ISO 8124-1:2018
(Main)Safety of toys — Part 1: Safety aspects related to mechanical and physical properties
Safety of toys — Part 1: Safety aspects related to mechanical and physical properties
The requirements in ISO 8124-1:2018 apply to all toys, i.e. any product or material designed or clearly intended for use in play by children under 14 years of age. They are applicable to a toy as it is initially received by the consumer and, in addition, they apply after a toy is subjected to reasonably foreseeable conditions of normal use and abuse unless specifically noted otherwise. The requirements of this document specify acceptable criteria for structural characteristics of toys, such as shape, size, contour, spacing (e.g. rattles, small parts, sharp points and edges, and hinge-line clearances) as well as acceptable criteria for properties peculiar to certain categories of toy (e.g. maximum kinetic energy values for non-resilient-tipped projectiles and minimum tip angles for certain ride-on toys). ISO 8124-1:2018 specifies requirements and test methods for toys intended for use by children in various age groups from birth to 14 years. The requirements vary according to the age group for which a particular toy is intended. The requirements for a particular age group reflect the nature of the hazards and the expected mental and/or physical abilities of a child to cope with them. ISO 8124-1:2018 also requires that appropriate warnings and/or instructions for use be given on certain toys or their packaging. Due to linguistic problems which may occur in different countries, the wording of these warnings and instructions is not specified but given as general information in Annex B. It should be noted that different legal requirements exist in many countries with regard to such marking. ISO 8124-1:2018 does not purport to cover or include every conceivable potential hazard of a particular toy or toy category. Except for labelling requirements indicating the functional hazards and the age range for which the toy is intended, this document has no requirements for those characteristics of toys which represent an inherent and recognized hazard which is integral to the function of the toy. EXAMPLE 1 An example of such a hazard is the sharp point necessary for the proper function of a needle. The needle is a hazard which is well understood by the purchaser of a toy sewing kit, and the functional sharp-point hazard is communicated to the user as part of the normal educational process of learning to sew as well as at the point of purchase by means of cautionary labelling on the product's packaging. EXAMPLE 2 As a further example, a two-wheeled toy scooter has inherent and recognized hazards associated with its use (e.g. instability during use, especially while learning). The potential hazards associated with its structural characteristics (sharp edges, pinch hazards, etc.) will be minimized by compliance with the requirements of this document.
Sécurité des jouets — Partie 1: Aspects de sécurité relatifs aux propriétés mécaniques et physiques
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 8124-1
Fifth edition
2018-03
Safety of toys —
Part 1:
Safety aspects related to mechanical
and physical properties
Sécurité des jouets —
Partie 1: Aspects de sécurité relatifs aux propriétés mécaniques et
physiques
Reference number
ISO 8124-1:2018(E)
©
ISO 2018
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ISO 8124-1:2018(E)
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ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
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ISO 8124-1:2018(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .vii
Introduction .viii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 3
3 Terms and definitions . 3
4 Requirements .15
4.1 Normal use .15
4.2 Reasonably foreseeable abuse .15
4.3 Material .16
4.3.1 Material quality .16
4.3.2 Expanding materials .16
4.4 Small parts .16
4.4.1 For children under 36 months .16
4.4.2 For children 36 months and over but under 72 months .17
4.5 Shape, size and strength of certain toys .17
4.5.1 Squeeze toys, rattles, fasteners, and certain other toys and components of toys .17
4.5.2 Small balls .20
4.5.3 Pompoms .20
4.5.4 Pre-school play figures .20
4.5.5 Toy pacifiers .21
4.5.6 Balloons .21
4.5.7 Marbles .21
4.5.8 Hemispheric-shaped toys .21
4.6 Edges .24
4.6.1 Accessible sharp edges of glass or metal .24
4.6.2 Functional sharp edges .24
4.6.3 Edges on metal toys .25
4.6.4 Edges on moulded toys . . .25
4.6.5 Edges on exposed bolts or threaded rods .25
4.7 Points .25
4.7.1 Accessible sharp points .25
4.7.2 Functional sharp points .25
4.7.3 Wooden toys .26
4.8 Projections .26
4.8.1 General requirements .26
4.8.2 Special considerations for bath toy projections.26
4.9 Metal wires and rods .26
4.10 Plastic film or plastic bags in packaging and in toys .27
4.11 Cords .28
4.11.1 General.28
4.11.2 Cords in toys intended for children under 18 months .28
