ISO/FDIS 20500-2
(Main)Mobile road construction machinery — Safety — Part 2: Specific requirements for road-milling machines
Mobile road construction machinery — Safety — Part 2: Specific requirements for road-milling machines
Machines mobiles pour la construction de routes — Sécurité — Partie 2: Prescriptions spécifiques pour fraiseuses routières
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FINAL DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/TC 195
Mobile road construction
Secretariat: SAC
machinery — Safety —
Voting begins on:
2025-11-05
Part 2:
Specific requirements for road-
Voting terminates on:
2025-12-31
milling machines
Machines mobiles pour la construction de routes — Sécurité —
Partie 2: Prescriptions spécifiques pour fraiseuses routières
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
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MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
Reference number
FINAL DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/TC 195
Mobile road construction
Secretariat: SAC
machinery — Safety —
Voting begins on:
Part 2:
Specific requirements for road-
Voting terminates on:
milling machines
Machines mobiles pour la construction de routes — Sécurité —
Partie 2: Prescriptions spécifiques pour fraiseuses routières
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
© ISO 2025
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ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures . 4
4.1 General .4
4.1.1 Context .4
4.1.2 Specific relation to ISO 20500-1 .4
4.2 Visibility .4
4.2.1 General .4
4.2.2 Visibility performance criteria .4
4.2.3 Visibility performance criteria for the RB .6
4.3 Operation and handling .7
4.3.1 General .7
4.3.2 Road-milling machines with emission reducing device by evacuation (EVAC-
ERD) .7
4.4 Operator's station .7
4.5 Stopping .7
4.6 Access system to operator's station and to maintenance points.7
4.7 Protection .8
4.7.1 General .8
4.7.2 Milling equipment .8
4.7.3 Lowering the milling equipment .10
4.8 Signal devices and warning signs .10
4.9 Conveyors .10
4.10 Electro-magnetic compatibility (EMC) .10
4.11 Noise .10
5 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures .11
6 Information for use – Operator´s manual .12
Annex A (normative) Noise test code for road-milling machines .13
Annex B (informative) Examples of road-milling machines . 19
Annex C (normative) Emission reducing device by evacuation (EVAC-ERD) – Test procedures .21
Annex D (informative) List of significant hazards .42
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered .45
Bibliography .49
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 195, Building construction machinery and
equipment, in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee
CEN/TC 151, Construction equipment and building material machines - Safety, in accordance with the
Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
A list of all parts in the ISO 20500 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market
players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organisations, market surveillance etc.).
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting
process of this document.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are
covered are indicated in the Scope of this document.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-B
standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other
standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C
standard.
v
FINAL DRAFT International Standard ISO/FDIS 20500-2:2025(en)
Mobile road construction machinery — Safety —
Part 2:
Specific requirements for road-milling machines
1 Scope
This document, together with ISO 20500-1:—, deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and
events relevant to road-milling machines when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which
are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex D) associated with the whole lifetime of the
machine as described in ISO 12100:2010, 5.4.
The requirements of this document are complementary to the common requirements formulated in
ISO 20500-1:—. This document does not repeat the requirements of ISO 20500-1:— but supplements or
modifies the requirements for road-milling machines.
The following significant and relevant hazards are not covered in this document:
— lightning;
— vibration.
NOTE A vibration test code is under preparation.
This document is not applicable to road-milling machines manufactured before the date of its publication.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3744:2010, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources using
sound pressure — Engineering methods for an essentially free field over a reflecting plane
ISO 11201:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission sound
pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions in an essentially free field over a reflecting
plane with negligible environmental corrections
ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction
ISO 15645:2018, Road construction and maintenance equipment — Road milling machinery — Terminology
and commercial specifications
ISO 20500-1:—, Mobile road construction machinery — Safety — Part 1: Common requirements
ISO 29042-4:2009, Safety of machinery — Evaluation of the emission of airborne hazardous substances — Part
4: Tracer method for the measurement of the capture efficiency of an exhaust system
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12100:2010, ISO 15645:2018,
ISO 20500-1:— and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
road-milling machine
mobile road construction machine used to mill material from paved surfaces
Note 1 to entry: Examples can be found in Figures B.1, B.2 and B.3.
3.2
milling equipment
power-driven tool-carrier, equipped with tools for the milling process, to cut the material to be removed in
an abrasive manner
3.3
milling drum
power-driven tool-carrier comprising a cylindrical body, equipped with tools at the drums perimeter and
cutting the material to be erased by an upcut-milling-process during the milling operation
Note 1 to entry: Examples can be found in Annex B.
3.4
emission reducing device
ERD
system to extract or reduce emissions of airborne particles generated by the milling process from the area
of the operator’s stations of a road-milling machine
3.5
emission reducing device by evacuation
EVAC-ERD
ERD (3.4) system based on fluid-dynamic evacuation of airborne particles by technical means establishing
an accelerated airflow or negative pressure in the rotor chamber
Note 1 to entry: Rotor chamber is shown in ISO 15645:2018, Figure A.3.
3.5.1
tracer gas test method
use of substances with an aerodynamic behaviour comparable to the pollutant under consideration and
which can be reliably measured
3.5.2
EVAC-ERD design volume flow
Q
design
mean volume flow of air discharged by the EVAC-ERD (3.5) and as specified by the manufacturer during
design phase
3.5.3
effective EVAC-ERD volume flow
Q
effective
mean volume flow of air discharged by the EVAC-ERD (3.5) as measured under specific test conditions
Note 1 to entry: The test conditions are specified in Annex C.
3.5.4
effective tracer gas volume flow
Q
SF_6
mean volume flow of tracer gas (3.5.10), e.g. SF injected into the EVAC-ERD (3.5) either via direct injection
or via the injection lance under specific test conditions
Note 1 to entry: The test conditions are specified in Annex C.
Note 2 to entry: SF is identified to have a high potential as green-house-gas. It can be substituted by alternative tracer
gases in the future.
3.5.5
measured capture efficiency of an EVAC-ERD
ηc
ratio of the mean concentration of tracer gas (3.5.10) measured in the EVAC-ERD (3.5) discharge during the
capture efficiency test to the mean concentration of tracer gas measured in the EVAC-ERD discharge during
the 100 % capture test
3.5.6
effective capture efficiency of an EVAC-ERD
η
c,effective, EUT
average of several samples of the ratio of the mass-flow rate of a specified pollutant directly collected by
the EVAC-ERD (3.5) to the uncontrolled mass-flow rate of this pollutant emitted from the machine with a
Student-T-correction for a confidence level of 90 % applied
Note 1 to entry: This value is the significant parameter of an EVAC-ERD.
3.5.7
ambient gas concentration
C
C ’
concentration measured at the point of sampling when no tracer gas (3.5.10) is actually released
Note 1 to entry: These concentrations represent the background concentrations and are used to correct the measured
concentration values C (3.5.8) and C (3.5.9) when determining the measured capture efficiency of an EVAC-ERD,
2 3
η (3.5.5). C designates the pre-test ambient gas concentration whereas C ’ represents the post-test ambient gas
c 1 1
concentration once the purge cycle is complete.
