ISO 21956:2019
(Main)Road vehicles — Ergonomics aspects of transport information and control systems — Human machine interface specifications for keyless ignition systems
Road vehicles — Ergonomics aspects of transport information and control systems — Human machine interface specifications for keyless ignition systems
This document provides human machine interface (HMI) design specifications for keyless ignition systems that use key code carrying device for passenger cars (including sport utility vehicles and light trucks) and commercial vehicles (including heavy trucks and buses), independent of vehicle propulsion system. HMI specifications for the electrical key functions include actuation in normal conditions, emergencies, low battery, and avoidance of inadvertent actuations, alerts and specific non-standard situations.
Véhicules routiers — Aspects ergonomiques des systèmes de commande et d'information du transport — Spécifications d'interface homme-machine pour des systèmes de démarrage sans clé
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 21956
First edition
2019-11
Road vehicles — Ergonomics aspects
of transport information and control
systems — Human machine interface
specifications for keyless ignition
systems
Véhicules routiers — Aspects ergonomiques des systèmes de
commande et d'information du transport — Spécifications d'interface
homme-machine pour des systèmes de démarrage sans clé
Reference number
©
ISO 2019
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Design guidelines . 3
4.1 Actuation of keyless ignition control . 3
4.1.1 Actuation for emergency starting – Restarting the propulsion system after
unintended engine stall . 3
4.1.2 Actuation for starting – Design to avoid accidental starting – Stationary vehicle . 3
4.1.3 Actuation for stopping while a vehicle with automatic start/stop is in run mode . 3
4.1.4 Actuation for stopping (commercial vehicles only) – Design to avoid
accidental stopping - Stationary vehicle. 3
4.1.5 Actuation for emergency stopping – Interruption of starting . 3
4.2 Starting a propulsion system in case key code carrying device battery runs out . 3
4.2.1 Operation methods . 4
4.2.2 Instructions in case key code carrying device battery runs out . 4
4.3 Alerts and information to the driver . 4
4.3.1 Key left in vehicle . . . 4
4.3.2 Missing key code carrying device when starting vehicle propulsion system . 4
4.3.3 Ignition mode active at exit . 5
4.3.4 Ignition mode active at exit (commercial vehicles only) . 5
4.3.5 Key code carrying device leaves the vehicle . 5
4.3.6 Power shut off without key code carrying device . 6
4.3.7 Power shut off when not in “parked” or without activated parking brake
for automatic transmission vehicles . 6
4.3.8 Power shut off when not in “parked” or “neutral” for automatic
transmission vehicles (commercial vehicles only) . 7
4.3.9 Steering not unlocked . 7
Annex A (informative) Keyless ignition control use cases . 8
Bibliography .11
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 39,
Ergonomics.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
Introduction
The conventional method of operating motor ignition systems requires use of a mechanical key. Keyless
ignition systems, that do not require the mechanical interface with the vehicle, improve driver’s
convenience and are becoming more widespread. This has created a need for immediate standardization
of the Human Machine Interface (HMI), since some drivers may have difficulty understanding how
to use these systems. This document complements SAE J2948, which covers the operation of keyless
ignition systems with the goal of helping to minimize user-initiated errors. That includes:
— the inability to start and stop the vehicle propulsion system,
— exiting the vehicle with the automatic transmission in a non-parking gear,
— exiting the vehicle while the vehicle propulsion system is enabled, and
— exiting the vehicle while the vehicle propulsion system is disabled, but the accessory or electrical
systems are active.
This document's scope differs from SAE J2948 as follows:
— actuation of keyless ignition control that is equipped with automatic start/stop systems,
— actuation to start or stop the vehicle propulsion system under emergency situations,
— actuation to start the propulsion system with low battery in the key,
— actuation of keyless ignition control without key code carrying device, and
— recommendations for detailed alerts and status indications identified with specific use-case
examples.
Many of these HMI issues vary among manufacturers and even among models from the same
manufacturer. To help clarify the use of keyless ignition systems, this document sets guidelines for
these new HMI solutions.
