IEC/IEEE 63195-1:2022

Assessment of power density of human exposure to radio frequency fields from wireless devices in close proximity to the head and body (frequency range of 6 GHz to 300 GHz) - Part 1: Measurement procedure

IEC/IEEE 63195-1:2022 specifies protocols and test procedures for repeatable and reproducible measurements of power density (PD) that provide conservative estimates of exposure incident to a human head or body due to radio-frequency (RF) electromagnetic field (EMF) transmitting communication devices, with a specified measurement uncertainty. These protocols and procedures apply for exposure evaluations of a significant majority of the population during the use of hand-held and body-worn RF transmitting communication devices. The methods apply for devices that can feature single or multiple transmitters or antennas, and can be operated with their radiating structure(s) at distances up to 200 mm from a human head or body.
The methods of this document can be used to determine conformity with applicable maximum PD requirements of different types of RF transmitting communication devices being used in close proximity to the head and body, including if combined with other RF transmitting or non-transmitting devices or accessories (e.g. belt-clip), or embedded in garments. The overall applicable frequency range of these protocols and procedures is from 6 GHz to 300 GHz.
The RF transmitting communication device categories covered in this document include but are not limited to mobile telephones, radio transmitters in personal computers, desktop and laptop devices, and multi-band and multi-antenna devices.
NOTE 1 The protocols and test procedures in this document can be adapted to evaluate exposure also due to non-communication types of devices operating in close proximity to the head and body, but these devices are not in the scope of this document.
NOTE 2 For the assessment of the combined exposure from simultaneous transmitters at frequencies below 6 GHz, the relevant standards for SAR measurements are IEC/IEEE 62209-1528:2020 and IEC/IEEE 62209-3:2019 [1].
NOTE 3 Between 6 GHz and 10 GHz, the scopes of this document and IEC/IEEE 62209-1528:2020 overlap. According to ICNIRP [2] and IEEE ICES TC95 [3] exposure guidelines, power density is the conformity metric in this frequency range. SAR can be used as conformity metric if local regulatory requirements allow it. (e.g. in case where a single transmit band includes test channels at both below and above 6 GHz).
The procedures of this document do not apply for EMF measurements of devices or objects intended to be implanted in the body.
This publication is published as an IEC/IEEE Dual Logo standard.

Evaluation de la densité de puissance de l'exposition humaine aux champs radiofréquences provenant de dispositifs sans fil à proximité immédiate de la tête et du corps (plage de fréquences de 6 ghz à 300 ghz) - Partie 1: Procédure de mesure

