'évaluation relative à la consommation d'eau et d'énergie, empêchent les possibilités de contournement si les essais ont été effectués séparément. Un lave-vaisselle peut détecter la présence (évaluation de nettoyage) ou l'absence (évaluation de séchage) de salissures et ajuster le cycle pour favoriser l'aptitude à la fonction; les essais sont combinés à cette fin.
c) Nouveaux articles de charge: de nouveaux articles de charge ont été incorporés pour refléter l'utilisation du consommateur. Les nouveaux articles sont: marmites en acier inoxydable, tasses à café, articles en mélamine et bols en verre. Les nouveaux articles de charge aux formes différentes défient les systèmes de pulvérisation d'eau du lave-vaisselle et fournissent des surfaces supplémentaires pour l'évaluation d élimination de la salissure.
d) Détergent: un nouveau détergent "D" est spécifié et reflète les formulations des produits actuellement sur le marché. Le détergent de type D ne renferme pas de phosphate, contient un agent de blanchiment au perborate et non au percarbonate et possède un plus grand nombre d'enzymes actives.
e) Améliorations relatives à la répétabilité et à la reproductibilité.
f) Ajout d'annexes pour l'évaluation des programmes de détection de la salissure, de l'aptitude au rinçage et d'une annexe relative à l'influence de la température d'entrée d'eau sur la consommation d'énergie.
Le contenu du corrigendum de septembre 2020 a été pris en considération dans cet exemplaire.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
IEC 60436 ®
Edition 4.0 2015-10
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Electric dishwashers for household use – Methods for measuring the
performance
Lave-vaisselle électriques à usage domestique – Méthodes de mesure de
l’aptitude à la fonction
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IEC 60436 ®
Edition 4.0 2015-10
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Electric dishwashers for household use – Methods for measuring the
performance
Lave-vaisselle électriques à usage domestique – Méthodes de mesure de
l’aptitude à la fonction
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 97.040.40 ISBN 978-2-8322-2970-5
– 2 – IEC 60436:2015 © IEC 2015
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 7
INTRODUCTION . 9
1 Scope . 10
2 Normative references . 10
3 Terms, definitions and symbols . 10
3.1 Terms and definitions. 10
3.2 Symbols . 14
3.2.1 Symbols related to the application of egg (6.4.5.3) . 14
3.2.2 Symbols related to the calculation of the drying index (7.2.3) . 14
3.2.3 Symbols related to the calculation of the cleaning index (7.3.2) . 14
3.2.4 Symbols related to the measurements (Clause 8 and Annex U) . 15
3.2.5 Symbols related to the microwave calibration (Annex F) . 15
4 List of measurements . 15
5 General conditions for measurements . 16
5.1 General . 16
5.1.1 General information . 16
5.1.2 Free standing dishwashers . 16
5.1.3 Built-in and integrated dishwashers . 16
5.2 Sequence of test procedures and conditioning of the test machine . 17
5.3 Electricity supply for machines . 17
5.3.1 Electricity supply for test machine . 17
5.3.2 Electricity supply for the reference machine . 17
5.4 Test programme . 18
5.5 Ambient conditions . 18
5.6 Water . 18
5.6.1 General . 18
5.6.2 Water temperature . 18
5.6.3 Water hardness . 19
5.6.4 Water pressure . 19
5.7 Detergent . 19
5.8 Rinse aid . 20
5.9 Salt . 20
6 Combined cleaning and drying performance tests . 20
6.1 General and purpose . 20
6.2 Load . 20
6.2.1 Composition of the test load . 20
6.2.2 Requirements for pre-conditioning of new tableware . 21
6.2.3 Requirements for conditioning of tableware . 21
6.2.4 Requirements for re-conditioning tableware . 21
6.3 Soiling agents and preparation equipment . 21
6.4 Preparation and application of soiling agents . 22
6.4.1 General . 22
6.4.2 Milk . 22
6.4.3 Tea . 24
6.4.4 Minced meat . 26
6.4.5 Egg. 27
6.4.6 Oat flakes . 28
6.4.7 Spinach . 28
6.4.8 Margarine . 29
6.5 Drying of the soiled tableware items . 30
6.5.1 General . 30
6.5.2 Oven drying method . 30
6.5.3 Air drying method . 31
6.6 Loading and operating . 31
6.6.1 Loading . 31
6.6.2 Operating . 32
