ISO 8856:2014
(Main)Road vehicles — Electrical performance of starter motors — Test methods and general requirements
Road vehicles — Electrical performance of starter motors — Test methods and general requirements
ISO 8856:2014 lays down test methods and general requirements for the determination of the electrical characteristics of DC starter motors intended to start internal combustion engines of road vehicles.
Véhicules routiers — Caractéristiques électriques des démarreurs — Méthodes d'essai et conditions générales
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 8856
Third edition
2014-01-15
Road vehicles — Electrical
performance of starter motors — Test
methods and general requirements
Véhicules routiers — Caractéristiques électriques des démarreurs —
Méthodes d’essai et conditions générales
Reference number
ISO 8856:2014(E)
©
ISO 2014
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ISO 8856:2014(E)
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© ISO 2014
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ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
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ISO 8856:2014(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Terms and definitions . 1
3 Test conditions . 2
3.1 Temperature . 2
3.2 Measurement accuracy . 2
3.3 Voltage/current characteristic of starter motor power supply . 2
3.4 Preparation of test samples . 3
4 Test benches . 3
4.1 General . 3
4.2 Type 1 test bench . 4
4.3 Type 2 test bench . 4
5 Test method . 6
5.1 General . 6
5.2 Test procedure . 6
6 Measurement correction . 7
6.1 General . 7
6.2 Correction of torque . 7
6.3 Correction of rotational frequency with temperature . 9
7 Presentation of results .10
7.1 Power output and efficiency calculation .10
7.2 Graphic presentation of starter motor characteristic curves .10
7.3 Change of voltage/current characteristic .10
© ISO 2014 – All rights reserved iii
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ISO 8856:2014(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 3, Electrical
and electronic equipment.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 8856:1995), which has been technically
revised. It also incorporates the Amendment ISO 8856:1995/Amd1:1997.
iv © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 8856:2014(E)
Road vehicles — Electrical performance of starter motors
— Test methods and general requirements
1 Scope
This International Standard lays down test methods and general requirements for the determination of
the electrical characteristics of DC starter motors intended to start internal combustion engines of road
vehicles.
2 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
2.1
lock torque
torque of starter motor at the pinion with the armature shaft locked (no rotation)
Note 1 to entry: It is expressed in Nm.
2.2
nominal power
P
nom
power declared by the starter motor manufacturer corresponding to the maximum power output at the
reference temperature when determined in accordance with this International Standard
Note 1 to entry: It is expressed in W.
2.3
power output
P
power derived from measurements of torque and rotational frequency of the motor pinion shaft
Note 1 to entry: It is expressed in W.
2.4
power supply
battery or battery simulation device which delivers a voltage/current characteristic as defined in this
International Standard
2.5
reference temperature
temperature at which the performance curves and nominal power shall be reported
Note 1 to entry: Reference temperature is expressed in °C.
Note 2 to entry: It is equal to 20 °C.
2.6
total resistance of starter motor
R
S
resistance value of the terminal voltage, see Figure 2, divided by the starter motor current (steady state
current of solenoid included)
Note 1 to entry: It is expressed in Ω.
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ISO 8856:2014(E)
2.7
total resistance of power supply at starter motor terminals
R
BL
sum of power supply and external line resistance
Note 1 to entry: It is expressed in Ω.
3 Test conditions
3.1 Temperature
3.1.1 Test method A — Continuous mode method
Ensure that all parts of the starter motor are at the same, registered temperature.
To avoid temperature corrections, the starter motor can be preconditioned at (20 ± 2) °C.
3.1.2 Test method B — Discrete point method
Ensure that all parts of the starter motor are at the same, registered temperature.
To avoid temperature corrections, the starter motor can be preconditioned at (20 ± 2) °C.
3.1.3 Test method C — Continuous mode method at cold cranking temperature
The starter motor shall be preconditioned at a specified cold cranking temperature as agreed between
starter motor manufacturer and engine manufacturer (e.g. −25 °C ± 2 °C).
3.2 Measurement accuracy
The overall capability of the test equipment shall enable the parameters to be measured within the
accuracy shown in Table 1. This requirement shall be respected through the whole test procedure. The
target accuracy should be used for new test equipment.
Table 1 — Measurement accuracy
Parameter Accuracy Target accuracy
Current ±1 % ±0,5 %
Voltage ±1 % ±0,5 %
Rotational frequency ±2 % ±1 %
Torque ±2 % ±1 %
Temperature ±2 K ±2 K
3.3 Voltage/current characteristic of starter motor power supply
The voltage/current characteristic of starter motor power supply is a sloping straight line (see Figure 1).
The line is defined at 20 °C either by two pairs of values [(U , I ) and (U , I )], or by one pair of values (U,
1 1 2 2
I) and the internal resistance of the starter motor power supply.
The voltage values (U and U ) shall be measured at the starter motor terminals.
1 2
The voltage/current characteristic shall be selected from Table 2 without exceeding the values stated by
the starter motor manufacturer.
If required, other voltage/current characteristics can
...
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