IEC/IEEE 63195-1:2022 spécifie les protocoles et les procédures d'essai relatifs aux mesures répétables et reproductibles de la densité de puissance (PD, Power Density) qui donnent des estimations prudentes de l'exposition de la tête ou du corps humain aux champs provenant de dispositifs de communication qui émettent un champ électromagnétique (EMF, Electromagnetic Field) radiofréquence (RF), avec une incertitude de mesure spécifiée. Ces protocoles et procédures s'appliquent aux évaluations de l'exposition d'une vaste majorité de la population lors de l'utilisation de dispositifs de communication qui émettent des RF tenus à la main et portés sur le corps. Les méthodes s'appliquent aux dispositifs qui peuvent comporter un ou plusieurs émetteurs ou antennes, et qui peuvent être utilisés alors que leurs structures rayonnantes se trouvent à des distances inférieures ou égales à 200 mm de la tête ou du corps humain.
Les méthodes décrites dans le présent document peuvent être utilisées pour déterminer la conformité aux exigences en matière de densité de puissance maximale applicables de différents types de dispositifs qui émettent des RF lorsqu'ils sont utilisés à proximité immédiate de la tête et du corps, y compris s'ils sont combinés à d'autres dispositifs ou accessoires qui émettent des RF ou non (clip de ceinture, par exemple) ou s'ils sont intégrés dans des vêtements. La plage de fréquences globale applicable pour ces protocoles et procédures est comprise entre 6 GHz et 300 GHz.
Les catégories de dispositifs de communication qui émettent des RF couvertes par le présent document incluent notamment les téléphones mobiles, les émetteurs radio des ordinateurs personnels, les dispositifs de bureau et les dispositifs portables, ainsi que les dispositifs multibandes et multiantennes.
NOTE 1 Les essais de validation du système sont indiqués à l'Annexe B pour les fréquences de 10 GHz, 30 GHz, 60 GHz et 90 GHz afin de couvrir la plage de fréquences de 6 GHz à 110 GHz. Des antennes de validation supplémentaires qui permettent de couvrir la plage de fréquences jusqu'à 300 GHz seront élaborées dans une révision ultérieure du présent document. Une analyse plus approfondie des justifications est donnée à l'Annexe I.
NOTE 2 Les procédures d'essai et les protocoles décrits dans le présent document peuvent par ailleurs être adaptés afin d'évaluer l'exposition liée à des dispositifs autres que des dispositifs de communication utilisés à proximité de la tête ou du corps, ces dispositifs n'étant cependant pas couverts par le domaine d'application du présent document.
NOTE 3 Pour l'évaluation de l'exposition combinée en provenance de plusieurs émetteurs qui fonctionnent à des fréquences inférieures à 6 GHz, les normes applicables pour les mesures du débit d'absorption spécifique (DAS) sont l'IEC/IEEE 62209-1528:2020 et l'IEC/IEEE 62209‑3:2019 [1].
NOTE 4 Pour la plage de fréquences entre 6 GHz et 10 GHz, le domaine d'application du présent document coïncide avec celui de l'IEC/IEEE 62209-1528:2020. Selon les lignes directrices de l'ICNIRP [2] et la norme C95.1 de l'ICES de l'IEEE [3], la densité de puissance est la mesure réglementaire dans cette plage de fréquences. Le DAS peut être utilisé comme mesure réglementaire si les exigences réglementaires locales le permettent (lorsqu'une seule bande de transmission comprend des canaux d'essai à des fréquences inférieures et supérieures à 6 GHz, par exemple).
Les procédures du présent document ne s'appliquent pas aux mesures du champ électromagnétique de dispositifs ou d'objets destinés à être implantés dans le corps.
Cette publication est publiée en tant que norme IEC/IEEE Dual Logo.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 10-May-2022
• ICS: 17.220.20 - Measurement of electrical and magnetic quantities
• Technical Committee: TC 106 - Methods for the assessment of electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields associated with human exposure
• Drafting Committee: JWG 12 - TC 106/JWG 12
• Current Stage: PPUB - Publication issued
• Start Date: 11-May-2022
• Completion Date: 27-May-2022

Overview

IEC/IEEE 63195-1:2022 is an international standard jointly developed by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). It specifies precise protocols and test procedures for measuring the power density (PD) of radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic fields emitted by wireless communication devices when used in close proximity to the human head or body. The frequency range covered by this standard is 6 GHz to 300 GHz, addressing the growing deployment of high-frequency RF technologies such as 5G and beyond.

The standard aims to ensure repeatable, reproducible, and conservative estimates of human exposure to RF fields, supporting assessments of compliance with regulatory limits. It applies to handheld and body-worn wireless devices that operate near the user, with radiating elements within 200 mm of the body or head, including devices with multiple antennas or transmitters.

Key Topics

• Measurement Procedures
  IEC/IEEE 63195-1:2022 provides detailed measurement protocols for capturing power density from RF communication devices, including calibration, field probe requirements, and scanning system specifications. The procedures cover general preparation, device under test (DUT) setup, test sequences, and post-processing methods to calculate spatial-peak power density (sPD).

• Uncertainty Evaluation
  The standard establishes comprehensive uncertainty models, detailing numerous sources of measurement uncertainty such as calibration inaccuracies, probe positioning, environmental factors, and data acquisition errors. This rigorous approach ensures the reliability and traceability of exposure assessments.

• Exposure Combining
  Methods for combining power density results from multiple transmitters and the integration of power density with SAR (Specific Absorption Rate) metrics for frequencies below 6 GHz are specified. This supports accurate evaluation of cumulative exposure in complex device configurations.