As additional explanation and support for developing specific requirements, keyless ignition control
use cases are provided as an Annex A.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 21956:2019(E)
Road vehicles — Ergonomics aspects of transport
information and control systems — Human machine
interface specifications for keyless ignition systems
1 Scope
This document provides human machine interface (HMI) design specifications for keyless ignition
systems that use key code carrying device for passenger cars (including sport utility vehicles and light
trucks) and commercial vehicles (including heavy trucks and buses), independent of vehicle propulsion
system. HMI specifications for the electrical key functions include actuation in normal conditions,
emergencies, low battery, and avoidance of inadvertent actuations, alerts and specific non-standard
situations.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
key code
electronic code, which when transmitted to and stored in the starting system (3.4) software, allows the
driver to select a vehicle ignition mode using a keyless ignition control (3.3)
3.2
key code carrying device
physical device capable of transmitting an electronic key code (3.1) to the vehicle starting system (3.4)
3.3
keyless ignition control
permanently mounted physical device such as a pushbutton, rocker switch, multi-position control, or
rotary control used to perform ignition control such as start or stop a vehicle propulsion system (3.6)
without need for insertion or removal of a conventional key into/from an ignition slot
3.4
starting system
electronic system that controls the transition between ignition modes (3.5) related to the starting or
stopping of a vehicle based on driver’s request and vehicle conditions
3.5
ignition mode
propulsion and/or vehicle electrical states as determined by vehicle operating conditions and driver
actuation of the keyless ignition control (3.3)
3.5.1
start mode
transient mode where the vehicle propulsion system (3.6) is initiated (e.g. engine cranking), leading to
run mode (3.5.2), while an electronic key code is present in the starting system (3.4)
3.5.2
run mode
mode in which the vehicle propulsion system (3.6) is enabled, and an electronic key code is present in the
starting system (3.4)
Note 1 to entry: Automatic start/stop-equipped vehicles remain in run mode when automatic stop is engaged.
3.5.3
stop mode
mode in which the vehicle propulsion and vehicle electrical systems are disabled, and an electronic key
code is not present in the starting system (3.4)
Note 1 to entry: Vehicle manufacturers may choose to temporarily keep vehicle electrical systems active, and
the key code in the starting system in this mode until a trigger event occurs (such as a driver-door open event
or timer event). This vehicle state is sometimes provided to allow use of in-vehicle displays and entertainment
systems after the propulsion system is disabled.
3.5.4
electrical mode
accessory mode
mode in which the vehicle propulsion system (3.6) is disabled, the vehicle electrical system elements are
active as determined by the vehicle manufacturer, and an electronic key code is present in the starting
system (3.4)
3.5.5
lower ignition mode
modes, which are lower than the electrical mode (3.5.4)
Note 1 to entry: This applies to commercial vehicles only.
Note 2 to entry: These become important for commercial vehicles where the drivers must comply with valid driving
time regulations that separate between driving, resting and other work. The lower modes help to record time
periods spent on alternative activities. Examples of lower ignition modes can be living, parked or hibernate modes.
3.5.5.1
living mode
leisure mode
mode when driver is in the vehicle and can sleep or use some functions to support living in the vehicle
Note 1 to entry: It is necessary to ensure that some safety critical functions are available, e.g. burglar alarm.
3.5.5.2
parked mode
mode when vehicle is parked and not in use and no one is in the cab using the functions
Note 1 to entry: The time is counted to be compared with regulated driving and resting times.
3.5.5.3
hibernate mode
logistics mode
transition time from production to delivery to end customer delivery
Note 1 to entry: This secures very limited functionali
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 21956
First edition
2019-11
Road vehicles — Ergonomics aspects
of transport information and control
systems — Human machine interface
specifications for keyless ignition
systems
Véhicules routiers — Aspects ergonomiques des systèmes de
commande et d'information du transport — Spécifications d'interface
homme-machine pour des systèmes de démarrage sans clé
Reference number
©
ISO 2019
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Design guidelines . 3
4.1 Actuation of keyless ignition control . 3
4.1.1 Actuation for emergency starting – Restarting the propulsion system after
unintended engine stall . 3
4.1.2 Actuation for starting – Design to avoid accidental starting – Stationary vehicle . 3
4.1.3 Actuation for stopping while a vehicle with automatic start/stop is in run mode . 3
4.1.4 Actuation for stopping (commercial vehicles only) – Design to avoid
accidental stopping - Stationary vehicle. 3
4.1.5 Actuation for emergency stopping – Interruption of starting . 3
4.2 Starting a propulsion system in case key code carrying device battery runs out . 3
4.2.1 Operation methods . 4
4.2.2 Instructions in case key code carrying device battery runs out . 4
4.3 Alerts and information to the driver . 4
4.3.1 Key left in vehicle . . . 4
4.3.2 Missing key code carrying device when starting vehicle propulsion system . 4
4.3.3 Ignition mode active at exit . 5
4.3.4 Ignition mode active at exit (commercial vehicles only) . 5
4.3.5 Key code carrying device leaves the vehicle . 5
4.3.6 Power shut off without key code carrying device . 6
4.3.7 Power shut off when not in “parked” or without activated parking brake
for automatic transmission vehicles . 6
4.3.8 Power shut off when not in “parked” or “neutral” for automatic
transmission vehicles (commercial vehicles only) . 7
4.3.9 Steering not unlocked . 7
Annex A (informative) Keyless ignition control use cases . 8
Bibliography .11
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 39,
Ergonomics.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
Introduction
The conventional method of operating motor ignition systems requires use of a mechanical key. Keyless
ignition systems, that do not require the mechanical interface with the vehicle, improve driver’s
convenience and are becoming more widespread. This has created a need for immediate standardization
of the Human Machine Interface (HMI), since some drivers may have difficulty understanding how
to use these systems. This document complements SAE J2948, which covers the operation of keyless
ignition systems with the goal of helping to minimize user-initiated errors. That includes:
— the inability to start and stop the vehicle propulsion system,
— exiting the vehicle with the automatic transmission in a non-parking gear,
— exiting the vehicle while the vehicle propulsion system is enabled, and
— exiting the vehicle while the vehicle propulsion system is disabled, but the accessory or electrical
systems are active.