Note 2 to entry: Each test requires determination of the ambient gas concentrations C and C ’. These values can be
1 1
higher than earlier ambient gas concentration measurements if precedent measurements have been carried out in
advance or if residual concentration of tracer gas is present.
3.5.8
scaled tracer gas concentration
C
concentration measured at the point of sampling when the tracer gas (3.5.10) is directly released into the
EVAC-ERD (3.5) and diluted by the system volume-flow
Note 1 to entry: This concentration is used as 100 %-reference-value for determining the measured capture efficiency
of an EVAC-ERD, η (3.5.5).
c
3.5.9
EVAC-ERD-characteristic tracer-gas concentration
C
concentration measured at the point of sampling when the tracer gas (3.5.10) is released at a characteristic
point (e.g. under the distribution auger) and diluted by the system volume-flow
Note 1 to entry: For an example of a characteristic point, see Annex C.
Note 2 to entry: This concentration is used as a calculation-value for determining the measured capture efficiency of an
EVAC-ERD, η (3.5.5)
c .
3.5.10
tracer gas
gas used for the purpose of the tests, that is non-toxic, chemically inert, low background concentration or
environmental interferences, and is easily measured at low concentrations
Note 1 to entry: Historically SF has been a commonly used tracer gas.
Note 2 to entry: Other tracer gases can be used if future research identifies an appropriate substitute.
Note 3 to entry: The use of tracer gas is described in Annex C.
3.5.11
equipment under test
EUT
representative road-milling machine equipped with an EVAC-ERD (3.5) establishing a test-setup to carry out
a valid test
Note 1 to entry: The valid test is described in Annex C.
4 Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures
4.1 General
4.1.1 Context
Road-milling machines shall conform to the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures
of this clause. In addition, the machines shall be designed according to the principles of ISO 12100:2010 for
relevant but not significant hazards which are not dealt with by this document.
4.1.2 Specific relation to ISO 20500-1
Road-milling machines shall conform to the requirements of ISO 20500-1:—, as far as not modified or
replaced by the requirements of this document.
4.2 Visibility
4.2.1 General
ISO 20500-1:—, 4.2 applies with the additions specified in 4.2.2 and 4.2.3.
4.2.2 Visibility performance criteria
The measurement result shall show no maskings, or maskings smaller than or equal to the performance
criteria with direct or indirect view as specified in Table 1, when tested using the setup details as shown in
Figure 1.
When there are two operator positions on the operator’s station, each operator position shall be evaluated
separately. The resulting maskings may be a combination (overlapping) of the individual maskings.
a) 12 m circle for large road-milling b) 12 m circle for small c) 12 m circle for small milling
machine (front road-milling machine with machine without conveyor (no or
mounted conveyor/operator’s conveyor (rear or front mounted very small conveyor/operator’s
station on the centre of the conveyor/operator’s station station on the rear of the machine)
machine) on the rear of the machine)
d) RB (side view) for large e) RB (side view) for small f) RB (side view) for small milling
road-milling machine (front road-milling machine with machine without conveyor (no or
mounted conveyor/operator’s conveyor (rear or front mounted very small conveyor/operator’s
station on the center of the conveyor/operator’s station station on the rear of the machine)
machine) on the rear of the machine)
g) RB (top view) for large h) RB (top view) for small i) RB (top view) for small milling
road-milling machine (front road-milling machine with machine without conveyor (no
mounted conveyor/operator’s conveyor (rear or front mounted or very small conveyor/operator’s
station on the centre of the conveyor/operator’s station station on the rear of the machine)
machine) on the rear of the machine)
Key
Y Y-axis and forward direction of machine
1 rectangular boundary, RB
H height of milling drum above ground in transport position (minimum 200 mm)
H height of conveyor above ground in a loading position (min. 3 000 mm)
L gap in the RB under the conveyor (no requirements, width of the conveyor + max. 150 mm on each side)
L distance from the machine to the RB (1 m)
NOTE 1 See Table 2 for the height of the RB.
NOTE 2 Origin of coordinate system in accordance with the specification of the manufacturer.
Figure 1 — Setup of machines
The distances for H , H and L shall be reported in the test report.
1 2 1
Table 1 — Visibility performance criteria
Sector A B C D E F RB
Large road-milling machine
Eye spac-
205 mm 405 mm 405 mm 405 mm 405 mm 205 mm 405 mm
ing
Number 2 times 2 times
and width 700 mm and 700 mm and
No specific No specific No specific No specific
a
300 mm
of masking 1 time 1 time
criteria criteria criteria criteria
1 300 mm 1 300 mm
Small road-milling machine with front conveyor
Eye spac-
205 mm 405 mm 405 mm 405 mm 405 mm 205 mm 405 mm
ing
Number 2 times
and width 700 mm and 1 time 1 time 1 time 1 time
2 times
a
300 mm
of masking 1 time
700 mm
1 300 mm 1 300 mm 1 300 mm 1 300 mm
1 300 mm
Small road-milling machine with rear conveyor
Eye spac-
205 mm 405 mm 405 mm 405 mm 405 mm 205 mm 405 mm
ing
Number 2 times
and width 1 time 1 time 1 time 1 time 700 mm and
2 times
a
300 mm
of masking 1 time
700 mm
1 300 mm 1 300 mm 1 300 mm 1 300 mm
1 300 mm
Small road-milling machine without conveyor
Eye spac-
205 mm 405 mm 405 mm 405 mm 405 mm 205 mm 405 mm
ing
Number
1 time 1 time 1 time 1 time
2 times 2 times
a
and width 300 mm
700 mm 700 mm
1 300 mm 1 300 mm 1 300 mm 1 300 mm
of masking
a
The width of the masking in the RB is applicable to every masking occurring.
4.2.3 Visibility performance criteria for the RB
The measurement result shall show no maskings, or maskings smaller than or equal to the acceptable
maskings (300 mm) when evaluated using the eye spacing specified in Table 1 for the RB and using the test
object height for each region as specified in Table 2.
Table 2 — Vertical test object height by machine type and region of rectangular boundary
Machine Type Region of the RB
Front side Left-hand side Right-hand Rear side
side
Large road-milling machine 1,5 m 1,5 m 1,5 m 1,5 m
(with gap XX under
the conveyor)
Small road-milling machine with 1,5 m 1,5 m 1,5 m 1,5 m
conveyor (with gap XX under (with gap XX
the conveyor if appli- under the convey-
cable) or if applicable)
Small road-milling machine without 1,5 m 1,5 m 1,5 m 1,5 m
conveyor
4.3 Operation and handling
4.3.1 General
ISO 20500-1:—, 4.3 applies with the following addition:
To minimize the risk of dust and to minimize the risk of inhalable particles (e.g. silica, mineral fibers),
provisions for an ERD (e.g. a water sprinkling system, adjustable flaps) shall be made.
4.3.2 Road-milling machines with emission reducing device by evacuation (EVAC-ERD)
Road milling-machines with a milling width > 1 300 mm shall be so designed that in addition an emission
reducing device by evacuation (EVAC-ERD) can be fitted, if not already included in the base design of the
machine.
Annex C describes the test procedure for evaluating the capture efficiency of such an EVAC-ERD.
NOTE 1 National regulations or regional requirements can apply.
NOTE 2 A width of 1 300 mm is currently considered to be the threshold between rear-loading conveyor and front-
loading conveyor road-milling machines.