• Instrumentation and Laboratory Requirements
  Requirements for measurement laboratories, including ambient conditions, device holders, and system checks, guarantee consistency and standardization across testing facilities.

• Measurement Reporting
  The standard includes guidelines for documenting experimental setups, measurement results, uncertainties, and test conditions in a detailed measurement report, supporting transparency and regulatory compliance.

Applications

IEC/IEEE 63195-1:2022 is essential for device manufacturers, testing laboratories, and regulatory bodies involved in the evaluation of RF exposure from wireless communication devices. Key applications include:

• Wireless Device Compliance Testing
  Verifying conformity of mobile phones, laptops, tablets, and other personal wireless devices with national and international RF exposure limits.

• Product Development and Safety Assessment
  Providing manufacturers with robust measurement procedures to optimize device designs for safety and regulatory approval.

• Regulatory Certification
  Supporting certification agencies in establishing exposure conformity using conservative and repeatable measurement results.

• Research and Standardization
  Facilitating ongoing development of exposure guidelines and measurement techniques for emerging RF technologies operating at millimeter-wave frequencies.

Related Standards

• IEC/IEEE 62209-1528:2020 and IEC/IEEE 62209-3:2019
  These standards cover SAR measurements and RF exposure assessments at frequencies below 6 GHz, complementing IEC/IEEE 63195-1 which focuses on higher frequency ranges.

• International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) Guidelines
  Provide exposure limits and dosimetric assessment criteria that underpin the testing protocols in IEC/IEEE 63195-1.

• IEEE ICES TC95 Standards
  Offer guidance on RF exposure evaluation methods and exposure limits, contributing to harmonized measurement practices.

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Keywords: IEC/IEEE 63195-1:2022, power density measurement, RF exposure assessment, wireless device testing, millimeter-wave frequencies, 6 GHz to 300 GHz, electromagnetic field, human exposure limits, SAR measurement, RF compliance testing, 5G devices, antenna array testing, measurement uncertainty, RF safety standards.

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC/IEEE 63195-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2022-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Assessment of power density of human exposure to radio frequency fields from
wireless devices in close proximity to the head and body (frequency range of
6 GHz to 300 GHz) –
Part 1: Measurement procedure
Évaluation de la densité de puissance de l'exposition humaine aux champs
radiofréquences provenant de dispositifs sans fil à proximité immédiate de la
tête et du corps (plage de fréquences de 6 GHz à 300 GHz) –
Partie 1: Procédure de mesure
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IEC/IEEE 63195-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2022-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Assessment of power density of human exposure to radio frequency fields from

wireless devices in close proximity to the head and body (frequency range of

6 GHz to 300 GHz) –
Part 1: Measurement procedure
Évaluation de la densité de puissance de l'exposition humaine aux champs

radiofréquences provenant de dispositifs sans fil à proximité immédiate de la

tête et du corps (plage de fréquences de 6 GHz à 300 GHz) –

Partie 1: Procédure de mesure
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 17.220.20 ISBN 978-2-8322-0123-7

– 2 – IEC/IEEE 63195-1:2022 © IEC/IEEE 2022
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 9
INTRODUCTION . 11
1 Scope . 12
2 Normative references . 13
3 Terms and definitions . 13
3.1 Exposure metrics and parameters . 13
3.2 Spatial, physical, and geometrical parameters associated with exposure
metrics . 16
3.3 Measurement instrumentation, field probe, and data-processing parameters . 17
3.4 RF power parameters . 20
3.5 Test device technical operating and antenna parameters . 21
3.6 Test device physical configurations . 23
3.7 Uncertainty parameters . 24
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 25
4.1 Symbols . 25
4.1.1 Physical quantities . 25
4.1.2 Constants . 26
4.2 Abbreviated terms . 26
5 Quick start guide and application of this document . 27
5.1 Quick start guide . 27
5.2 Application of this document . 30
5.3 Stipulations . 30
6 Measurement system and laboratory requirements . 30
6.1 General requirements . 30
6.2 Laboratory requirements . 31
6.3 Field probe requirements . 32
6.4 Measurement instrumentation requirements . 32
6.5 Scanning system requirements . 33
6.5.1 Single-probe systems . 33
6.5.2 Multiple field-probe systems . 33
6.6 Device holder requirements . 34
6.7 Post-processing quantities, procedures, and requirements . 35
6.7.1 Formulas for calculation of sPD . 35
6.7.2 Post-processing procedure . 37
6.7.3 Requirements . 38
7 Protocol for PD assessment . 39
7.1 General . 39
7.2 Measurement preparation . 39
7.2.1 Relative system check . 39
7.2.2 DUT requirements . 39
7.2.3 DUT preparation . 40
7.2.4 Selecting evaluation surfaces . 41
7.3 Tests to be performed . 44
7.3.1 General . 44
7.3.2 Tests to be performed when supported by simulations of the antenna
array . 46
7.3.3 Tests to be performed by measurements of the antenna array . 48