This document's scope differs from SAE J2948 as follows:
— actuation of keyless ignition control that is equipped with automatic start/stop systems,
— actuation to start or stop the vehicle propulsion system under emergency situations,
— actuation to start the propulsion system with low battery in the key,
— actuation of keyless ignition control without key code carrying device, and
— recommendations for detailed alerts and status indications identified with specific use-case
examples.
Many of these HMI issues vary among manufacturers and even among models from the same
manufacturer. To help clarify the use of keyless ignition systems, this document sets guidelines for
these new HMI solutions.
As additional explanation and support for developing specific requirements, keyless ignition control
use cases are provided as an Annex A.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 21956:2019(E)
Road vehicles — Ergonomics aspects of transport
information and control systems — Human machine
interface specifications for keyless ignition systems
1 Scope
This document provides human machine interface (HMI) design specifications for keyless ignition
systems that use key code carrying device for passenger cars (including sport utility vehicles and light
trucks) and commercial vehicles (including heavy trucks and buses), independent of vehicle propulsion
system. HMI specifications for the electrical key functions include actuation in normal conditions,
emergencies, low battery, and avoidance of inadvertent actuations, alerts and specific non-standard
situations.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
key code
electronic code, which when transmitted to and stored in the starting system (3.4) software, allows the
driver to select a vehicle ignition mode using a keyless ignition control (3.3)
3.2
key code carrying device
physical device capable of transmitting an electronic key code (3.1) to the vehicle starting system (3.4)
3.3
keyless ignition control
permanently mounted physical device such as a pushbutton, rocker switch, multi-position control, or
rotary control used to perform ignition control such as start or stop a vehicle propulsion system (3.6)
without need for insertion or removal of a conventional key into/from an ignition slot
3.4
starting system
electronic system that controls the transition between ignition modes (3.5) related to the starting or
stopping of a vehicle based on driver’s request and vehicle conditions
3.5
ignition mode
propulsion and/or vehicle electrical states as determined by vehicle operating conditions and driver
actuation of the keyless ignition control (3.3)
3.5.1
start mode
transient mode where the vehicle propulsion system (3.6) is initiated (e.g. engine cranking), leading to
run mode (3.5.2), while an electronic key code is present in the starting system (3.4)
3.5.2
run mode
mode in which the vehicle propulsion system (3.6) is enabled, and an electronic key code is present in the
starting system (3.4)
Note 1 to entry: Automatic start/stop-equipped vehicles remain in run mode when automatic stop is engaged.
3.5.3
stop mode
mode in which the vehicle propulsion and vehicle electrical systems are disabled, and an electronic key
code is not present in the starting system (3.4)
Note 1 to entry: Vehicle manufacturers may choose to temporarily keep vehicle electrical systems active, and
the key code in the starting system in this mode until a trigger event occurs (such as a driver-door open event
or timer event). This vehicle state is sometimes provided to allow use of in-vehicle displays and entertainment
systems after the propulsion system is disabled.
3.5.4
electrical mode
accessory mode
mode in which the vehicle propulsion system (3.6) is disabled, the vehicle electrical system elements are
active as determined by the vehicle manufacturer, and an electronic key code is present in the starting
system (3.4)
3.5.5
lower ignition mode
modes, which are lower than the electrical mode (3.5.4)
Note 1 to entry: This applies to commercial vehicles only.
Note 2 to entry: These become important for commercial vehicles where the drivers must comply with valid driving
time regulations that separate between driving, resting and other work. The lower modes help to record time
periods spent on alternative activities. Examples of lower ignition modes can be living, parked or hibernate modes.
3.5.5.1
living mode
leisure mode
mode when driver is in the vehicle and can sleep or use some functions to support living in the vehicle
Note 1 to entry: It is necessary to ensure that some safety critical functions are available, e.g. burglar alarm.
3.5.5.2
parked mode
mode when vehicle is parked and not in use and no one is in the cab using the functions
Note 1 to entry: The time is counted to be compared with regulated driving and resting times.
3.5.5.3
hibernate mode
logistics mode
transition time from production to delivery to end customer delivery
Note 1 to entry: This secures very limited functionali
...
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