ISO 4723:2023
(Main)Water quality — Actinium-227 — Test method using alpha-spectrometry
Water quality — Actinium-227 — Test method using alpha-spectrometry
This document specifies a test method to determine the activity concentration of 227Ac in all types of waters by alpha spectrometry. The test method is applicable to test samples of supply/drinking water, rainwater, surface and ground water, marine water, as well as cooling water, industrial water, domestic, and industrial wastewater after proper sampling and handling and test sample preparation (see ISO 5667-1, ISO 5667-3, ISO 5667-10). Filtration of the test sample is necessary. The detection limit depends on the sample volume, the instrument used, the background count rate, the detection efficiency, the counting time, the chemical yield, and the progeny ingrowth. The method described in this document, using currently available alpha spectrometry apparatus, has a detection limit of approximately 0,03 Bq·l−1, when directly measuring the alpha peak of 227Ac. This detection limit is lower than the WHO criteria for safe consumption of drinking water for any actinide alpha emitter (0,1 Bq·l−1).[4] This value can be achieved with a counting time of 48 h for a sample volume of 1 l. Only a small fraction of 227Ac decays through alpha emissions (~1,42 %). An option to lower the detection limit of the method is to wait, let the progenies of 227Ac grow in, and measure an alpha progeny peak of 227Ac (e.g. 215Po). This is a longer technique, but a lower detection limit of approximately 0,000 2 Bq·l−1 can be obtained by re-counting the sample approximately 90 days after purification. The sample can be re-counted before 90 days, but with a higher detection limit. The test method(s) described in this document can be used during planned, existing and emergency exposure situations as well as for wastewaters and liquid effluents with specific modifications that can increase the overall uncertainty, detection limit and threshold. For an emergency situation, it is preferable to reduce the counting time rather than the sample volume. The analysis of 227Ac adsorbed to suspended matter is not covered by this document.
Qualité de l'eau — Actinium-227 — Méthode d'essai par spectrométrie alpha
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 4723
First edition
2023-11
Water quality — Actinium-227 — Test
method using alpha-spectrometry
Qualité de l'eau — Actinium-227 — Méthode d'essai par
spectrométrie alpha
Reference number
ISO 4723:2023(E)
© ISO 2023
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ISO 4723:2023(E)
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ii
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
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ISO 4723:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions and symbols . 2
3.1 Terms and definitions . 2
3.2 Symbols . 2
4 Principle . 4
5 Sampling, handling and storage . 5
6 Reagents and apparatus . 5
6.1 Reagents . 5
6.2 Apparatus . 6
7 Procedure .7
7.1 Sample preparation . 7
7.2 Coprecipitation . 7
7.3 Purification . 8
7.4 Thin layer source preparation . 8
7.5 Measurement . 8
8 Quality assurance and quality control program .
...
FINAL
INTERNATIONAL ISO/FDIS
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STANDARD 4723
ISO/TC 147/SC 3
Water quality — Actinium-227 — Test
Secretariat: AFNOR
method using alpha-spectrometry
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Qualité de l'eau — Actinium-227 — Méthode d'essai par
spectrométrie alpha
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NATIONAL REGULATIONS. © ISO 2023
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ISO/FDIS 4723:2023(E)
FINAL
INTERNATIONAL ISO/FDIS
DRAFT
STANDARD 4723
ISO/TC 147/SC 3
Water quality — Actinium-227 — Test
Secretariat: AFNOR
method using alpha-spectrometry
Voting begins on:
Qualité de l'eau — Actinium-227 — Méthode d'essai par
spectrométrie alpha
Voting terminates on:
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
ISO copyright office
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
DOCUMENTATION.
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
Email: copyright@iso.org
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO
ISO/FDIS 4723:2023(E)
Website: www.iso.org
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
Published in Switzerland
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
ii
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. © ISO 2023
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 4723:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions and symbols . 2
3.1 Terms and definitions . 2
3.2 Symbols . 2
4 Principle . 4
5 Sampling, handling and storage . 5
6 Reagents and apparatus . 5
6.1 Reagents . 5
6.2 Apparatus .
...
ISO/FDIS 4723:2023(E) Style Definition: Heading 1: Indent: Left: 0 pt, First line: 0
pt, Tab stops: Not at 21.6 pt
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ISO TC 147/SC 3/WG 16
18 pt
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Secretariat: AFNOR
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Date: 2023-05-29xx
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Water quality — Actinium-227 —Test method using alpha spectrometry
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Qualité de l'eau — Actinium-227 —Méthode d’essai par spectrométrie alpha
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First edition
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ISO/FDIS 4723:2023(E)
© ISO 2023 Commented [eXtyles1]: The reference is to a withdrawn
standard which has been replaced
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no
ISO 20344, Personal protective equipment — Test methods for
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part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means,
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prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or
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ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO Copyright Office
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ii © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
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ISO/FDIS 4723:2023(E)
Table of contents
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 4723:2023(E)
Contents
Foreword . 7
Introduction. 8
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions and symbols . 2
3.1 Terms and definitions . 2
3.2 Symbols . 2
4 Principle . 4
5 Sampling, handling and storage . 6
6 Reagents and apparatus . 6
6.1 Reagents . 6
6.2 Apparatus . 7
7 Procedure . 8
7.1 Sample preparation . 8
7.2 Coprecipitation . 8
7.3 Purification . 9
7.4 Thin layer source preparation . 9
7.5 Measurement .
...
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