7.4 Measurement procedure . 48
7.4.1 General measurement procedure . 48
7.4.2 Power density assessment methods . 49
7.4.3 Power scaling for operating mode and channel . 51
7.4.4 Correction for DUT drift . 53
7.5 Exposure combining. 54
7.5.1 General . 54
7.5.2 Combining power density and SAR results . 55
8 Uncertainty estimation . 58
8.1 General . 58
8.2 Requirements for uncertainty evaluations . 58
8.3 Description of uncertainty models . 58
8.4 Uncertainty terms dependent on the measurement system . 59
8.4.1 CAL – Calibration of the measurement equipment . 59
8.4.2 COR – Probe correction . 59
8.4.3 FRS – Frequency response . 59
8.4.4 SCC – Sensor cross coupling . 60
8.4.5 ISO – Isotropy . 61
8.4.6 LIN – System linearity error . 61
8.4.7 PSC – Probe scattering . 61
8.4.8 PPO – Probe positioning offset . 62
8.4.9 PPR – Probe positioning repeatability . 62
8.4.10 SMO – Sensor mechanical offset . 63
8.4.11 PSR – Probe spatial resolution . 63
8.4.12 FLD – Field impedance dependence (ratio |E|/|H|) . 63
8.4.13 MED – Measurement drift . 63
8.4.14 APN – Amplitude and phase noise . 64
8.4.15 TR – Measurement area truncation . 64
8.4.16 DAQ – Data acquisition . 64
8.4.17 SMP – Sampling . 64
8.4.18 REC – Field reconstruction . 64
8.4.19 SNR – Signal-to-noise ratio . 65
8.4.20 TRA – Forward transformation and backward transformation . 65
8.4.21 SCA – Power density scaling . 66
8.4.22 SAV – Spatial averaging . 66
8.4.23 COM – Exposure combining . 66
8.5 Uncertainty terms dependent on the DUT and environmental factors . 66
8.5.1 PC – Probe coupling with DUT . 66
8.5.2 MOD – Modulation response . 67
8.5.3 IT – Integration time . 67
8.5.4 RT – Response time . 68
8.5.5 DH – Device holder influence . 68
8.5.6 DA – DUT alignment . 68
8.5.7 AC – RF ambient conditions . 68
8.5.8 TEM – Laboratory temperature. 68
8.5.9 REF – Reflections in laboratory . 69
8.5.10 MSI – Measurement system immunity/secondary reception . 69
8.5.11 DRI – DUT drift . 69
8.6 Combined and expanded uncertainty . 69