4.4 Operator's station
ISO 20500-1:—, 4.4 applies with the following exception:
— ISO 20500-1:—, 4.4.2, first paragraph, does not apply for road-milling machines.
— ISO 20500-1:—, 4.4.3, does not apply for road-milling machinery with an operating mass ≤ 4 500 kg.
4.5 Stopping
ISO 20500-1:—, 4.7.1 applies with the following addition:
It shall be possible to stop the milling equipment, even while the power unit (engine) is running.
4.6 Access system to operator's station and to maintenance points
ISO 20500-1:—, 4.9 applies with the following addition:
If the operator's station, operator's places and/or the access areas are placed in the vicinity of tracks or
wheels, measures shall be taken to minimize the hazard. If there are guards, they shall conform to
ISO 20500-1:—, 4.10.2.
ISO 20500-1:—, 4.4 applies with the following exemption and addition:
An alternative exit path according to ISO 2867:2011, 4.3 is not required for road-milling machines with a
milling width less or equal than 1,3 m.
4.7 Protection
4.7.1 General
ISO 20500-1:—, 4.10 applies with the additions specified in 4.7.2 and 4.7.3.
4.7.2 Milling equipment
4.7.2.1 General
For preventing access to the milling equipment and debris being ejected, milling equipment shall include
front guards in accordance with ISO 20500-1:—, 4.10.2, rear guards in accordance with 4.7.2.2, and side
guards in accordance with 4.7.2.3.
NOTE These guards can be movable or can be fully opened for maintenance.
4.7.2.2 Rear guards
Rear guards shall be designed so that:
— when they are opened, for example, for maintenance or cleaning, operation of the milling equipment is
only possible manually or in the maintenance mode; the performance level shall meet the requirement
4.3.5 of ISO 20500-1:—, Annex F;
— they shall be fitted with a holding device in order to be secured while opened for maintenance;
— distances between the ground level and the lower part of the guard shall not exceed 1,5 times the milling
depth during operation and in order to complete material discharge (windrowing) or the lowering of the
milling drum adjacent to an obstacle.
NOTE The material to be discharged forms a windrow that closes the gap.
— a distance guard shall be fitted on road-milling machine with the milling equipment located at the rear
of the machine, see Figure 2.
Structural parts of the machines and/or conveyors may be considered as part of the distance guards.
Key
1 distance guard
2 rear guard
Figure 2 — Rear guard
4.7.2.3 Side-guards
Power-operated side guards of the milling drum guards, intended to be controlled during operation of the
machine, shall conform to the following design criteria:
— the power-operated side guards shall automatically return to their normal (pre-set) position when the
controls are released except when the milling drum is stopped; the performance level shall meet the
requirement 4.3 of ISO 20500-1:—, Annex F;
— the controls shall be fitted out of danger areas and allowing the operator view to the side guards;
— a yellow flashing light shall be fitted within the danger areas and shall be activated whenever the controls
are operated;
— the power-operated side guards shall automatically return to their normal (pre-set) position when the
controls are released except when the milling drum is stopped;
— the side-guards shall be designed so that they can only be locked in the raised position (e.g. for
maintenance) when the milling drum is off or in maintenance mode;
— side-guards may be at intermediate mode keeping them lifted above the material but not exceeding the
permissible values of ISO 20500-1:—, 4.10.
NOTE This intermediate mode is intended to circumvent obstacles, eject debris and inhibit side-guard sinking
into the material.
4.7.2.4 Maintenance
For maintenance of the milling equipment (e.g. replacing or cleaning the milling tools), it shall be possible
to turn the milling equipment either manually (e.g. using a hand crank) or to turn the milling drum in a
maintenance mode according to ISO 20500-1:—, 4.10.2.4 with the following additions:
— the circumferential speed shall not exceed 0,25 m/s;
— the control shall be of the hold-to-run type;
— when the control is permanently actuated, the milling equipment shall not turn more than ¼ revolution
or longer than for 4 s.
4.7.3 Lowering the milling equipment
The machine shall be designed to minimize the risk of unintentional movement (e.g. jumping backwards)
when lowering the milling equipment to the cutting mode by implementing one or more of the following
examples:
— Up-cut milling;
— Optimize friction coefficient/weight of the machine;
— Reduce the lowering speed for the milling drum;
— Restrict travelling in reverse direction when the milling drum rotates.
4.8 Signal devices and warning signs
ISO 20500-1:—, 4.15 applies with the following addition:
— a legible and indelible warning sign (see e.g. ISO 9244:2008+Amd 1:2016, Figure C.22) shall be applied on
both sides to the guards of the milling equipment; they shall be visible from outside the danger areas;
— a legible and indelible warning sign (e.g. a combination of ISO 9244:2008+Amd 1:2016, Figure A.39 and
Figure B.3) at the rear of the machine to keep the area clear.
4.9 Conveyors
ISO 20500-1:—, 4.8 applies with the following exception:
ISO 20500-1:—, 4.8.1 applies for bend pulleys of profiled belt conveyors (see ISO 20500-1:—, Figure 8, Key 3)
to heights of up to 2,5 m above ground with the conveyor in its loading position.
4.10 Electro-magnetic compatibility (EMC)
ISO 20500-1:—, 4.18 applies with the following addition:
The antenna shall be located successively on the left- and right-hand sides of the road-milling machine, with
the antenna parallel to the plane of the longitudinal symmetry of the road-milling machine and in line with
the SIP (seat index point).
4.11 Noise
ISO 20500-1:—, 4.19 applies with the following addition:
For the determination of the noise emission values, Annex A shall apply.
For road-milling machines, the main sources of noise are the engine, the hydraulic components, the cooling
system and the working process (e.g. milling process).
5 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures
Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures of Clauses 4 and 6 shall be verified
according to Table 3.
Table 3 sets out verification methods which shall be applied for each safety requirement in this document.
Where X(s) is indicated in the table, the corresponding verification method(s) shall be applied.
Table 3 shall be read in conjunction with the corresponding clauses/subclauses.
Table 3 applies in addition to ISO 20500-1:—, Table 3.
Table 3 includes the following verification methods:
a) calculation: to establish that the requirements of this document have been met;
b) visual verification: to establish that something is present (e.g. a guard, a marking, a document);
c) measurement: to show that the required numerical values have been met (e.g. geometric dimensions,
safety distances, resistance of insulation of the electric circuits, results of physical tests);
d) functional tests: to show that the adequate signals intended to be forwarded to the main control
system of the complete machine are available and conform to the requirements and the technical
documentation;
e) special verification: by reference to a standard which is mentioned in the corresponding clause/
subclause.
