ISO 21956:2019

Road vehicles — Ergonomics aspects of transport information and control systems — Human machine interface specifications for keyless ignition systems

This document provides human machine interface (HMI) design specifications for keyless ignition systems that use key code carrying device for passenger cars (including sport utility vehicles and light trucks) and commercial vehicles (including heavy trucks and buses), independent of vehicle propulsion system. HMI specifications for the electrical key functions include actuation in normal conditions, emergencies, low battery, and avoidance of inadvertent actuations, alerts and specific non-standard situations.

Véhicules routiers — Aspects ergonomiques des systèmes de commande et d'information du transport — Spécifications d'interface homme-machine pour des systèmes de démarrage sans clé

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 07-Nov-2019
• ICS: 13.180 - Ergonomics
• ICS: 43.040.15 - Car informatics. On board computer systems
• ICS: 43.060.50 - Electrical and electronic equipment. Control systems
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 22/SC 39 - Ergonomics
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 22/SC 39/WG 3 - Controls, displays, and tell-tale localization
• Current Stage: 6060 - International Standard published
• Start Date: 08-Nov-2019
• Due Date: 07-Nov-2019
• Completion Date: 08-Nov-2019

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 21956
First edition
2019-11
Road vehicles — Ergonomics aspects
of transport information and control
systems — Human machine interface
specifications for keyless ignition
systems
Véhicules routiers — Aspects ergonomiques des systèmes de
commande et d'information du transport — Spécifications d'interface
homme-machine pour des systèmes de démarrage sans clé
Reference number
ISO 21956:2019(E)
ISO 2019
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ISO 21956:2019(E)
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© ISO 2019

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ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
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ISO 21956:2019(E)
Contents Page

Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................iv

Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

4 Design guidelines ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 3

4.1 Actuation of keyless ignition control ................................................................................................................................... 3

4.1.1 Actuation for emergency starting – Restarting the propulsion system after

unintended engine stall ............................................................................................................................................. 3

4.1.2 Actuation for starting – Design to avoid accidental starting – Stationary vehicle .. 3

4.1.3 Actuation for stopping while a vehicle with automatic start/stop is in run mode . 3

4.1.4 Actuation for stopping (commercial vehicles only) – Design to avoid

accidental stopping - Stationary vehicle...................................................................................................... 3

4.1.5 Actuation for emergency stopping – Interruption of starting .................................................. 3

4.2 Starting a propulsion system in case key code carrying device battery runs out ......................... 3

4.2.1 Operation methods ........................................................................................................................................................ 4

4.2.2 Instructions in case key code carrying device battery runs out ............................................. 4

4.3 Alerts and information to the driver .................................................................................................................................... 4

4.3.1 Key left in vehicle .................. .................................................... ....................................................................................... 4

4.3.2 Missing key code carrying device when starting vehicle propulsion system .............. 4

4.3.3 Ignition mode active at exit .................................................................................................................................... 5

4.3.4 Ignition mode active at exit (commercial vehicles only) ............................................................... 5

4.3.5 Key code carrying device leaves the vehicle ............................................................................................ 5

4.3.6 Power shut off without key code carrying device ............................................................................... 6

4.3.7 Power shut off when not in “parked” or without activated parking brake

for automatic transmission vehicles ............................................................................................................... 6

4.3.8 Power shut off when not in “parked” or “neutral” for automatic

transmission vehicles (commercial vehicles only) ............................................................................. 7

4.3.9 Steering not unlocked .................................................................................................................................................. 7

Annex A (informative) Keyless ignition control use cases ............................................................................................................. 8

Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................11

© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved iii
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ISO 21956:2019(E)
Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards

bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out

through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical

committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International

organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.

ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of

electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are

described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the

different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the

editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of

any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or

on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not

constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and

expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the

World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/

iso/ foreword .html.

This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 39,

Ergonomics.

Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A

complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
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ISO 21956:2019(E)
Introduction

The conventional method of operating motor ignition systems requires use of a mechanical key. Keyless

ignition systems, that do not require the mechanical interface with the vehicle, improve driver’s

convenience and are becoming more widespread. This has created a need for immediate standardization

of the Human Machine Interface (HMI), since some drivers may have difficulty understanding how

to use these systems. This document complements SAE J2948, which covers the operation of keyless

ignition systems with the goal of helping to minimize user-initiated errors. That includes:

— the inability to start and stop the vehicle propulsion system,
— exiting the vehicle with the automatic transmission in a non-parking gear,
— exiting the vehicle while the vehicle propulsion system is enabled, and

— exiting the vehicle while the vehicle propulsion system is disabled, but the accessory or electrical

systems are active.
This document's scope differs from SAE J2948 as follows:

— actuation of keyless ignition control that is equipped with automatic start/stop systems,

— actuation to start or stop the vehicle propulsion system under emergency situations,

— actuation to start the propulsion system with low battery in the key,
— actuation of keyless ignition control without key code carrying device, and

— recommendations for detailed alerts and status indications identified with specific use-case

examples.

Many of these HMI issues vary among manufacturers and even among models from the same

manufacturer. To help clarify the use of keyless ignition systems, this document sets guidelines for

these new HMI solutions.