4.11.3 Cords in toys intended for children 18 months and over but under 36 months .29
4.11.4 Fixed loops and nooses intended for children under 36 months .30
4.11.5 Cords on pull toys .30
4.11.6 Electrical cables .30
4.11.7 Diameter of certain cords intended for children under 36 months .30
4.11.8 Self-retracting cords intended for children under 36 months .30
4.11.9 Toys attached to or intended to be strung across, or otherwise attached
to, a cradle, cot, perambulator or carriage .30
4.11.10 Cords on toy bags .31
4.11.11 Cords, strings and lines for flying toys .31
4.12 Folding mechanisms .31
4.12.1 Toy pushchairs, perambulators and similar toys .31
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ISO 8124-1:2018(E)
4.12.2 Other toys with folding mechanisms .32
4.12.3 Hinge-line clearance .33
4.13 Holes, clearances and accessibility of mechanisms .33
4.13.1 Circular holes in rigid materials .33
4.13.2 Accessible clearances for movable segments .33
4.13.3 Chains or belts in ride-on toys .33
4.13.4 Other driving mechanisms .34
4.13.5 Winding keys .34
4.14 Springs .35
4.15 Stability and overload requirements .35
4.15.1 Stability of ride-on toys and seats .35
4.15.2 Overload requirements for ride-on toys and seats .36
4.15.3 Stability of stationary floor toys .36
4.16 Enclosures .36
4.16.1 Ventilation .36
4.16.2 Closures .37
4.16.3 Toys that enclose the head .38
4.17 Simulated protective equipment, such as helmets, hats and goggles .38
4.18 Projectile toys .38
4.18.1 General.38
4.18.2 Projectiles .39
4.18.3 Projectile toys with stored energy .40
4.18.4 Projectile toys without stored energy .42
4.19 Rotors and propellers .44
4.20 Aquatic toys .44
4.21 Braking .44
4.22 Toy bicycles .45
4.22.1 Instructions for use.45
4.22.2 Determination of maximum saddle height .45
4.22.3 Braking requirements .45
4.23 Speed limitation of electrically driven ride-on toys .46
4.24 Toys containing a heat source .46
4.25 Liquid-filled toys .47
4.26 Mouth-actuated toys .47
4.27 Toy roller skates, toy inline skates and toy skateboards .47
4.28 Percussion caps specifically designed for use in toys .47
4.29 Acoustic requirements .47
4.30 Toy scooters .48
4.30.1 General.48
4.30.2 Warnings and instructions for use .49
4.30.3 Strength .49
4.30.4 Stability .49
4.30.5 Adjustable and folding steering tubes and handlebars .49
4.30.6 Braking .50
4.30.7 Wheel size .50
4.30.8 Projections .50
4.31 Magnets and magnetic components .50
4.31.1 Magnetic/electrical experimental sets intended for children 8 years and over .50
4.31.2 All other toys with magnets and magnetic components .50
4.32 Yo-yo balls .51
4.33 Straps intended to be worn fully or partially around the neck .51
4.34 Sledges and toboggans with cords for pulling .52
4.35 Jaw entrapment in handles and steering wheels .52
5 Test methods .52
5.1 General .52
5.2 Small parts test .53
5.3 Test for shape and size of certain toys .54
5.4 Small balls test .55
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ISO 8124-1:2018(E)
5.5 Test for pompoms .55
5.6 Test for pre-school play figures .56
5.7 Accessibility of a part or component .56
5.7.1 Principle .56
5.7.2 Apparatus .56
5.7.3 Procedure .57
5.8 Sharp-edge test .58
5.8.1 Principle .58
5.8.2 Apparatus .58
5.8.3 Procedure .59
5.9 Sharp-point test.60
5.9.1 Principle .60
5.9.2 Apparatus .60
5.9.3 Procedure .61
5.10 Determination of thickness of plastic film and sheeting .61
5.10.1 General.61
5.10.2 Apparatus .61
5.10.3 Procedure .61
5.11 Test for cords .62
5.11.1 Cord cross-sectional dimension .62
5.11.2 Length of cords and electrical cables .62
5.11.3 Breakaway feature separation test .63
5.11.4 Test for fixed loops and nooses .63
5.11.5 Self-retracting cords .67
5.11.6 Electrical resistance of cords.68
5.12 Stability and overload tests .68
5.12.1 General.68
5.12.2 Sideways stability test, feet available for stabilization .68
5.12.3 Sideways stability test, feet unavailable for stabilization .68
5.12.4 Fore and aft stability test .69
5.12.5 Overload test for ride-on toys and seats.69
5.12.6 Stability test of stationary floor toys .69
5.13 Test for closures and toy chest lids .69
5.13.1 Closures .70
5.13.2 Toy chest lids .70
5.14 Impact test for toys that cover the face .70
5.15 Kinetic energy and wall impact test.70
5.15.1 Kinetic energy of projectiles .71
5.15.2 Wall impact test for projectiles.73
5.16 Free-wheeling facility and brake performance test .74
5.16.1 Determination of free-wheeling facility .74
5.16.2 Brake performance for mechanically or electrically powered ride-on toys
other than toy bicycles .74
5.16.3 Brake performance for toy bicycles .75
5.17 Determination of speed of electrically driven ride-on toys .75
5.18 Determination of temperature increases .75
5.19 Leakage of liquid-filled toys .75
5.20 Durability of mouth-actuated toys .76
5.21 Expanding materials .76
5.22 Folding or sliding mechanisms .76
5.22.1 Loads .76
5.22.2 Toy pushchairs and perambulators .76
5.22.3 Other toys with folding mechanisms .
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