7 Combined cleaning and drying performance assessment . 32
7.1 General requirements . 32
7.2 Determination of the drying performance. 33
7.2.1 General requirements to enable subsequent cleaning assessment . 33
7.2.2 Drying assessment procedure . 33
7.2.3 Calculation of the drying index . 35
7.3 Determination of the cleaning performance . 37
7.3.1 General . 37
7.3.2 Calculation of the cleaning index . 39
7.3.3 Dishwasher filter systems . 40
7.3.4 Assessing ln W . 40
C
7.4 Results . 41
7.4.1 Expressing drying results . 41
7.4.2 Expressing cleaning results . 41
8 Energy consumption, water consumption, cycle time and programme time . 41
8.1 General and purpose . 41
8.2 Method of measurement . 42
8.2.1 General . 42
8.2.2 Energy consumption . 42
8.2.3 Hot water energy . 42
8.2.4 Water consumption . 43
8.2.5 Time . 43
9 Airborne acoustical noise. 43
Annex A (normative) Place settings and serving pieces . 44
A.1 General information . 44
A.2 Test load specifications . 44
Annex B (informative) Tableware specifications . 48
Annex C (normative) Illustration of soil application quantities . 57
C.1 Soil application . 57
C.1.1 Soil application example for type A tableware items . 57
C.1.2 Soil application example for type B tableware items . 57
C.1.3 Soil application on the serving pieces . 58
C.1.4 Soil application quantities for different rated dishwasher capacities . 59
Annex D (informative) Pictures of the soiled items . 60
Annex E (normative) Test additives. 64
E.1 General . 64
E.2 Detergent . 64
E.3 Rinse aid . 64
– 4 – IEC 60436:2015 © IEC 2015
E.4 Salt . 65
Annex F (normative) Microwave oven . 66
F.1 Specification of the microwave oven . 66
F.2 Calibration of the microwave oven . 66
Annex G (normative) Through-circulation thermal cabinet . 68
G.1 Specification of the thermal cabinet . 68
G.2 Calibration of the thermal cabinet . 68
Annex H (informative) Alternate cleaning and drying assessment tables . 70
H.1 General . 70
H.2 Alternate drying performance table . 70
H.3 Alternate cleaning performance table . 71
Annex I (normative) Description of the reference machine . 73
I.1 Specification of the reference machine . 73
I.1.1 General . 73
I.1.2 General specifications . 73
I.1.3 Guidelines for performance values . 74
I.2 Installation and use of the reference machine . 74
I.3 Specification check of the reference machine . 74
I.3.1 General . 74
I.3.2 Checking spray arm rotation . 75
I.3.3 Checking the water hardness . 75
I.3.4 Checking the energy consumption and water consumption . 75
I.3.5 Checking the water level in the sump . 75
I.3.6 Checking the water temperature in the sump . 75
I.3.7 Checking the cycle time . 76
I.3.8 Checking the cleaning and drying performance . 76
I.4 Reference machine loading plan . 76
Annex J (informative) Shade chart . 78
J.1 General . 78
J.2 Classification of shade numbers . 78
Annex K (normative) Additional aspects of energy consumption of dishwashers . 79
K.1 General . 79
K.2 Determination of left on mode power . 81
K.3 Determination of left on mode duration . 82
K.4 Determination of end of cycle mode power . 82
K.5 Determination of end of cycle mode duration . 83
K.6 Determination of off mode power . 83
K.7 Determination of delay start mode power . 83
Annex L (informative) Addresses of suppliers . 84
L.1 General suppliers . 84
L.2 Alternative suppliers . 88
L.2.1 General . 88
L.2.2 Alternative food soils . 88
Annex M (informative) Test report format . 89
M.1 General . 89
M.2 Machine description . 89
M.3 Laboratory details . 89
M.4 Test Conditions . 89
M.5 Test Results and measurements . 89
M.5.1 Setup . 89
M.5.2 Results . 89
Annex N (normative) Test enclosure for built-in and integrated dishwashers . 91
Annex O (informative) Internal evaluation guidelines . 92
Annex P (informative) Test procedure for sensing programmes. 93
P.1 General . 93
P.2 General conditions . 93
P.3 Loading . 94
P.4 Soiling . 94
P.5 Measured data . 94
Annex Q (informative) Additional rinse performance evaluation . 95
Q.1 General . 95
Q.2 General conditions . 95
Q.3 Loading . 95
Q.4 Evaluation . 95
Q.5 Measured data . 96
Annex R (informative) Dishwasher filtration evaluation . 98
R.1 General . 98
R.2 General conditions . 98
R.3 Test procedure. 98