– 4 – IEC/IEEE 63195-1:2022 © IEC/IEEE 2022
9 Measurement report . 73
9.1 General . 73
9.2 Items to be recorded in measurement reports . 73
Annex A (normative) Measurement system check and system validation tests . 76
A.1 Overview . 76
A.2 Normalization to total radiated power . 77
A.2.1 General . 77
A.2.2 Option 1: Accepted power measurement . 77
A.2.3 Option 2: Total radiated power measurement . 81
A.3 Relative system check . 82
A.3.1 Purpose . 82
A.3.2 Antenna and test conditions . 82
A.3.3 Procedure . 83
A.3.4 Acceptance criteria . 83
A.4 Absolute system check . 85
A.4.1 Purpose . 85
A.4.2 Antenna and test conditions . 85
A.4.3 Procedure . 85
A.4.4 Acceptance criteria . 85
A.5 System validation . 86
A.5.1 Purpose . 86
A.5.2 Procedure . 86
A.5.3 Validation of modulation response . 87
A.5.4 Acceptance criteria . 87
Annex B (normative) Antennas for system check and system validation tests . 89
B.1 General . 89
B.2 Pyramidal horn antennas for system checks . 90
B.3 Cavity-fed dipole arrays for system validation . 91
B.3.1 Description . 91
B.3.2 Numerical target values for cavity-fed dipole arrays . 94
B.3.3 Field and power density distribution patterns . 94
B.3.4 Far-field radiation patterns . 99
B.4 Pyramidal horns with slot arrays for system validation . 101
B.4.1 Description . 101
B.4.2 Numerical target values for pyramidal horns loaded with a slot array . 103
B.4.3 Field and power density distribution patterns . 104
B.4.4 Far-field radiation patterns . 109
B.5 Antenna validation procedure . 110
B.5.1 General . 110
B.5.2 Objectives, scope, and usage specifications . 111
B.5.3 Antenna design. 111
B.5.4 Numerical targets . 111
B.5.5 Reference antennas calibration . 111
B.5.6 Antenna verification and life expectation . 111
B.5.7 Uncertainty budget considerations . 111
B.6 Validation procedure for wideband signals . 112
B.6.1 General . 112
B.6.2 Validation signals . 112
B.6.3 Validation antennas and setup . 112

B.6.4 Target values for validation antennas transmitting wideband signals . 112
B.6.5 Wideband signal uncertainty . 112
B.6.6 Validation procedure . 113
Annex C (normative) Calibration and characterization of measurement probes . 114
C.1 General . 114
C.2 Calibration of waveguide probes . 114
C.2.1 General . 114
C.2.2 Sensitivity . 114
C.2.3 Linearity . 114
C.2.4 Lower detection limit . 115
C.2.5 Isotropy . 115
C.2.6 Response time . 115
C.3 Calibration for isotropic scalar E-field or H-field probes . 115
C.3.1 General . 115
C.3.2 Sensitivity . 115
C.3.3 Isotropy . 115
C.3.4 Linearity . 116
C.3.5 Lower detection limit . 116
C.3.6 Response time . 116
C.4 Calibration of phasor E-field or H-field probes . 116
C.4.1 General . 116
C.4.2 Sensitivity . 116
C.4.3 Isotropy . 117
C.4.4 Linearity . 117
C.4.5 Lower detection limit . 117
C.5 Calibration uncertainty parameters. 117
C.5.1 General . 117
C.5.2 Input power to the antenna . 117
C.5.3 Mismatch effect (input power measurement) . 117
C.5.4 Gain and offset distance . 118
C.5.5 Signal spectrum . 118
C.5.6 Setup stability . 118
C.5.7 Uncertainty for field impedance variations . 119
C.6 Uncertainty budget template . 119
Annex D (informative) Information on use of square or circular shapes for power
density averaging area in conformity evaluations . 121
D.1 General . 121
D.2 Method using computational analysis . 121
D.3 Areas averaged with square and circular shapes on planar evaluation
surface . 121
D.4 Areas averaged with square and circular shapes on nonplanar evaluation
surface . 123
Annex E (informative) Reconstruction algorithms . 125
E.1 General . 125
E.2 Methodologies to extract local field components and power densities . 125
E.2.1 General . 125
E.2.2 Phase-less approaches . 126
E.2.3 Approaches using E-field polarization ellipse measurements . 126
E.2.4 Direct near-field measurements . 126

