ISO/TS 5283-1:2025

Road vehicles — Driver readiness and intervention management — Part 1: Partial automation (Level 2)

The purpose of this document is to provide background information on driver state monitoring (DSM) in the context of partial driving automation (SAE L2). It describes existing DSM implementations (including system interventions), the underlying design guidelines and provisions by relevant stakeholders in the field, as well as considerations on how to validate the effectiveness of driver state-related system interventions. Moreover, the document introduces a conceptual framework for “driver readiness and intervention management” for the purpose of providing a comprehensive view of relevant aspects of driver readiness and harmonizing terms and definitions in this field. It is believed that this framework can be helpful when comparing different approaches for driver state assessment. The document does not contain any specific technical requirements for current or future system implementations of driver state monitoring.

Véhicules routiers — Gestion de la préparation et de l'intervention du conducteur — Partie 1: Automatisation partielle (niveau 2)

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 22-Oct-2025
• ICS: 43.040.15 - Car informatics. On board computer systems
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 22/SC 39 - Ergonomics
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 22/SC 39 - Ergonomics
• Current Stage: 6060 - International Standard published
• Start Date: 23-Oct-2025
• Due Date: 04-May-2025
• Completion Date: 23-Oct-2025

Standards Content (Sample)

Technical
Specification
ISO/TS 5283-1
First edition
Road vehicles — Driver readiness
2025-10
and intervention management —
Part 1:
Partial automation (Level 2)
Véhicules routiers — Gestion de la préparation et de
l'intervention du conducteur —
Partie 1: Automatisation partielle (niveau 2)
Reference number
© ISO 2025
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ii
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Implementations of partial driving automation . 2
4.1 General .2
4.2 L2 hands-on and hands-off implementations .2
4.3 Current designs of driver state related system interventions .3
5 Empirical findings with respect to driver states and behaviour during partial driving
automation . 4
5.1 General .4
5.2 General effects of driving automation on driver states and performance .4
5.2.1 Driver distraction .5
5.2.2 Drowsiness .6
5.2.3 Disconnection from physical control .6
5.2.4 Mental models, system trust and the role of user expectation .9
6 Overview of requirements and guidelines on driver state monitoring from core
standardization and regulatory bodies . 9
6.1 General .9
6.2 Legal/regulatory bodies .10
6.2.1 UN R79 .10
6.2.2 UN R171 .10
6.2.3 EU 2019/2144 .10
6.2.4 UN R157 . . . 12
6.3 Standards and norms. 12
6.3.1 ISO/SAE PAS 22736 (SAE J3016) . 12
6.3.2 SAE J3114 . 12
6.3.3 ISO 21717 . 13
6.4 Other stakeholders . 13
6.4.1 Euro NCAP . 13
6.4.2 NTSB .14
6.4.3 NHTSA . .14
6.5 Summary of reports .14
7 A conceptual framework for driver readiness and intervention management . 14
7.1 General .14
7.2 The notion of “driver readiness” .14
7.3 Conceptualizing driver readiness and intervention management . 15
7.3.1 Definitions of requirements on driver readiness .16
7.3.2 Layers of driver readiness .17
7.3.3 Measurement of driver state indicators .18
7.3.4 Driver readiness assessment and system intervention .19
8 High-level considerations regarding the design of driver readiness and intervention
management . 19
8.1 What and how to measure .19
8.1.1 Driver availability . 22
8.1.2 Engagement in DDT . 23
8.1.3 Intention to intervene . 25
8.1.4 Utilizing multiple measures for assessing driver readiness . 25
8.2 Challenges in the design of system intervention strategies . 26
9 Considerations for validation of driver readiness and intervention management systems .27

iii
9.1 General .27
9.2 Unintended driver behaviour without a DMS and its associated risk.27
9.3 Effectiveness of the DMS in mitigating unintended behaviour .27
9.4 Impact of the driving automation system integrated with the DMS on safety related
measures in realistic corner-case scenario .27
9.5 Field safety effect . 28
Bibliography .29

iv
Foreword
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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22 Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 39,
Ergonomics.
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v
Introduction
According to the Society for Automotive Engineers (SAE) guidelines, in Level 2 partial driving automation
(ISO/SAE PAS 22736), the driver is expected to be engaged in the dynamic driving task (DDT). Namely,
supervising the automated system while both longitudinal and
...