R.3.1 General . 98
R.3.2 Coffee grounds . 98
R.3.3 Spinach . 100
R.4 Evaluation . 100
Annex S (Informative) Flow chart – test sequence for IEC 60436 . 103
Annex T (normative) Instrumentation and accuracy . 104
Annex U (informative) Inlet water temperature influence on energy consumption . 105
U.1 General . 105
U.2 Cold water energy correction . 105
U.3 Correlating energy consumption tests with different cold water inlet
temperatures . 106
U.3.1 General . 106
U.3.2 Estimating regional energy consumption from standard cold water
temperature . 107
U.3.3 Estimating standard energy consumption from regional cold water
temperature . 107
Bibliography . 109
Figure 1 – Position of the glasses on the microwave turntable . 24
Figure 2 – The thermal cabinet for pre-drying of soiled cups, mugs and saucers . 25
Figure 3 – Schematic view of the different beef pieces . 26
Figure 4 – The thermal cabinet with soiled load items (30 place settings) . 30
Figure G.1 – Location of the thermocouple on upper, intermediate and lower wire
shelves . 69
Figure K.1 – Measurement procedure for low power modes (Left on mode and Off
mode) . 80
Figure K.2 – Measurement procedure for low power mode (End of cycle mode) . 81
– 6 – IEC 60436:2015 © IEC 2015
Figure N.1 – Test enclosure for built-in and integrated dishwashers . 91
Figure Q.1 – Example for an assessment light box . 96
Figure Q.2 – Photo catalogue to assess spots on glasses . 97
Table 1 – Evaluation of the drying performance . 34
Table 2 – Evaluation to determine the drying performance . 35
Table 3 – Evaluation of the cleaning performance . 38
Table 4 – Evaluation to determine the cleaning performance . 38
Table 5 – Numerical Values of the t-factor for statistical calculations . 40
Table A.1 – Specifications of tableware items . 45
Table A.2 – Composition of test loads . 46
Table B.1 – Tableware specifications . 48
Table C.1 – Soil application example for type A tableware items . 57
Table C.2 – Soil application example for type B tableware items . 58
Table C.3 – Soil application on the serving pieces . 58
Table C.4 – Soil application quantities for different rated dishwasher capacities . 59
Table E.1 – Ingredients of reference detergent type D . 64
Table E.2 – Ingredients of reference rinse aid III . 65
Table H.1 – Alternate drying performance table . 70
Table H.2 – Alternate cleaning performance table . 71
Table J.1 – Shade chart . 78
Table P.1 – Test scenarios for testing the sensing programme . 93
Table P.2 – Example for a one week schedule . 94
Table R.1 – Evaluation to determine the cleaning performance . 101
Table R.2 – Soil application on the serving pieces . 102
Table R.3 – Soil application quantities for different rated dishwasher capacities . 102
Table T.1 – Specification of instruments . 104
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
ELECTRIC DISHWASHERS FOR HOUSEHOLD USE –
METHODS FOR MEASURING THE PERFORMANCE
FOREWORD
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
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International Standard IEC 60436 has been prepared by subcommittee 59A: Electric
dishwashers, of IEC technical committee 59: Performance of household electrical appliances.
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2004, its Amendment 1
published in 2009 and its Amendment 2 published in 2012.
This edition constitutes a technical revision and includes the following significant technical
changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) Addition of a specification of the reference dishwasher G1222, addition of the microwave
oven 752C, inclusion of standby/low power modes and updated cutlery and tableware
items.
b) Combined cleaning and drying: combining the cleaning and drying performance
evaluations into one test, along with the energy and water consumption evaluation,
prevents an opportunity for circumvention if tests were performed separately. A
dishwasher can detect whether soil is present (cleaning evaluation) or not (drying
– 8 – IEC 60436:2015 © IEC 2015
evaluation) and adjust the cycle to favour performance; combining the tests addresses
this.
c) New dish load items: new dish load items were incorporated which reflect consumer use.