Table 3 — Verification of safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures
Clause/ Title a) b) c) d) e)
Subclause Cal- Visual Meas- Func- Spe-
number cula- veri- ure- tion- cial
tion fica- ment al veri-
tion test fica-
tion
4 Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures
4.1 General
4.1.1 Context X
4.1.2 Specific relation to ISO 20500-1 X
4.2 Visibility
4.2.1 General X X
4.2.2 Visibility performance criteria X
4.2.3 Visibility performance criteria for the RB X
4.3 Operating and handling
4.3.1 General X X X
4.3.2 Road-milling machines with emission reducing device by evacuation (EVAC-ERD) X X
4.4 Operator's station X
4.5 Stopping X X
4.6 Access system to operator's station and to maintenance points X X X
4.7 Protection
4.7.1 General X
4.7.2 Milling equipment X X
4.7.2.1 General X X X
4.7.2.2 Rear guards X X X
4.7.2.3 Side guards X X X
4.7.2.4 Maintenance X X X X
TTabablele 3 3 ((ccoonnttiinnueuedd))
Clause/ Title a) b) c) d) e)
Subclause Cal- Visual Meas- Func- Spe-
number cula- veri- ure- tion- cial
tion fica- ment al veri-
tion test fica-
tion
4.7.3 Lowering the milling equipment X
4.8 Signal devices and warning signs X X
4.9 Conveyors X X
4.10 Electro-magnetic compatibility (EMC) X X
4.11 Noise X X
6 Information for use X X
Annex A Noise test code for road-milling machines X
Annex B Examples of road-milling machines
Annex C Emission reducing device by evacuation (EVAC-ERD) – Test procedures X
6 Information for use – Operator´s manual
ISO 20500-1:—, 6.2 applies with the following addition:
— information for cleaning of the rotor compartment and the conveyor;
— information on corrective measures to be taken, if the ERD (if installed) does show improper or undesired
functions;
information on residual risks and instructions to minimize the risks during lowering of the milling device,
see 4.7.3.
Annex A
(normative)
Noise test code for road-milling machines
A.1 General
This noise test code specifies all the information necessary to carry out efficiently and under standardized
conditions the determination, declaration and verification of the noise emission characteristics of road-
milling machines.
Noise emission characteristics include emission sound pressure levels at operator´s station and the sound
power level. The determination of these quantities is necessary for:
— manufacturers to declare the noise emitted;
— comparing the noise emitted by machines in the family concerned;
— purposes of noise control at the source at the design stage;
— users to carry out their risk assessment with the help of sound pressure levels at operator's station.
The use of this noise test code ensures reproducibility of the determination of the noise emission
characteristics within specified limits determined by the grade of accuracy of the basic noise-measurement
method used. Noise-measurement methods allowed by this document are engineering methods (grade 2).
The operator´s position is specified by the manufacturer.
A.2 Determination of A-weighted sound power level
A.2.1 General
This annex specifies additional requirements for the determination of A-weighted sound power level
according to ISO 3744:2010.
A.2.2 Measurement surface
A hemispherical test area shall be used for measurement.
A.2.3 Size of the measurement surface
The radius shall be calculated from the basic length L of the machine (see Figure A.1):
Figure A.1 — Basic length L
The radius shall be:
— 4 m when the basic length L of the machine to be tested is less than or equal to 1,5 m;
— 10 m when the basic length L of the machine to be tested is greater than 1,5 m but less than or equal to 4 m;
— 16 m when the basic length L of the machine to be tested is greater than 4 m.
A.2.4 Microphone positions on the hemispherical measurement surface
Six microphone positions (i.e. positions 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12) shall be arranged according to Figure A.2.
Microphone
x/r y/r z
positions
2 0,7 0,7 1,5 m
4 −0,7 0,7 1,5 m
6 −0,7 −0,7 1,5 m
8 0,7 −0,7 1,5 m
10 −0,27 0,65 0,71r
12 0,27 −0,65 0,71r
Key
x distance between the microphone position and the Y-axis
y distance between the microphone position and the X-axis
z distance between the microphone position and the ground level
Figure A.2 — Microphone positions
A.2.5 Positioning of the machine
The centre of the machine shall coincide with the centre of the hemisphere which is the intersecting point of
the X-axis and Y-axis (see Figure A.2). The front (direction of travelling) of the machine shall point towards
the microphone positions 2 and 8. For positioning the machine, the middle of the basic length L shall be
regarded as the central point.
A.2.6 Repetition of the test
The A-weighted sound power level shall be determined at least three times. If at least two of the
determined values do not differ by more than 1 dB, further measurements are not necessary. Otherwise the
measurements shall be continued until 2 values differing by no more than 1 dB are obtained. The A-weighted
sound power level to be used for calculating the sound power level to be declared is the arithmetic mean of
both highest values that do not differ by more than 1 dB.
The total duration of each measurement at each microphone position shall be at least 15 s.
A.3 Determination of A-weighted emission sound pressure level at the operator's
position
A.3.1 General
This annex specifies additional requirements for the determination of the A-weighted emission sound
pressure level at operator's position of road-milling machines according to ISO 11201:2010 with grade 2 of
accuracy for a seating and/or standing operator. The operator´s position is specified by the manufacturer.
The operator shall be present during the test.
A.3.2 Enclosed operator's positions
When equipped with a cabin, all doors and windows shall be closed during measurement. The operator
station air circulation fan speed shall be set to mid-position.
A.3.3 Quantities to be determined
For machines designed for multiple operator positions on the operator station (e.g. left, right), the emission
sound pressure level at the operator's station is the highest emission value determined at the operator's
positions.
A.3.4 Repetition of the test
The sound pressure level shall be measured at least three times at each microphone position. If at least
two of the measured values do not differ by more than 1 dB, further measurements will not be necessary.
Otherwise, the measurements shall be continued until two values differing by no more than 1 dB are
obtained. The A-weighted emission sound pressure level to be used is the arithmetic mean of the two highest
values that do not differ by more than 1 dB.
The duration of each measurement at each microphone position shall be at least 15 s.
A.3.5 Microphone position(s)
For machines designed for multiple operator positions on the operator station (e.g. left, right), measurement
shall be carried out for all positions. The operator´s positions are specified by the manufacturer.
The measurement for a standing operator shall be carried out with the operator located within the area of
the standing surface as defined in ISO 20500-1:—, G.2.1.
A.4 Operating conditions for non-load measurement
A.4.1 General
The machine shall be equipped as determined by the manufacture; and all working units shall be fitted.
NOTE Measurements are without load; as the predominant sources for noise (i.e. engine, cooling system) are
operating in realistic conditions, this non-load static simulation reflects a milling machine while milling.
A.4.2 Fan speed
If the engine of the equipment or its hydraulic sy
...
ISO/TC 195
Secretariat: SAC
Date: 2024-10-302025-01-16
Mobile road construction machinery — Safety —
Part 2:
Specific requirements for road-milling machines
Machines mobiles pour la construction de routes — Sécurité —
Partie 2: Prescriptions spécifiques pour fraiseuses routières
FDIS stage
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication
may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
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Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents
Foreword . iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures . 4
4.1 General . 4
4.2 Visibility . 4
4.3 Operation and handling . 7
4.4 Operator's station . 8
4.5 Stopping . 8
4.6 Access system to operator's station and to maintenance points . 8
4.7 Protection . 8
4.8 Signal devices and warning signs . 11
4.9 Conveyors . 12
4.10 Electro-magnetic compatibility (EMC) . 12
4.11 Noise . 12
5 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures . 12
6 Information for use – Operator´s manual . 14
Annex A (normative) Noise test code for road-milling machines . 15
Annex B (informative) Examples of road-milling machines . 22
Annex C (normative) Emission reducing device by evacuation (EVAC-ERD) – Test procedures . 25
Annex D (informative) List of significant hazards . 50
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered . 54
Bibliography . 59
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
ISO documentsdocument should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules
of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawnISO draws attention to the possibility that some of the elementsimplementation of this
document may beinvolve the subjectuse of (a) patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence,
validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this
document, ISO had not received notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document.