As additional explanation and support for developing specific requirements, keyless ignition control

use cases are provided as an Annex A.
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved v
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 21956:2019(E)
Road vehicles — Ergonomics aspects of transport
information and control systems — Human machine
interface specifications for keyless ignition systems
1 Scope

This document provides human machine interface (HMI) design specifications for keyless ignition

systems that use key code carrying device for passenger cars (including sport utility vehicles and light

trucks) and commercial vehicles (including heavy trucks and buses), independent of vehicle propulsion

system. HMI specifications for the electrical key functions include actuation in normal conditions,

emergencies, low battery, and avoidance of inadvertent actuations, alerts and specific non-standard

situations.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
key code

electronic code, which when transmitted to and stored in the starting system (3.4) software, allows the

driver to select a vehicle ignition mode using a keyless ignition control (3.3)
3.2
key code carrying device

physical device capable of transmitting an electronic key code (3.1) to the vehicle starting system (3.4)

3.3
keyless ignition control

permanently mounted physical device such as a pushbutton, rocker switch, multi-position control, or

rotary control used to perform ignition control such as start or stop a vehicle propulsion system (3.6)

without need for insertion or removal of a conventional key into/from an ignition slot

3.4
starting system

electronic system that controls the transition between ignition modes (3.5) related to the starting or

stopping of a vehicle based on driver’s request and vehicle conditions
3.5
ignition mode

propulsion and/or vehicle electrical states as determined by vehicle operating conditions and driver

actuation of the keyless ignition control (3.3)
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ISO 21956:2019(E)
3.5.1
start mode

transient mode where the vehicle propulsion system (3.6) is initiated (e.g. engine cranking), leading to

run mode (3.5.2), while an electronic key code is present in the starting system (3.4)

3.5.2
run mode

mode in which the vehicle propulsion system (3.6) is enabled, and an electronic key code is present in the

starting system (3.4)

Note 1 to entry: Automatic start/stop-equipped vehicles remain in run mode when automatic stop is engaged.

3.5.3
stop mode

mode in which the vehicle propulsion and vehicle electrical systems are disabled, and an electronic key

code is not present in the starting system (3.4)

Note 1 to entry: Vehicle manufacturers may choose to temporarily keep vehicle electrical systems active, and

the key code in the starting system in this mode until a trigger event occurs (such as a driver-door open event

or timer event). This vehicle state is sometimes provided to allow use of in-vehicle displays and entertainment

systems after the propulsion system is disabled.
3.5.4
electrical mode
accessory mode

mode in which the vehicle propulsion system (3.6) is disabled, the vehicle electrical system elements are

active as determined by the vehicle manufacturer, and an electronic key code is present in the starting

system (3.4)
3.5.5
lower ignition mode
modes, which are lower than the electrical mode (3.5.4)
Note 1 to entry: This applies to commercial vehicles only.

Note 2 to entry: These become important for commercial vehicles where the drivers must comply with valid driving

time regulations that separate between driving, resting and other work. The lower modes help to record time

periods spent on alternative activities. Examples of lower ignition modes can be living, parked or hibernate modes.

3.5.5.1
living mode
leisure mode

mode when driver is in the vehicle and can sleep or use some functions to support living in the vehicle

Note 1 to entry: It is necessary to ensure that some safety critical functions are available, e.g. burglar alarm.

3.5.5.2
parked mode

mode when vehicle is parked and not in use and no one is in the cab using the functions

Note 1 to entry: The time is counted to be compared with regulated driving and resting times.

3.5.5.3
hibernate mode
logistics mode
transition time from production to delivery to end customer delivery

Note 1 to entry: This secures very limited functionality like facilitating inserting the key and applying or

releasing the parking brake.
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ISO 21956:2019(E)
3.6
vehicle propulsion system

system that provides forward or rearward movement proportional to driver control inputs

3.7
electronic steering lock
steering lock that enables the steering to lock or unlock electronically
4 Design guidelines
4.1 Actuation of keyless ignition control

4.1.1 Actuation for emergency starting – Restarting the propulsion system after unintended

engine stall

After an unintended engine stall, a method of restarting the propulsion system without key code

carrying device verification shall be provided at minimum, in the owner's manual. The driver can

restart the propulsion system by operating the keyless ignition control or other alternative methods

such as pressing the clutch (and brake) pedal for manual transmission vehicles or pressing the brake

pedal for automatic transmission vehicles.
For detailed use cases related to each design, see Annex A.

4.1.2 Actuation for starting – Design to avoid accidental starting – Stationary vehicle

The keyless ignition systems shall be designed to prevent accidental activation of putting the vehicle in

run mode by requiring a combination of two separate actions. The separate actions can be pressing the

brake pedal or other means while operating the keyless ignition control.

For vehicles with integrated power take-offs (e.g. for power take-offs supporting loading or unloading

goods), the keyless ignition control shall require a specific operation (e.g. multiple control actuation

or long push) and the system shall include precautions so that the vehicle cannot start to move

unintentionally (e.g. inactivated transmission and engaged parking brake).

4.1.3 Actuation for stopping while a vehicle with automatic start/stop is in run mode

When the propulsion system (engine) is deactivated (turned off) during idle mode with enabled

automatic start/stop, the following applies as the dr
...