New items are: stainless pots, coffee mugs, melamine plastic items, and glass bowl. The
new load items provide different shapes which challenge a dishwasher water spray
patterns and provide additional surfaces for soil removal assessment.
d) Detergent: a new detergent “D” is specified which mirrors current tablet formulations
available on the market. Detergent type D is phosphate free, with percarbonate instead of
perborate bleach and more active enzymes.
e) Repeatability and reproducibility improvements.
f) Addition of annexes for the evaluation of soil sensing programmes, rinsing performance,
dishwasher filtration and of an annex on the inlet water temperature influence on energy
consumption.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
59A/202/FDIS 59A/203/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The following print type is used in this standard:
– words in bold are defined in Clause 3.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
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INTRODUCTION
The history of this fourth edition of IEC 60436 is provided as follows:
– Discussion began during the Sydney Australia meeting in September 2008.
– A first working draft was developed and discussed during the Seattle USA meeting in
October 2010.
– A questionnaire (59A/149/Q) regarding proposed changes was published January 2011.
Responses (59A/153/RQ) were reviewed during a meeting in Bonn Germany April 2011
and published May 2011.
– A Document for Comment (59A/155/DC) was published May 2011. Review of responses
(59A/164/INF) began during the Melbourne Australia meeting in October 2011.
– A Committee Draft (59A/168/CD) was published May 2012. Review of responses
(59A/170/CC) began during the Oslo Norway meeting in October 2012.
– A second Committee Draft (59A/175/CD) was published May 2013. Review of responses
(59A/177/CC) began during the New Delhi India meeting in October 2013.
– Committee Documents for Vote (59A/183/CDV and 59A/184/CDV) were published June
2014. 59A/183/CDV (fragment 1) contained the complete edition 4, except for some Annex
U content; 59A/184/CDV (fragment 2) contained additional Annex U content. Review of
responses (59A/190b/RVC and 59A/191b/RVC for fragments 1 and 2) began during the
Tokyo Japan meeting in October 2014.
– The FDIS document was prepared for publication built upon this history of work.
A Round Robin Test (RRT) has been planned and will be carried out using edition 4. Results
from the RRT will be available after the edition 4 is published. Edition 4 updates, if needed,
will be incorporated into edition 4 Amendment 1.
– 10 – IEC 60436:2015 © IEC 2015
ELECTRIC DISHWASHERS FOR HOUSEHOLD USE –
METHODS FOR MEASURING THE PERFORMANCE
1 Scope
This International Standard applies to electric dishwashers for household and similar use
that are supplied with hot and/or cold water.
The object is to state and define the principal performance characteristics of electric
dishwashers for household and similar use and to describe the standard methods of
measuring these characteristics.
This standard is concerned neither with safety nor with minimum performance requirements.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60704-2-3, Household and similar electrical appliances – Test code for the determination
of airborne acoustical noise – Part 2-3: Particular requirements for dishwashers
IEC 60705, Household microwave ovens – Methods for measuring performance
IEC 60734, Household electrical appliances – Performance – Water for testing
IEC 62301, Household electrical appliances – Measurement of standby power
ISO 607, Surface active agents and detergents – Methods of sample division
ISO 80000-1:2009, Quantities and Units – Part 1: General
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1.1
dishwasher
machine that cleans, rinses and dries tableware by chemical, mechanical, thermal, and
electric means
Note 1 to entry: A dishwasher can have a specific drying operation at the end of the programme.
Note 2 to entry: Different dishwasher types are designated by manufacturers e.g. free-standing, built-in or
integrated.
3.1.2
free-standing dishwasher
dishwasher which is intended to be installed without an enclosing structure
3.1.3
built-in dishwasher
dishwasher which is intended to be installed inside an enclosing structure such as a kitchen
cupboard
3.1.4
integrated dishwasher
built-in dishwasher which is designed to have a board fitted to the dishwasher door
3.1.5
test machine
dishwasher under test
3.1.6
reference machine
dishwasher used to standardise cleaning and drying performance measurements
Note 1 to entry: A reference machine is specified for use in this standard (see Annex I).
3.1.7
test run
single cycle performance assessment
3.1.8
test series
set of test runs which are collectively used to assess the performance
3.1.9
tableware
dishware, glassware, cutlery and serving pieces used according to this standard to test a
dishwasher
3.1.10
place setting
set of tableware for the use by one person, not including serving pieces
Note 1 to entry: A place setting is comprised of different items used for breakfast and lunch (type A); and dessert
and dinner (type B).