However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information, which may be
obtained from the patent database available at www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for
identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the
document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see ).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 195, Building construction machinery and
equipment, in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee
CEN/TC 151, Construction equipment and building material machines - Safety, in accordance with the
Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
A list of all parts in the ISO 20500 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market
players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organisations, market surveillance etc.).
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the above-
mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting process
of this document.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are
covered are indicated in the Scope of this document.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-B
standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other
standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C
standard.
v
Mobile road construction machinery — Safety —
Part 2:
Specific requirements for road-milling machines
1 Scope
This document, together with ISO 20500-1:—, deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and
events relevant to road-milling machines when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which
are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex D) associated with the whole lifetime of the
machine as described in ISO 12100:2010, 5.4.
The requirements of this document are complementary to the common requirements formulated in ISO
20500-1:—. This document does not repeat the requirements of ISO 20500-1:— but supplements or modifies
the requirements for road-milling machines.
The following significant and relevant hazards are not covered in this document:
— lightning;
— vibration.
NOTE: A vibration test code is under preparation.
This document is not applicable to road-milling machines manufactured before the date of its publication.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3744:2010, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources using
sound pressure — Engineering methods for an essentially free field over a reflecting plane
ISO 11201:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission sound
pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane
with negligible environmental corrections
ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction
ISO 15645:2018, Road construction and maintenance equipment — Road -milling machinery — Terminology
and commercial specifications
ISO 20500-1:—, Mobile road construction machinery — Safety — Part 1: Common requirements
ISO 29042-4:2009, Safety of machinery — Evaluation of the emission of airborne hazardous substances — Part
4: Tracer method for the measurement of the capture efficiency of an exhaust system
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12100:2010, ISO 15645:2018,
ISO 20500-1:— and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1 3.1
road-milling machine
mobile road construction machine used to mill material from paved surfaces
Note 1 to entry: Examples can be found in Figures B.1, B.2 and B.3.
3.2 3.2
milling equipment
power-driven tool-carrier, equipped with tools for the milling process, to cut the material to be removed in an
abrasive manner
3.3 3.3
milling drum
power-driven tool-carrier comprising a cylindrical body, equipped with tools at the drums perimeter and
cutting the material to be erased by an upcut-milling-process during the milling operation
Note 1 to entry: Examples can be found in Annex B.
3.4 3.4
emission reducing device
ERD
system to extract or reduce emissions of airborne particles generated by the milling process from the area of
the operator’s stations of a road-milling machine
3.5 3.5
emission reducing device by evacuation
EVAC-ERD
ERD (3.4) system based on fluid-dynamic evacuation of airborne particles by technical means establishing an
accelerated airflow or negative pressure in the rotor chamber
Note 1 to entry: Rotor chamber asis shown in ISO 15645:2018, figure Figure A.3.
3.5.1 3.5.1
tracer gas test method
use of substances with an aerodynamic behaviour comparable to the pollutant under consideration and which
can be reliably measured
3.5.2 3.5.2
EVAC-ERD design volume flow
Q
design
mean volume flow of air discharged by the EVAC-ERD (3.5) and as specified by the manufacturer during design
phase
3.5.3 3.5.3
effective EVAC-ERD volume flow
Q
effective
mean volume flow of air discharged by the EVAC-ERD (3.5) as measured under specific test conditions
Note 1 to entry: The test conditions are specified in Annex C.
3.5.4 3.5.4
effective tracer gas volume flow
Q
SF_6
mean volume flow of tracer gas (3.5.10), e.g. SF injected into the EVAC-ERD (3.5) either via direct injection or
via the injection lance under specific test conditions
Note 1 to entry: The test conditions are specified in Annex C.
Note 2 to entry: SF6 is identified to have a high potential as green-house-gas. It can be substituted by alternative tracer
gases in the future.
3.5.5 3.5.5
measured capture efficiency of an EVAC-ERD
ηc
ratio of the mean concentration of tracer gas (3.5.10) measured in the EVAC-ERD (3.5) discharge during the
capture efficiency test to the mean concentration of tracer gas measured in the EVAC-ERD discharge during
the 100 % capture test
3.5.6 3.5.6
effective capture efficiency of an EVAC-ERD
η
c,effective, EUT
average of several samples of the ratio of the mass-flow rate of a specified pollutant directly collected by the
EVAC-ERD (3.5) to the uncontrolled mass-flow rate of this pollutant emitted from the machine with a Student-
T-correction for a confidence level of 90 % applied
Note 1 to entry: This value is the significant parameter of an EVAC-ERD.
3.5.7 3.5.7
ambient gas concentration
C
C ’
concentration measured at the point of sampling when no tracer gas (3.5.10) is actually released
Note 1 to entry: These concentrations represent the background concentrations and are used to correct the measured
concentration values C2 (3.5.8) and C3 (3.5.9) when determining the measured capture efficiency of an EVAC-ERD, ηc
(3.5.5). C designates the pre-test ambient gas concentration whereas C ’ represents the post-test ambient gas
1 1
concentration once the purge cycle is complete.
Note 2 to entry: Each test requires determination of the ambient gas concentrations C1 and C1’. These values can be
higher than earlier ambient gas concentration measurements if precedent measurements have been carried out in
advance or if residual concentration of tracer gas is present.
3.5.8 3.5.8
scaled tracer gas concentration
C
concentration measured at the point of sampling when the tracer gas (3.5.10) is directly released into the
EVAC-ERD (3.5) and diluted by the system volume-flow
Note 1 to entry: This concentration is used as 100 %-reference-value for determining the measured capture efficiency of
an EVAC-ERD, ηc (3.5.5).
3.5.9 3.5.9
EVAC-ERD-characteristic tracer-gas concentration
C
concentration measured at the point of sampling when the tracer gas (3.5.10) is released at a characteristic
point (e.g. under the distribution auger) and diluted by the system volume-flow
Note 1 to entry: For an example of a characteristic point, see Annex C.
Note 2 to entry: This concentration is used as a calculation-value for determining the measured capture efficiency of an
EVAC-ERD, η (3.5.5)
c .
3.5.10 3.5.10
tracer gas
gas used for the purpose of the tests, that is non-toxic, chemically inert, low background concentration or
environmental interferences, and is easily measured at low concentrations
Note 1 to entry: Historically SF has been a commonly used tracer gas.
Note 2 to entry: Other tracer gases can be used if future research identifies an appropriate substitute.
Note 3 to entry: The use of tracer gas is described in Annex C.
3.5.11 3.5.11
equipment under test
EUT
representative road-milling machine equipped with an EVAC-ERD (3.5) establishing a test-setup to carry out
a valid test
Note 1 to entry: The valid test is described in Annex C.
4 Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures
4.1 General
4.1.1 Context
Road-milling machines shall conform to the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures
of this clause. In addition, the machines shall be designed according to the principles of ISO 12100:2010 for
relevant but not significant hazards which are not dealt with by this document.