– 6 – IEC/IEEE 63195-1:2022 © IEC/IEEE 2022
E.3 Forward transformation (propagation) of the fields . 127
E.3.1 General . 127
E.3.2 Field expansion methods . 128
E.3.3 Field integral equation methods . 128
E.4 Backward transformation (propagation) of the fields . 129
E.4.1 General . 129
E.4.2 Field expansion methods – the plane wave expansion . 129
E.4.3 Inverse source methods . 130
E.5 Analytical reference functions . 131
Annex F (normative) Interlaboratory comparisons . 133
F.1 Purpose . 133
F.2 Reference devices . 133
F.3 Power setup . 133
F.4 Interlaboratory comparison – procedure . 133
Annex G (informative) PD test and verification example . 134
G.1 Purpose . 134
G.2 DUT overview . 134
G.3 Test system verification . 134
G.4 Test setup . 134
G.5 Power density results . 134
G.6 Combined exposure (Total Exposure Ratio) . 134
Annex H (informative) Applicability of plane-wave equivalent approximations . 135
H.1 Objective . 135
H.2 Method . 135
H.3 Results . 135
H.4 Discussion . 137
Annex I (informative) Rationales for concepts and methods applied in this document
and IEC/IEEE 63195-2 . 138
I.1 Frequency range . 138
I.2 Calculation of sPD . 138
I.2.1 Application of the Poynting vector for calculation of incident power
density . 138
I.2.2 Averaging area . 139
Bibliography . 140

Figure 1 – Quick Start Guide . 29
Figure 2 – Simplified view of a generic measurement setup involving the use of
reconstruction algorithms . 38
Figure 3 – Cross-sectional view of SAM phantom for SAR evaluations at the reference
plane, as described in IEC/IEEE 62209-1528:2020 . 42
Figure 4 – Cross-sectional view of SAM virtual phantom for PD evaluations at the
reference plane (shell thickness is 2 mm everywhere, including at the pinna) . 42
Figure 5 – Example reference coordinate system for the left-ear ERP of the SAM
phantom . 44
Figure 6 – Example reference points and vertical and horizontal lines on a DUT . 44
Figure 7 – Flow chart for test procedure in 7.3 . 46
Figure 8 – Flow chart for general measurement procedure in 7.4.1 . 49
Figure 9 – Flow chart for power density assessment methods in 7.4.2 . 50

Figure 10 – SAR and power density evaluation at a point r . 57
Figure 11 – Combining SAR (top) and power density (bottom) for the SAM phantom . 57
Figure A.1 – Recommended accepted power measurement setup for relative system
check, absolute system check and system validation . 78
Figure A.2 – Equipment setup for measurement of forward power P and forward
f
coupled power P . 78
fc
Figure A.3 – Equipment setup for measuring the shorted reverse coupled power P . 78
rcs
Figure A.4 – Equipment setup for measuring the power with the reference antenna . 79
Figure A.5 – Port numbering for the S-parameter measurements of the directional
coupler . 80
Figure B.1 – Main dimensions for the cavity-fed dipole arrays – 30 GHz design . 92
Figure B.2 – 10 GHz patterns of |E | and Re{S} for the cavity-fed dipole arrays
total total
at distances of a) 2 mm, b) 5 mm, c) 10 mm, and d) 50 mm from the upper surface of