3.1.11
serving pieces
set of items for preparation and serving of food which can include pots, serving bowls, serving
cutlery and a platter
3.1.12
rated dishwasher capacity
whole number of place settings together with the serving pieces which can be cleaned and
dried in one cycle when loaded in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions
Note 1 to entry: The rated dishwasher capacity is declared by the manufacturer and expressed as a number of
place settings.
3.1.13
operation
each event that occurs during the dishwasher programme such as cleaning, rinsing or drying
3.1.14
programme
series of operations which are pre-defined within the dishwasher and which are declared as
suitable for specified levels of soil and/or type of load and together form a complete cycle
– 12 – IEC 60436:2015 © IEC 2015
3.1.15
cycle
complete cleaning, rinsing, and drying process, as defined by the programme selected,
consisting of a series of operations until all activity ceases
3.1.16
cycle time
length of time beginning with the initiation of the cycle (of the selected programme),
excluding any user programmed delay, until all activity ceases (i.e. the end of the cycle)
3.1.17
programme time
length of time beginning with the in
...
IEC 60436 ®
Edition 4.1 2020-05
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Electric dishwashers for household use – Methods for measuring
the performance
Lave-vaisselle électriques à usage domestique – Méthodes de mesure
de l’aptitude à la fonction
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IEC 60436 ®
Edition 4.1 2020-05
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Electric dishwashers for household use – Methods for measuring
the performance
Lave-vaisselle électriques à usage domestique – Méthodes de mesure
de l’aptitude à la fonction
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 97.040.40 ISBN 978-2-8322-8442-1
IEC 60436 ®
Edition 4.1 2020-05
REDLINE VERSION
VERSION REDLINE
colour
inside
Electric dishwashers for household use – Methods for measuring
the performance
Lave-vaisselle électriques à usage domestique – Méthodes de mesure
de l’aptitude à la fonction
– 2 – IEC 60436:2015+AMD1:2020 CSV
© IEC 2020
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 8
INTRODUCTION . 10
1 Scope . 11
2 Normative references . 11
3 Terms, definitions and symbols . 11
3.1 Terms and definitions. 11
3.2 Symbols . 15
3.2.1 Symbols related to the application of egg (6.4.5.3) . 15
3.2.2 Symbols related to the calculation of the drying index (7.2.3) . 16
3.2.3 Symbols related to the calculation of the cleaning index (7.3.2) . 16
3.2.4 Symbols related to the measurements (Clause 8 and Annex U) . 16
3.2.5 Symbols related to the microwave calibration (Annex F) . 17
4 List of measurements . 17
5 General conditions for measurements . 17
5.1 General . 17
5.1.1 General information . 17
5.1.2 Free standing dishwashers . 18
5.1.3 Built-in and integrated dishwashers . 18
5.2 Sequence of test procedures and conditioning of the test machine . 18
5.3 Electricity supply for machines . 19
5.3.1 Electricity supply for test machine . 19
5.3.2 Electricity supply for the reference machine . 19
5.4 Test programme . 19
5.5 Ambient conditions . 20
5.6 Water . 20
5.6.1 General . 20
5.6.2 Water temperature . 20
5.6.3 Water hardness . 21
5.6.4 Water pressure . 21
5.7 Detergent . 21
5.8 Rinse aid . 21
5.9 Salt . 22
5.10 Intermittently recurring functions . 22
5.10.1 Provision of information . 22
5.10.2 Impact of intermittently recurring functions on reproducibility and the
validity of test results . 22
5.10.3 Treatment of intermittently recurring functions . 22
6 Combined cleaning and drying performance tests . 23
6.1 General and purpose . 23
6.2 Load . 23
6.2.1 Composition of the test load . 23
6.2.2 Requirements for pre-conditioning of new tableware . 23
6.2.3 Requirements for conditioning of tableware . 23
6.2.4 Requirements for re-conditioning tableware . 24
6.3 Soiling agents and preparation equipment . 24
6.4 Preparation and application of soiling agents . 24
© IEC 2020
6.4.1 General . 24
6.4.2 Milk . 25
6.4.3 Tea . 27
6.4.4 Minced meat . 29
6.4.5 Egg. 30
6.4.6 Oat flakes . 31
6.4.7 Spinach . 31
6.4.8 Margarine . 32
6.5 Drying of the soiled tableware items . 33
6.5.1 General . 33