4.1.2 Specific relation to ISO 20500-1
Road-milling machines shall conform to the requirements of ISO 20500-1:—, as far as not modified or replaced
by the requirements of this document.
4.2 Visibility
4.2.1 General
ISO 20500-1:—, 4.2 applies with the additions specified in 4.2.2 and 4.2.3.
4.2.2 Visibility performance criteria
The measurement result shall show no maskings, or maskings smaller than or equal to the performance
table 1,, when tested using the setup details as
criteria with direct or indirect view as specified in Table 1
shown in Figure 1.
When there are two operator positions on the operator’s station, each operator position shall be evaluated
separately. The resulting maskings may be a combination (overlapping) of the individual maskings.
a) 12 m circle for large road-milling b) 12 m circle for small c) 12 m circle for small milling
machine (front road-milling machine with machine without conveyor (no or
mounted conveyor/operator’s conveyor (rear or front mounted very small conveyor/operator’s
station on the centre of the conveyor/operator’s station station on the rear of the machine)
machine) on the rear of the machine)
d) RB (side view) for large e) RB (side view) for small f) RB (side view) for small milling
road-milling machine (front road-milling machine with machine without conveyor (no or
mounted conveyor/operator’s conveyor (rear or front mounted very small conveyor/operator’s
station on the center of the conveyor/operator’s station station on the rear of the machine)
machine) on the rear of the machine)
g) RB (top view) for large h) RB (top view) for small i) RB (top view) for small milling
road-milling machine (front road-milling machine with machine without conveyor (no
mounted conveyor/operator’s conveyor (rear or front mounted or very small conveyor/operator’s
station on the centre of the conveyor/operator’s station station on the rear of the machine)
machine) on the rear of the machine)
Key
Y Y-axis and forward direction of machine
1 rectangular boundary, RB
H1 height of milling drum above ground in transport position (minimum 200 mm)
H2 height of conveyor above ground in a loading position (min. 3 000 mm)
L1 gap in the RB under the conveyor (no requirements, width of the conveyor + max. 150 mm on each side)
L2 distance from the machine to the RB (1 m)
Y Y-axis and forward direction of machine
NOTE 1 See Table 2 for the height of the RB.
NOTE 2 Origin of coordinate system in accordance with the specification of the manufacturer.
Figure 1 — Setup of machines
The distances for H , H and L shall be reported in the test report.
1 2 1
Table 1 — Visibility performance criteria
Sector A B C D E F RB
Large road-milling machine
Eye
205 mm 405 mm 405 mm 405 mm 405 mm 205 mm 405 mm
spacing
Number 2 times 2 times
and 700 mm and 700 mm and
No specific No specific No specific No specific
a
300 mm
width of 1 time 1 time
criteria criteria criteria criteria
masking
1 300 mm 1 300 mm
Small road-milling machine with front conveyor
Eye
205 mm 405 mm 405 mm 405 mm 405 mm 205 mm 405 mm
spacing
Sector A B C D E F RB
Number 2 times
and 700 mm and 1 time 1 time 1 time 1 time
2 times
a
300 mm
width of 1 time
700 mm
1 300 mm 1 300 mm 1 300 mm 1 300 mm
masking
1 300 mm
Small road-milling machine with rear conveyor
Eye
205 mm 405 mm 405 mm 405 mm 405 mm 205 mm 405 mm
spacing
Number 2 times
and 1 time 1 time 1 time 1 time 700 mm and
2 times
a
300 mm
width of 1 time
700 mm
1 300 mm 1 300 mm 1 300 mm 1 300 mm
masking
1 300 mm
Small road-milling machine without conveyor
Eye
205 mm 405 mm 405 mm 405 mm 405 mm 205 mm 405 mm
spacing
Number
1 time 1 time 1 time 1 time
and 2 times 2 times
a
300 mm
width of 700 mm 700 mm
1 300 mm 1 300 mm 1 300 mm 1 300 mm
masking
a
The width of the masking in the RB is applicable to every masking occurring.
4.2.3 Visibility performance criteria for the RB
The measurement result shall show no maskings, or maskings smaller than or equal to the acceptable
maskings (300 mm) when evaluated using the eye spacing specified in Table 1 for the RB and using the test
object height for each region as specified in Table 2.
Table 2 — Vertical test object height by machine type and region of rectangular boundary
Machine Type Region of the RB
Front side Left-hand side Right-hand Rear side
side
Large road-milling machine 1,5 m 1,5 m 1,5 m 1,5 m
(with gap XX under
the conveyor)
Small road-milling machine with 1,5 m 1,5 m 1,5 m 1,5 m
conveyor (with gap XX under (with gap XX
the conveyor if under the
applicable) conveyor if
applicable)
Small road-milling machine without 1,5 m 1,5 m 1,5 m 1,5 m
conveyor
4.3 Operation and handling
4.3.1 General
ISO 20500-1:—, 4.3 applies with the following addition:
To minimize the risk of dust and to minimize the risk of inhalable particles (e.g. silica, mineral fibers),
provisions for an ERD (e.g. a water sprinkling system, adjustable flaps) shall be made.
4.3.2 Road-milling machines with emission reducing device by evacuation (EVAC-ERD)
Road milling-machines with a milling width > 1 300 mm shall be so designed that in addition an emission
reducing device by evacuation (EVAC-ERD) can be fitted, if not already included in the base design of the
machine.
Annex C describes the test procedure for evaluating the capture efficiency of such an EVAC-ERD.
NOTE 1 National regulations or regional requirements can apply.
NOTE 2 A width of 1 300 mm is currently considered to be the threshold between rear-loading conveyor and front-
loading conveyor road-milling machines.
4.4 Operator's station
ISO 20500-1:—, 4.4 applies with the following exception:
— ISO 20500-1:—, 4.4.2, first paragraph, does not apply for road-milling machines.
— ISO 20500-1:—, 4.4.3, does not apply for road-milling machinery with an operating mass ≤ 4 500 kg.
4.5 Stopping
ISO 20500-1:—, 4.7.1 applies with the following addition:
It shall be possible to stop the milling equipment, even while the power unit (engine) is running.
4.6 Access system to operator's station and to maintenance points
ISO 20500-1:—, 4.9 applies with the following addition:
If the operator's station, operator's places and/or the access areas are placed in the vicinity of tracks or wheels,
measures shall be taken to minimiseminimize the hazard. If there are guards, they shall conform to ISO 20500-
1:—, 4.10.2.
ISO 20500-1:—, 4.4 applies with the following exemption and addition:
An alternative exit path according to ISO 2867:2011, 4.3 is not required for road-milling machines with a
milling width less or equal than 1,3 m.
4.7 Protection
4.7.1 General
ISO 20500-1:—, 4.10 applies with the additions specified in 4.7.2 and 4.7.3.
4.7.2 Milling equipment
4.7.2.1 General
For preventing access to the milling equipment and debris being ejected, milling equipment shall include front
guards in accordance with ISO 20500-1:—, 4.10.2, rear guards in accordance with 4.7.2.2, and side guards in
accordance with 4.7.2.3.
NOTE These guards can be movable or can be fully opened for maintenance.
