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ISO/CIE TS 22012:2019

(Main)

Light and lighting — Maintenance factor determination — Way of working

Light and lighting — Maintenance factor determination — Way of working

This document specifies a standardized way of working for determining the maintenance factor for both outdoor and indoor lighting installations using the methodology as described in CIE 154:2003 and CIE 097:2005.

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General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
05-Feb-2019
ICS
91.160.01 - Lighting in general
Technical Committee
ISO/TC 274 - Light and lighting
Drafting Committee
ISO/TC 274 - Light and lighting
Current Stage
9093 - International Standard confirmed
Start Date
20-Jan-2023
Completion Date
19-Apr-2025
Ref Project
ISO/CIE TS 22012:2019 - Light and lighting -- Maintenance factor determination -- Way of workingISO/CIE TS 22012:2019 - Light and lighting -- Maintenance factor determination -- Way of working
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Technical specification
ISO/CIE TS 22012:2019 - Light and lighting -- Maintenance factor determination -- Way of working
English language
28 pages
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TECHNICAL ISO/CIE TS
SPECIFICATION 22012
First edition
2019-02
Light and lighting — Maintenance
factor determination — Way of
working
Reference number
©
ISO/CIE 2019
© ISO/CIE 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office CIE Central Bureau
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8 Babenbergerstraße 9/9A
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva A-1010 Vienna, Austria
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11 Phone: +43 1 714 3187
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47 Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org Email: ciecb@cie.co.at
Website: www.iso.org Website: www.cie.co.at
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO/CIE 2019 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols and units . 3
5 Influencing factors . 4
5.1 Luminaire and/or light source characteristics. 4
5.2 Recoverable external factors . 4
5.3 Non-recoverable external factors . 4
5.4 Maintenance period, cleaning, replacement and surface refurbishment interval . 4
6 Maintenance factor determination . 5
6.1 Basic description of the method . 5
6.2 Luminous flux factor . 5
6.2.1 Luminous flux factor determination — General. 5
6.2.2 Luminous flux factor determination — Special case: Constant light output (CLO) 6
6.3 Survival factor . 8
6.3.1 Survival factor description . 8
6.3.2 Spot replacement regime . 8
6.3.3 Group replacement regime . 8
6.3.4 Regime combinations . 9
6.4 Luminaire maintenance factor . 9
6.4.1 Luminaire maintenance factor description . 9
6.4.2 Indoor luminaires .10
6.4.3 Outdoor luminaires .10
6.5 Surface maintenance factor .10
7 Use of the maintenance factor .10
7.1 Lighting design using the maintenance factor .10
7.2 Documentation .11
7.2.1 Documentation of maintenance factor determination .11
7.2.2 Documentation of maintenance schedules .11
7.3 Lighting verification using the maintenance factor .11
Annex A (informative) Maintenance factor determination examples .13
Annex B (informative) Luminous flux factor f tables (Typical examples) .17
LF
Annex C (informative) Luminaire maintenance factor f determination examples .19
LM
Annex D (informative) Surface maintenance factor f examples .24
SM
Bibliography .28
© ISO/CIE 2019 – All rights reserved iii

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www .iso .org/iso/foreword .html.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) on all matters of
standardization for light and lighting.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 274, Light and lighting. The document has
been jointly prepared with CIE JTC 11, Light and Lighting — Maintenance factor — Way of working.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
iv © ISO/CIE 2019 – All rights reserved

Introduction
Continuous maintenance of lighting installations is essential as it ensures that the performance
of a system stays within the design limits and promotes safety and efficient use of energy. In the
design phase this is taken into account through the use of the maintenance factor. The maintenance
factor combines several different factors such as the assumed product/installation behaviour, the
environmental parameters and maintenance and cleaning schedules.
The methodology of determining the maintenance factor has been extensively documented by CIE
(see Clause 2 and bibliography). However, as the focus of these technical reports was predominantly
on incandescent and gas discharge light sources, more clarity is needed to ensure the proper use/
translation of the existing methodology towards technologies such as light emitting diodes (LED).
Technologies such as LED distinguish themselves from other technologies by their long lifetime, low
failure rate and their integration of components which were previously seen as separate components.
As such the previous methods used to determine the depreciation and survival of luminaires might
seem unusable and cause uncertainty. However, based on work by IEC (see Clause 2) the luminous flux
depreciation and light source failure parameters have now been (re)established for LED-based light
sources and allow for translation into an updated way of working to determine the maintenance factor
using the existing CIE methodology and data for luminaire and surface dirt depreciation.
This document combines insights from IEC standards with regard to product performance of luminaires
and light sources currently in the market with the existing determination methodology from CIE
Technical Reports. Furthermore, it references the data in the CIE Technical Reports with regard to the
impact of the environment on luminaires (accumulation of dirt on surfaces and luminaires).
This document provides the following:
— background information with respect to the principles of the maintenance factor and the relevant
parameters for indoor and outdoor applications;
— a detailed way of working on how to apply the maintenance factor determination method (as
described in CIE 154:2003 and CIE 097:2005) for outdoor and indoor lighting designs using the
technologies available in the market;
— explanation and examples on how to apply the maintenance factor and how to ensure proper
operation over time corresponding to the determined values.
© ISO/CIE 2019 – All rights reserved v

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/CIE TS 22012:2019(E)
Light and lighting — Maintenance factor determination —
Way of working
1 Scope
This document specifies a standardized way of working for determining the maintenance factor for
both outdoor and indoor lighting installations using the methodology as described in CIE 154:2003 and
CIE 097:2005.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
CIE 097:2005, Maintenance of Indoor Electric Lighting Systems
CIE 154:2003, Maintenance of Outdoor Lighting Systems
CIE S 017, ILV International Lighting Vocabulary
IEC 62722-2-1, Luminaire performance — Part 2-1: Particular requirements for LED luminaires
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in CIE S 017 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
3.1
abrupt failure value
AFV
percentage of LED based products failing to operate at median useful life (L )
x
[SOURCE: IEC 62717:2014+AMD1: 2015, modified — generalized to products]
3.2
cleaning interval
planned time between cleaning of (parts of) the products and/or components
3.3
CLO lifetime
time over which the CLO (3.5) feature ensures a constant luminous flux
3.4
component replacement interval
planned time between replacement of one or more specified luminaire component(s)
© ISO/CIE 2019 – All rights reserved 1

3.5
CLO
constant light output
functionality to constantly adjust the luminous flux of
...

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