6.5.2 Oven drying method . 33
6.5.3 Air drying method . 35
6.6 Loading and operating . 35
6.6.1 Loading . 35
6.6.2 Operating . 35
7 Combined cleaning and drying performance assessment . 36
7.1 General requirements . 36
7.2 Determination of the drying performance. 36
7.2.1 General requirements to enable subsequent cleaning assessment . 36
7.2.2 Drying assessment procedure . 37
7.2.3 Calculation of the drying index . 39
7.3 Determination of the cleaning performance . 41
7.3.1 General . 41
7.3.2 Calculation of the cleaning index . 43
7.3.3 Dishwasher filter systems . 45
7.3.4 Assessing ln W . 45
C
7.4 Results . 46
7.4.1 Expressing drying results . 46
7.4.2 Expressing cleaning results . 46
8 Energy consumption, water consumption, cycle time and programme time . 46
8.1 General and purpose . 48
8.2 Method of measurement . 48
8.3 Method of evaluation . 48
8.3.1 General . 48
8.3.2 Energy consumption . 49
8.3.3 Hot water energy . 49
8.3.4 Water consumption . 50
8.3.5 Time . 50
9 Airborne acoustical noise. 50
Annex A (normative) Place settings and serving pieces . 51
A.1 General information . 51
A.2 Test load specifications . 51
Annex B (informative) Tableware specifications . 57
Annex C (normative) Illustration of soil application quantities . 65
C.1 Soil application . 65
C.1.1 Soil application example for type A tableware items . 65
C.1.2 Soil application example for type B tableware items . 65
C.1.3 Soil application on the serving pieces . 66
– 4 – IEC 60436:2015+AMD1:2020 CSV
© IEC 2020
C.1.4 Soil application quantities for different rated dishwasher capacities . 67
Annex D (informative) Pictures of the soiled items . 68
Annex E (normative) Test additives. 72
E.1 General . 72
E.2 Detergent . 72
E.3 Rinse aid . 72
E.4 Salt . 73
Annex F (normative) Microwave oven . 74
F.1 Specification of the microwave oven . 74
F.2 Calibration of the microwave oven . 74
Annex G (normative) Through-circulation thermal cabinet . 76
G.1 Specification of the thermal cabinet . 76
G.2 Calibration of the thermal cabinet . 76
Annex H (informative) Alternate cleaning and drying assessment tables . 78
H.1 General . 78
H.2 Alternate drying performance table . 78
H.3 Alternate cleaning performance table . 79
Annex I (normative) Description of the reference machine . 81
I.1 Specification of the reference machine . 81
I.1.1 General . 81
I.1.2 General specifications . 81
I.1.3 Guidelines for Specifications of performance values . 82
I.2 Installation and use of the reference machine . 82
I.3 Specification check of the reference machine . 82
I.3.1 General . 82
I.3.2 Checking spray arm rotation . 83
I.3.3 Checking the water hardness . 83
I.3.4 Checking the energy consumption and water consumption . 83
I.3.5 Checking the water level in the sump . 83
I.3.6 Checking the water temperature in the sump . 83
I.3.7 Checking the cycle time . 84
I.3.8 Checking the cleaning and drying performance . 84
I.4 Reference machine loading plan . 84
Annex J (informative) Shade chart . 86
J.1 General . 86
J.2 Classification of shade numbers . 86
Annex K (normative) Additional aspects of energy consumption of dishwashers . 87
K.1 General . 87
K.2 Determination of left-on mode power. 92
K.3 Determination of left on mode duration . 92
K.4 Determination of end of cycle programme mode power . 92
K.5 Determination of end-of-cycle programme mode duration. 93
K.6 Determination of off mode power . 93
K.7 Determination of delay start mode power . 94
Annex L (informative) Adresses of suppliers Suppliers of test materials . 95
Annex M (informative) Test report format . 100
M.1 General . 100
M.2 Machine description . 100
© IEC 2020
M.3 Laboratory details . 100
M.4 Test Conditions . 100
M.5 Test Results and measurements . 100
M.5.1 Setup . 100
M.5.2 Results . 100
Annex N (normative) Test enclosure for built-in and integrated dishwashers . 102
Annex O (informative) Internal evaluation guidelines . 103
Annex P (informative) Test procedure for sensing programmes. 104
P.1 General . 104
P.2 General conditions . 104
P.3 Loading . 105
P.4 Soiling . 105
P.5 Measured data . 105
Annex Q (informative) Additional rinse performance evaluation . 106
Q.1 General . 106
Q.2 General conditions . 106
Q.3 Loading . 106
Q.4 Evaluation . 106
Q.5 Measured data . 107
Annex R (informative) Dishwasher filtration evaluation . 109