the dielectric substrate . 95
Figure B.3 – 30 GHz patterns of |E | and Re{S} for the cavity-fed dipole arrays
total total
at distances of a) 2 mm, b) 5 mm, c) 10 mm, and d) 50 mm from the upper surface of
the dielectric substrate . 96
Figure B.4 – 60 GHz patterns of |E | and Re{S} for the cavity-fed dipole arrays
total total
at distances of a) 2 mm, b) 5 mm, c) 10 mm, and d) 50 mm from the upper surface of
the dielectric substrate . 97
Figure B.5 – 90 GHz patterns of |E | and Re{S} for the cavity-fed dipole arrays
total total
at distances of a) 2 mm, b) 5 mm, c) 10 mm, and d) 50 mm from the upper surface of
the dielectric substrate . 98
Figure B.6 – Far-field radiation patterns of a) 10 GHz, b) 30 GHz, c) 60 GHz, and d) 90
GHz cavity-fed dipole arrays . 100
Figure B.7 – Main dimensions for the 0,15 mm stainless steel stencil with slot array . 101
Figure B.8 – Main dimensions for the pyramidal horn antennas. 102
Figure B.9 – 10 GHz patterns of |E | and Re{S} for the pyramidal horn loaded
total total
with a slot array at distances of a) 2 mm, b) 5 mm, c) 10 mm, and d) 50 mm from the
upper surface of the slot array . 105
Figure B.10 – 30 GHz patterns of |E | and Re{S} for the pyramidal horn loaded
total total
with a slot array at distances of a) 2 mm, b) 5 mm, c) 10 mm, and d) 50 mm from the
upper surface of the slot array . 106
Figure B.11 – 60 GHz patterns of |E | and Re{S} for the pyramidal horn loaded
total total
with a slot array at distances of a) 2 mm, b) 5 mm, c) 10 mm, and d) 50 mm from the
upper surface of the slot array . 107
Figure B.12 – 90 GHz patterns of |E | and Re{S} for the pyramidal horn loaded
total total
with a slot array at distances of a) 2 mm, b) 5 mm, c) 10 mm, and d) 50 mm from the
upper surface of the slot array . 108
Figure B.13 – Far-field radiation patterns of a) 10 GHz, b) 30 GHz, c) 60 GHz, and d)
90 GHz pyramidal horn loaded with a slot array . 110
Figure D.1 – Schematic view of the assessment of the variation of sPD using square
shape by rotating AUT (antenna under test) . 121
Figure D.2 – Comparison of psPD averaged using square versus circular shaped areas
on planar evaluation surfaces . 122
Figure D.3 – Example PD distributions with device next to ear evaluation surface . 123
Figure D.4 – Comparison of psPD averaged using cube cross-section (square-like)
versus sphere cross-section (circular-like) shaped areas for device next to ear
evaluation surface . 124

– 8 – IEC/IEEE 63195-1:2022 © IEC/IEEE 2022
Figure E.1 – Simulation (left) and forward transformation from measurements applying
methods described in [29] (right) of power density in the xz-plane (above) and yz-plane
(below) at a distance of 2 mm for a cavity-fed dipole array at 30 GHz (see Annex B) . 127
Figure H.1 – psPD / psPD as function of distance (in units of λ) from cavity-fed
pwe tot
dipole array (CDA##G, left-side) and pyramidal horn with slot arrays (SH##G, right-
side) operating at 10 GHz, 30 GHz, 60 GHz, and 90 GHz . 137

Table 1 – Evaluation plan check-list . 28
Table 2 – Minimum evaluation distance between the DUT antenna and the evaluation
surface for which the plane wave equivalent approximation applies . 50
Table 3 – Template of measurement uncertainty for power density measurements . 70
Table 4 – Example measurement uncertainty budget for power density measurement
results . 72
Table A.1 – Example of power measurement uncertainty . 81
Table A.2 – Communication signals for modulation response test . 87
Table B.1 – Target values for pyramidal horn antennas at different frequencies . 90
Table B.2 – Main dimensions for the cavity-fed dipole arrays at each frequency of
interest . 91
Table B.3 – Geometrical parameters of the cavity-fed dipole arrays at each frequency
of interest . 93
Table B.4 – Substrate and metallic block parameters for the cavity-fed dipole arrays at
each frequency of interest . 93
Table B.5 – Target values for the cavity-fed dipole arrays at 10 GHz, 30 GHz, 60 GHz,
and 90 GHz . 94
Table B.6 – Main dimensions for the stencil with slot array for each frequency . 102
Table B.7 – Primary dimensions for the corresponding pyramidal horns at each
frequency . 103
Table B.8 – Target values for the pyramidal horns loaded with slot arrays at 10 GHz,
30 GHz, 60 GHz, and 90 GHz . 104
Table C.1 – Uncertainty analysis of the probe calibration . 119
Table D.1 – Phase shift values for the array antenna . 123
Table E.1 – List of analytical reference functions and associated psPD target values . 131
n+
Table E.2 – List of analytical reference functions and associated psPD target
tot+
values . 132
Table E.3 – List of analytical reference functions and associated psPD target
mod+
values . 132

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
ASSESSMENT OF POWER DENSITY OF HUMAN EXPOSURE TO RADIO
FREQUENCY FIELDS FROM WIRELESS DEVICES IN CLOSE PROXIMITY
TO THE HEAD AND BODY (FREQUENCY RANGE OF 6 GHz TO 300 GHz) –

Part 1: Measurement procedure
FOREWORD
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