4.7.2.2 Rear guards
Rear guards shall be designed so that:
— when they are opened, e.g.for example, for maintenance, or cleaning, operation of the milling equipment
is only possible manually or in the maintenance mode; the performance level shall meet the requirement
of 4.3.5 of Annex F of ISO 20500-1:xx:—, Annex F;
— they shall be fitted with a holding device in order to be secured while opened for maintenance;
— distances between the ground level and the lower part of the guard shall not exceed 1,5 times the milling
depth during operation and in order to complete material discharge (windrowing) or the lowering of the
milling drum adjacent to an obstacle.
NOTE The material to be discharged forms a windrow that closes the gap.
— a distance guard shall be fitted on road-milling machine with the milling equipment located at the rear of
the machine, see Figure 2.
Structural parts of the machines and/or conveyors may be considered as part of the distance guards.
Key
1 distance guard
2 rear guard
Figure 2 — Rear guard
4.7.2.3 Side-guards
Power-operated side guards of the milling drum guards, intended to be controlled during operation of the
machine, shall conform to the following design criteria:
— the power-operated side guards shall automatically return to their normal (pre-set) position when the
controls are released except when the milling drum is stopped; the performance level shall meet the
requirement of 4.3 of Annex F of ISO 20500-1:xx:—, Annex F;
— the controls shall be fitted out of danger areas and allowing the operator view to the side guards;
— a yellow flashing light shall be fitted within the danger areas and shall be activated whenever the controls
are operated;
— the power-operated side guards shall automatically return to their normal (pre-set) position when the
controls are released except when the milling drum is stopped;
— the side-guards shall be designed so that they can only be locked in the raised position (e.g. for
maintenance) when the milling drum is off or in maintenance mode;
— side-guards may be at intermediate mode keeping them lifted above the material but not exceeding the
permissible values of ISO 20500-1:—, 4.10.
NOTE This intermediate mode is intended to circumvent obstacles, eject debris and inhibit side-guard sinking into
the material.
4.7.2.4 Maintenance
For maintenance of the milling equipment (e.g. replacing or cleaning the milling tools), it shall be possible to
turn the milling equipment either manually (e.g. using a hand crank) or to turn the milling drum in a
maintenance mode according to ISO 20500-1:—, 4.10.2.4 with the following additions:
— the circumferential speed shall not exceed 0,25 m/s;
— the control shall be of the hold-to-run type;
— when the control is permanently actuated, the milling equipment shall not turn more than ¼ revolution
or longer than for 4 s.
4.7.3 Lowering the milling equipment
The machine shall be designed to minimize the risk of unintentional movement (e.g. jumping backwards)
when lowering the milling equipment to the cutting mode by implementing one or more of the following
examples:
— Up-cut milling;
— Optimize friction coefficient/weight of the machine;
— Reduce the lowering speed for the milling drum;
— Restrict travelling in reverse direction when the milling drum rotates.
4.8 Signal devices and warning signs
ISO 20500-1:—, 4.15 applies with the following addition:
— a legible and indelible warning sign (see e.g. ISO 9244:2008+Amd 1:2016, Figure C.22) shall be applied on
both sides to the guards of the milling equipment; they shall be visible from outside the danger areas;
— a legible and indelible warning sign (e.g. a combination of ISO 9244:2008+Amd 1:2016, Figure A.39 and
Figure B.3) at the rear of the machine to keep the area clear.
4.9 Conveyors
ISO 20500-1:—, 4.8 applies with the following exception:
ISO 20500-1:—, 4.8.1 applies for bend pulleys of profiled belt conveyors (see ISO 20500-1:—, Figure 8, Key 3)
to heights of up to 2,5 m above ground with the conveyor in its loading position.
4.10 Electro-magnetic compatibility (EMC)
ISO 20500-1:—, 4.18 applies with the following addition:
The antenna shall be located successively on the left- and right-hand sides of the road-milling machine, with
the antenna parallel to the plane of the longitudinal symmetry of the road-milling machine and in line with the
SIP (seat index point).
4.11 Noise
ISO 20500-1:—, 4.19 applies with the following addition:
For the determination of the noise emission values, Annex A shall apply.
For road-milling machines, the main sources of noise are the engine, the hydraulic components, the cooling
system, and the working process (e.g. milling process).
5 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction
measures
Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures of Clauses 4 and 6 shall be verified according
to Table 3.
Table 3 sets out verification methods which shall be applied for each safety requirement in this document.
Where X(s) is indicated in the table, the corresponding verification method(s) shall be applied.
Table 3 shall be read in conjunction with the corresponding clauses/subclauses.
Table 3Table 3 applies in addition to Table 3 of Part ISO 20500-1:—, Table 3.
Table 3 includes the following verification methods:
a) calculation: to establish that the requirements of this document have been met;
b) visual verification: to establish that something is present (e.g. a guard, a marking, a document);
c) measurement: to show that the required numerical values have been met (e.g. geometric dimensions,
safety distances, resistance of insulation of the electric circuits, results of physical tests);
d) functional tests: to show that the adequate signals intended to be forwarded to the main control system
of the complete machine are available and conform to the requirements and the technical documentation;
e) special verification: by reference to a standard which is mentioned in the corresponding clause/subclause.
Table 3 — Verification of safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures
Clause/Su Title a) b) c) d) e)
bclause Cal Vis Me Fu Spe
number cul ual asu nct cial
ati ver re ion ver
on ific me al ific
ati nt tes ati
on t on
4 Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures
4.1 General
4.1.1 Context X
4.1.2 Specific relation to ISO 20500-1 X
4.2 Visibility
4.2.1 General X X
4.2.2 Visibility performance criteria X
4.2.3 Visibility performance criteria for the RB X
4.3 Operating and handling
4.3.1 General X X X
4.3.2 Road-milling machines with emission reducing device by evacuation X X
(EVAC-ERD)
4.4 Operator's station X
4.5 Stopping X X
4.6 Access system to operator's station and to maintenance points X X X
4.7 Protection
4.7.1 General X
4.7.2 Milling equipment X X
4.7.2.1 General X X X
4.7.2.2 Rear guards X X X
4.7.2.3 Side guards X X X
4.7.2.4 Maintenance X X X X
4.7.3 Lowering the milling equipment X
4.8 Signal devices and warning signs X X
4.9 Conveyors X X
4.10 Electro-magnetic compatibility (EMC) X X
4.11 Noise X X
6 Information for use X X
Annex A Noise test code for road-milling machines X
Annex B Examples of road-milling machines
Annex C Emission reducing device by evacuation (EVAC-ERD) – Test X
procedures
6 Information for use – Operator´s manual
ISO 20500-1:—, 6.2 applies with the following addition:
— information for cleaning of the rotor compartment and the conveyor;
— information on corrective measures to be taken, if the ERD (if installed) does show improper or undesired
functions;
information on residual risks and instructions to minimize the risks during lowering of the milling device, see
4.7.3.
Annex A
(normative)
Noise test code for road-milling machines
A.1 General
This noise test code specifies all the information necessary to carry out efficiently and under standardized
conditions the determination, declaration and verification of the noise emission characteristics of road-milling
machines.