R.1 General . 109
R.2 General conditions . 109
R.3 Test procedure. 109
R.3.1 General . 109
R.3.2 Coffee grounds . 109
R.3.3 Spinach . 111
R.4 Evaluation . 111
Annex S (Informative) Flow chart – test sequence for IEC 60436 evaluation of filter
systems . 114
Annex T (normative) Instrumentation and accuracy . 115
Annex U (informative) Inlet water temperature influence on energy consumption . 116
U.1 General . 116
U.2 Cold water energy correction . 116
U.3 Correlating energy consumption tests with different cold water inlet
temperatures . 117
U.3.1 General . 117
U.3.2 Estimating regional energy consumption from standard cold water
temperature . 118
U.3.3 Estimating standard energy consumption from regional cold water
temperature . 118
Annex V (informative) Testing intermittently recurring functions . 120
V.1 General . 120
V.2 Test series design . 120
V.3 Method of evaluation . 121
V.3.1 General . 121
V.3.2 Energy consumption . 122
V.3.3 Hot water energy . 122
V.3.4 Water consumption . 122
V.3.5 Time . 122
– 6 – IEC 60436:2015+AMD1:2020 CSV
© IEC 2020
V.4 Ballast soil . 122
V.4.1 Dose . 122
V.4.2 Preparation . 123
V.4.3 Storage . 123
V.4.4 Application. 123
Bibliography . 128
Figure 1 – Position of the glasses on the microwave turntable . 27
Figure 2 – The thermal cabinet for pre-drying of soiled cups, mugs and saucers . 28
Figure 3 – Schematic view of the different beef pieces . 29
Figure 4 – The thermal cabinet with soiled load items (30 place settings) . 34
Figure G.1 – Location of the thermocouple on upper, intermediate and lower wire
shelves . 77
Figure K.1 – Measurement procedure for low power modes (Left on mode and Off
mode) . 89
Figure K.2 – Measurement procedure for low power mode (End of cycle programme
mode and off mode) . 91
Figure K.3 – Required door position in the case of opened and unlatched door (left
picture) . 91
Figure N.1 – Test enclosure for built-in and integrated dishwashers . 102
Figure Q.1 – Example for an assessment light box . 107
Figure Q.2 – Photo catalogue to assess spots on glasses . 108
Figure V.1 – Flow chart showing the general test design for assessing intermittently
recurring functions . 124
Table 1 – Evaluation of the drying performance . 38
Table 2 – Evaluation to determine the drying performance . 39
Table 3 – Evaluation of the cleaning performance . 42
Table 4 – Evaluation to determine the cleaning performance . 43
Table 5 – Numerical Values of the t-factor for statistical calculations . 45
Table A.1 – Specifications of tableware items . 52
Table A.2 – Composition of test loads . 54
Table B.1 – Tableware specifications . 57
Table C.1 – Soil application example for type A tableware items . 65
Table C.2 – Soil application example for type B tableware items . 66
Table C.3 – Soil application on the serving pieces . 66
Table C.4 – Soil application quantities for different rated dishwasher capacities . 67
Table E.1 – Ingredients of reference detergent type D . 72
Table E.2 – Ingredients of reference rinse aid III . 73
Table H.1 – Alternate drying performance table . 78
Table H.2 – Alternate cleaning performance table . 79
Table J.1 – Shade chart . 86
Table P.1 – Test scenarios for testing the sensing programme . 104
Table P.2 – Example for a one week schedule . 105
Table R.1 – Evaluation to determine the cleaning performance . 112
© IEC 2020
Table R.2 – Soil application on the serving pieces . 113
Table R.3 – Soil application quantities for different rated dishwasher capacities . 113
Table T.1 – Specification of instruments . 115
Table V.1 – Intermittently recurring function data provided by the manufacturer /
supplier. 126
Table V.2 – Record of preparatory and trigger cycles carried out before and / or
between test cycles . 127
– 8 – IEC 60436:2015+AMD1:2020 CSV
© IEC 2020
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
ELECTRIC DISHWASHERS FOR HOUSEHOLD USE –
METHODS FOR MEASURING THE PERFORMANCE
FOREWORD
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5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
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6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This consolidated version of the official IEC Standard and its amendment(s) has been
prepared for user convenience.
IEC 60436 edition 4.1 contains the fourth edition (2015-10) [documents 59A/202/FDIS
and 59A/203/RVD] and its corrigendum (2020-09), and its amendment 1 (2020-05)
[documents 59A/229/FDIS and 59A/231/RVD].
In this Redline version, a vertical line in the margin shows where the technical content
is modified by amendment 1. Additions are in green text, deletions are in strikethrough
red text. A separate Final version with all changes accepted is available in this
publication.
© IEC 2020
International Standard IEC 60436 has been prepared by subcommittee 59A: Electric
dishwashers, of IEC technical committee 59: Performance of household electrical appliances.
This edition constitutes a technical revision and includes the following significant technical
changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) Addition of a specification of the reference dishwasher G1222, addition of the microwave
oven 752C, inclusion of standby/low power modes and updated cutlery and tableware
items.
b) Combined cleaning and drying: combining the cleaning and drying performance
evaluations into one test, along with the energy and water consumption evaluation,
prevents an opportunity for circumvention if tests were performed separately. A
dishwasher can detect whether soil is present (cleaning evaluation) or not (drying
evaluation) and adjust the cycle to favour performance; combining the tests addresses
this.
c) New dish load items: new dish load items were incorporated which reflect consumer use.
New items are: stainless pots, coffee mugs, melamine plastic items, and glass bowl. The
new load items provide different shapes which challenge a dishwasher water spray
patterns and provide additional surfaces for soil removal assessment.
d) Detergent: a new detergent “D” is specified which mirrors current tablet formulations
available on the market. Detergent type D is phosphate free, with percarbonate instead of
perborate bleach and more active enzymes.
e) Repeatability and reproducibility improvements.
f) Addition of annexes for the evaluation of soil sensing programmes, rinsing performance,
dishwasher filtration and of an annex on the inlet water temperature influence on energy
consumption.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The following print type is used in this standard:
– words in bold are defined in Clause 3.
The committee has decided that the contents of the base publication and its amendment will
remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under
"http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the
publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
– 10 – IEC 60436:2015+AMD1:2020 CSV
© IEC 2020
INTRODUCTION
The history of this fourth edition of IEC 60436 is provided as follows:
– Discussion began during the Sydney Australia meeting in September 2008.
– A first working draft was developed and discussed during the Seattle USA meeting in
October 2010.
– A questionnaire (59A/149/Q) regarding proposed changes was published January 2011.
Responses (59A/153/RQ) were reviewed during a meeting in Bonn Germany April 2011
and published May 2011.
– A Document for Comment (59A/155/DC) was published May 2011. Review of responses
(59A/164/INF) began during the Melbourne Australia meeting in October 2011.
– A Committee Draft (59A/168/CD) was published May 2012. Review of responses
(59A/170/CC) began during the Oslo Norway meeting in October 2012.
– A second Committee Draft (59A/175/CD) was published May 2013. Review of responses
(59A/177/CC) began during the New Delhi India meeting in October 2013.
– Committee Documents for Vote (59A/183/CDV and 59A/184/CDV) were published June
2014. 59A/183/CDV (fragment 1) contained the complete edition 4, except for some Annex
U content; 59A/184/CDV (fragment 2) contained additional Annex U content. Review of
responses (59A/190b/RVC and 59A/191b/RVC for fragments 1 and 2) began during the
Tokyo Japan meeting in October 2014.
– The FDIS document was prepared for publication built upon this history of work.
A Round Robin Test (RRT) has been planned and will be carried out using edition 4. Results
from the RRT will be available after the edition 4 is published. Edition 4 updates, if needed,
will be incorporated into edition 4 Amendment 1.
© IEC 2020
ELECTRIC DISHWASHERS FOR HOUSEHOLD USE –
METHODS FOR MEASURING THE PERFORMANCE
1 Scope
This International Standard applies to electric dishwashers for household and similar use
that are supplied with hot and/or cold water.
The object is to state and define the principal performance characteristics of electric
dishwashers for household and similar use and to describe the standard methods of
measuring these characteristics.
This standard is concerned neither with safety nor with minimum performance requirements.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60704-2-3, Household and similar electrical appliances – Test code for the determination
of airborne acoustical noise – Part 2-3: Particular requirements for dishwashers
IEC 60705, Household microwave ovens – Methods for measuring performance
IEC 60734, Household electrical appliances – Performance – Wat
...
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