Noise emission characteristics include emission sound pressure levels at operator´s station and the sound
power level. The determination of these quantities is necessary for:
— manufacturers to declare the noise emitted;
— comparing the noise emitted by machines in the family concerned;
— purposes of noise control at the source at the design stage;
— users to carry out their risk assessment with the help of sound pressure levels at operator's station.
The use of this noise test code ensures reproducibility of the determination of the noise emission
characteristics within specified limits determined by the grade of accuracy of the basic noise-measurement
method used. Noise-measurement methods allowed by this document are engineering methods (grade 2).
The operator´s position asis specified by the manufacturer.
A.2 Determination of A-weighted sound power level
A.2.1 General
This annex specifies additional requirements for the determination of A-weighted sound power level
according to ISO 3744:2010.
A.2.2 Measurement surface
A hemispherical test area shall be used for measurement.
A.2.3 Size of the measurement surface
The radius shall be calculated from the basic length L of the machine (see Figure A.1):
Figure A.1 — Basic length L
The radius shall be:
— 4 m when the basic length L of the machine to be tested is less than or equal to 1,5 m;
— 10 m when the basic length L of the machine to be tested is greater than 1,5 m but less than or equal to
4 m;
— 16 m when the basic length L of the machine to be tested is greater than 4 m.
A.2.4 Microphone positions on the hemispherical measurement surface
Six microphone positions (i.e. positions 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12) shall be arranged according to Figure A.2.
Microphone
x/r y/r z
positions
2 0,7 0,7 1,5 m
4 −0,7 0,7 1,5 m
6 −0,7 −0,7 1,5 m
8 0,7 −0,7 1,5 m
10 −0,27 0,65 0,71r
12 0,27 −0,65 0,71r
Key
x distance between the microphone position and the Y-axis
y distance between the microphone position and the X-axis
z distance between the microphone position and the ground level
Figure A.2 — Microphone positions
A.2.5 Positioning of the machine
The centre of the machine shall coincide with the centre of the hemisphere which is the intersecting point of
the X-axis and Y-axis (see Figure A.2). The front (direction of travelling) of the machine shall point towards
the microphone positions 2 and 8. For positioning the machine, the middle of the basic length L shall be
regarded as the central point.
A.2.6 Repetition of the test
The A-weighted sound power level shall be determined at least three times. If at least two of the determined
values do not differ by more than 1 dB, further measurements are not necessary. Otherwise the measurements
shall be continued until 2 values differing by no more than 1 dB are obtained. The A-weighted sound power
level to be used for calculating the sound power level to be declared is the arithmetic mean of both highest
values that do not differ by more than 1 dB.
The total duration of each measurement at each microphone position shall be at least 15 s.
A.3 Determination of A-weighted emission sound pressure level at the
operator's position
A.3.1 General
This annex specifies additional requirements for the determination of the A-weighted emission sound
pressure level at operator's position of road-milling machines according to ISO 11201:2010 with grade 2 of
accuracy for a seating and/or standing operator. The operator´s position asis specified by the manufacturer.
The operator shall be present during the test.
A.3.2 Enclosed operator's positions
When equipped with a cabin, all doors and windows shall be closed during measurement. The operator station
air circulation fan speed shall be set to mid-position.
A.3.3 Quantities to be determined
For machines designed for multiple operator positions on the operator station (e.g. left, right), the emission
sound pressure level at the operator's station is the highest emission value determined at the operator's
positions.
A.3.4 Repetition of the test
The sound pressure level shall be measured at least three times at each microphone position. If at least two of
the measured values do not differ by more than 1 dB, further measurements will not be necessary. Otherwise,
the measurements shall be continued until two values differing by no more than 1 dB are obtained. The A-
weighted emission sound pressure level to be used is the arithmetic mean of the two highest values that do
not differ by more than 1 dB.
The duration of each measurement at each microphone position shall be at least 15 s.
A.3.5 Microphone position(s)
For machines designed for multiple operator positions on the operator station (e.g. left, right), measurement
shall be carried out for all positions. The operator´s positions are specified by the manufacturer.
The measurement for a standing operator shall be carried out with the operator located within the area of the
standing surface as defined in ISO 20500-1:—, G.2.1.
A.4 Operating conditions for non-load measurement
A.4.1 General
The machine shall be equipped as determined by the manufacture; and all working units shall be fitted.
NOTE Measurements isare without load,; as the predominant sources for noise (i.e. engine, cooling system) are
operating in realistic conditions, this non-load static simulation reflects a milling machine while milling.
A.4.2 Fan speed
If the engine of the equipment or its hydraulic system is fitted with (a) fans(s) it (they) shall operate during
the test. The fan speed is, in accordance with one of the following conditions, stated and set by the
manufacturer of the equipment and shall appear in the test report, this speed being used in further
measurements.
a) Fan drive directly connected to the engine
If the fan drive is directly connected to the engine and/or hydraulic equipment (e.g. by belt drive) it must
operate during the test.
b) Fan drive with several distinct speeds
If the fan can work at several distinct speeds the test shall be carried out either
— at its maximum working speed, or
— in a first test with the fan set at zero speed and in a second test the fan set at maximum speed. The resulting
sound pressure level L shall then be calculated by combining both test results using the following
pA
equation:
𝐿𝐿 = 10lg{0,3 × 100,1𝐿𝐿 +𝐿𝐿 + 0,7 × 100,1𝐿𝐿 }𝐿𝐿 }
pA pA,0% pA,0 % pA,100% pA,100 %
where:
L is the sound pressure level determined with the fan set at zero speed;
pA,0 %
L is the sound pressure level determined with the fan set at maximum speed.
pA,100 %
c) Fan drive with continuous variable speed
If the fan can work at continuous variable speed, the test shall be carried out either according to A.4.2 b) or
with the fan speed set by the manufacturer at no less than 70 % of the maximum speed.
A.4.3 Operating conditions for working units
The engine of the machine shall operate at the nominal speed indicated by the manufacturer. All working units
(e.g. milling equipment, conveyor, EVAC-ERD) shall be activated and operate at their respective rated speeds
free of load.
A.5 Uncertainty
The measurement uncertainty and, in the case of series machines, the uncertainty due to production variations
shall be considered when determining the value of the A-weighted sound power level and that of the A-
weighted emission sound pressure level at the operator's position.
Current experience shows that the total uncertainty (measurement plus production) of road-milling machines
is less than K = 1,0 dB for the A-weighted sound power levels and less than K = 2,0 dB for the A-weighted
WA pA
emission sound pressure level.
NOTE Guidance on figures associated to the standard deviation of reproducibility of machines in the scope of this
document can be found in RfU 07-003 R2. Only if the pre-conditions of this RfU 07-003 R2 are met, it is justified to use
thosethe values as indicated in A.5A.5.
A.6 Information to be recorded
ISO 3744:2010 and ISO 11201:2010 shall apply with the following additions:
— type and output of engine;
— engine speed;
— fan speed;
— measurement duration t for each measurement;
M
— description of the test environment;
— A-weighted sound pressure levels from each of the three significant measurements at the operator's
position and the resulting emission sound pressure level;
— A-weighted sound power level from each of the three significant measurements and the resulting sound
power level as sound power value;
— place, date of measurement, test laboratory and person responsible.
A.7 Information to be reported
ISO 3744:2010 and ISO 11201:2010 shall ap
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